1. With Gladness, with ViewsKatame dhammā akusalā? Which are the states that are bad?Yasmiṁ samaye akusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ diṭṭhigatasampayuttaṁ rūpārammaṇaṁ vā saddārammaṇaṁ vā gandhārammaṇaṁ vā rasārammaṇaṁ vā phoṭṭhabbārammaṇaṁ vā dhammārammaṇaṁ vā yaṁ yaṁ vā panārabbha, tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti, vedanā hoti, saññā hoti, cetanā hoti, cittaṁ hoti, vitakko hoti, vicāro hoti, pīti hoti, sukhaṁ hoti, cittassekaggatā hoti, vīriyindriyaṁ hoti, samādhindriyaṁ hoti, manindriyaṁ hoti, somanassindriyaṁ hoti, jīvitindriyaṁ hoti, micchādiṭṭhi hoti, micchāsaṅkappo hoti, micchāvāyāmo hoti, micchāsamādhi hoti, vīriyabalaṁ hoti, samādhibalaṁ hoti, ahirikabalaṁ hoti, anottappabalaṁ hoti, lobho hoti, moho hoti, abhijjhā hoti, micchādiṭṭhi hoti, ahirikaṁ hoti, anottappaṁ hoti, samatho hoti, paggāho hoti, avikkhepo hoti; When a bad thought has arisen, which is accompanied by gladness, and associated with views and opinions, and has as its object a sight, a sound, a smell, a taste, a touch, a [mental] state, or what not, then there isye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—contact,feeling,perception,volition,thought,applied, andsustained thought,zest,ease,self-collectedness;ime dhammā akusalā.

contact,Katamo tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti? feeling,Yo tasmiṁ samaye phasso phusanā samphusanā samphusitattaṁ—perception,ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti.

volition,Katamā tasmiṁ samaye vedanā hoti? thought,Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātusamphassajaṁ cetasikaṁ sātaṁ cetasikaṁ sukhaṁ cetosamphassajaṁ sātaṁ sukhaṁ vedayitaṁ cetosamphassajā sātā sukhā vedanā—applied, andayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye vedanā hoti.

sustained thought,Katamā tasmiṁ samaye saññā hoti? zest,Yā tasmiṁ samaye tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātusamphassajā saññā sañjānanā sañjānitattaṁ—ease,ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye saññā hoti.

self-collectedness;Katamā tasmiṁ samaye cetanā hoti? the faculties ofYā tasmiṁ samaye tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātusamphassajā cetanā sañcetanā cetayitattaṁ—energy,concentration,mind,gladness,life;ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye cetanā hoti.

energy,Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye cittaṁ hoti? concentration,Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye cittaṁ mano mānasaṁ hadayaṁ paṇḍaraṁ mano manāyatanaṁ manindriyaṁ viññāṇaṁ viññāṇakkhandho tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātu—mind,idaṁ tasmiṁ samaye cittaṁ hoti.

gladness,Katamo tasmiṁ samaye vitakko hoti? life;Yo tasmiṁ samaye takko vitakko saṅkappo appanā byappanā cetaso abhiniropanā micchāsaṅkappo—wrong views,wrong intention,wrong endeavour,wrong concentration;ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye vitakko hoti.

wrong views,Katamo tasmiṁ samaye vicāro hoti? wrong intention,Yo tasmiṁ samaye cāro vicāro anuvicāro upavicāro cittassa anusandhānatā anupekkhanatā—wrong endeavour,ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye vicāro hoti.

wrong concentration;Katamā tasmiṁ samaye pīti hoti? the powers ofYā tasmiṁ samaye pīti pāmojjaṁ āmodanā pamodanā hāso pahāso vitti odagyaṁ attamanatā cittassa—energy,concentration,unconscientiousness,disregard of blame;ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye pīti hoti.

energy,Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye sukhaṁ hoti? concentration,Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye cetasikaṁ sātaṁ cetasikaṁ sukhaṁ cetosamphassajaṁ sātaṁ sukhaṁ vedayitaṁ cetosamphassajā sātā sukhā vedanā—unconscientiousness,idaṁ tasmiṁ samaye sukhaṁ hoti.

disregard of blame;Katamā tasmiṁ samaye cittassekaggatā hoti? lust,dullness,covetousness,wrong views,Yā tasmiṁ samaye cittassa ṭhiti saṇṭhiti avaṭṭhiti avisāhāro avikkhepo avisāhaṭamānasatā samatho samādhindriyaṁ samādhibalaṁ micchāsamādhi—lust,ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye cittassekaggatā hoti.

dullness,Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye vīriyindriyaṁ hoti? covetousness,Yo tasmiṁ samaye cetasiko vīriyārambho nikkamo parakkamo uyyāmo vāyāmo ussāho ussoḷhī thāmo dhiti asithilaparakkamatā anikkhittachandatā anikkhittadhuratā dhurasampaggāho vīriyaṁ vīriyindriyaṁ vīriyabalaṁ micchāvāyāmo—wrong views,idaṁ tasmiṁ samaye vīriyindriyaṁ hoti.

unconscientiousness,disregard of blame,quiet,grasp,balance.Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye samādhindriyaṁ hoti? unconscientiousness,Yā tasmiṁ samaye cittassa ṭhiti saṇṭhiti avaṭṭhiti avisāhāro avikkhepo avisāhaṭamānasatā samatho samādhindriyaṁ samādhibalaṁ micchāsamādhi—disregard of blame,idaṁ tasmiṁ samaye samādhindriyaṁ hoti.

quiet,Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye manindriyaṁ hoti? grasp,Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye cittaṁ mano mānasaṁ hadayaṁ paṇḍaraṁ mano manāyatanaṁ manindriyaṁ viññāṇaṁ viññāṇakkhandho tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātu—balance.idaṁ tasmiṁ samaye manindriyaṁ hoti.

Now,these—or whatever other incorporeal, causally induced states that there are on that occasion—these are states that are bad.Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye somanassindriyaṁ hoti? What on that occasion is contact … feeling … perception … volition … thought?Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye cetasikaṁ sātaṁ cetasikaṁ sukhaṁ cetosamphassajaṁ sātaṁ sukhaṁ vedayitaṁ cetosamphassajā sātā sukhā vedanā—Answers as in§§ 2–6respectively.idaṁ tasmiṁ samaye somanassindriyaṁ hoti.

What on that occasion is applied thought?Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye jīvitindriyaṁ hoti? Answer as in§ 7, substituting “wrong intention” (micchāsankappo) for “best intention”.Yo tesaṁ arūpīnaṁ dhammānaṁ āyu ṭhiti yapanā yāpanā iriyanā vattanā pālanā jīvitaṁ jīvitindriyaṁ—What on that occasion is sustained thought … joy … ease?idaṁ tasmiṁ samaye jīvitindriyaṁ hoti.

Answers as in§§ 8–10respectively.Katamā tasmiṁ samaye micchādiṭṭhi hoti? What on that occasion is self-collectedness?Yā tasmiṁ samaye diṭṭhi diṭṭhigataṁ diṭṭhigahanaṁ diṭṭhikantāro diṭṭhivisūkāyikaṁ diṭṭhivipphanditaṁ diṭṭhisaññojanaṁ gāho patiṭṭhāho abhiniveso parāmāso kummaggo micchāpatho micchattaṁ titthāyatanaṁ vipariyāsaggāho—Answer as in§ 11, substituting “wrong concentration” for “best concentration”.ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye micchādiṭṭhi hoti.

What on that occasion is the faculty of energy?Katamo tasmiṁ samaye micchāsaṅkappo hoti? Answer as in§ 13, substituting “wrong endeavour” for “best endeavour”.Yo tasmiṁ samaye takko vitakko saṅkappo appanā byappanā cetaso abhiniropanā micchāsaṅkappo—What on that occasion is the faculty of concentration?ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye micchāsaṅkappo hoti.

Answer as in§ 375.Katamo tasmiṁ samaye micchāvāyāmo hoti? What on that occasion is the faculty of mind … gladness … life?Yo tasmiṁ samaye cetasiko vīriyārambho nikkamo parakkamo uyyāmo vāyāmo ussāho ussoḷhī thāmo dhiti asithilaparakkamatā anikkhittachandatā anikkhittadhuratā dhurasampaggāho vīriyaṁ vīriyindriyaṁ vīriyabalaṁ micchāvāyāmo—What on that occasion are wrong views (miccha-diṭṭhi)?ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye micchāvāyāmo hoti.

Theviews which on that occasion are a walking in opinion, the jungle of opinion, the wilderness of opinion, the disorder of opinion, the scuffling of opinion, the fetter of opinion, the grip and tenacity of it, the inclination towards it, the being infected by it, a by-path, a wrong road, wrongness, sectarianism, inverted grasp—these are the wrong views that there then are.Katamo tasmiṁ samaye micchāsamādhi hoti? What on that occasion is wrong intention … wrong endeavour … wrong concentration?Yā tasmiṁ samaye cittassa ṭhiti saṇṭhiti avaṭṭhiti avisāhāro avikkhepo avisāhaṭamānasatā samatho samādhindriyaṁ samādhibalaṁ micchāsamādhi—Answers as in§§ 371,376,375respectively.ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye micchāsamādhi hoti.

Whaton that occasion is the power of energy … the power of concentration?Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye vīriyabalaṁ hoti? Answers as in§§ 383,§ 384respectively.Yo tasmiṁ samaye cetasiko vīriyārambho nikkamo parakkamo uyyāmo vāyāmo ussāho ussoḷhī thāmo dhiti asithilaparakkamatā anikkhittachandatā anikkhittadhuratā dhurasampaggāho vīriyaṁ vīriyindriyaṁ vīriyabalaṁ micchāvāyāmo—What on that occasion is the power of unconscientiousness (ahirikabalaṃ)?idaṁ tasmiṁ samaye vīriyabalaṁ hoti.

The absence which there is on that occasion of any feeling of conscientious scruple when scruples ought to be felt, the absence of conscientious scruple at attaining to bad and evil states—this is the power of unconscientiousness that there then is.Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye samādhibalaṁ hoti? What on that occasion is the power of disregard of blame (anottappabalaṃ)?Yā tasmiṁ samaye cittassa ṭhiti saṇṭhiti avaṭṭhiti avisāhāro avikkhepo avisāhaṭamānasatā samatho samādhindriyaṁ samādhibalaṁ micchāsamādhi—The absence which there is on that occasion of any sense of guilt where a sense of guilt ought to be felt, the absence of a sense of guilt at attaining to bad and evil states—this is the power of disregard of blame that there then is.idaṁ tasmiṁ samaye samādhibalaṁ hoti.

What on that occasion is lust?Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye ahirikabalaṁ hoti? The lust, lusting, lustfulness which there is on that occasion, the infatuation, the feeling and being infatuated, the covetousness, the lust that is the root of badness—this is the lust that there then is.Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye na hirīyati hiriyitabbena na hirīyati pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ samāpattiyā—What on that occasion is dullness?idaṁ tasmiṁ samaye ahirikabalaṁ hoti.

The lack of knowledge, of vision, which there is on that occasion; the lack of co-ordination, of judgment, of enlightenment, of penetration; the inability to comprehend, to grasp thoroughly; the inability to compare, to consider, to demonstrate; the folly, the childishness, the lack of intelligence; the dullness that is vagueness, obfuscation, ignorance, the Flood of ignorance, the Bond of ignorance,the bias of ignorance, the obsession of ignorance, the barrier of ignorance; the dullness that is the root of badness—this is the dullness that there then is.Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye anottappabalaṁ hoti? What on that occasion is covetousness … are wrong views … is unconscientiousness … disregard of blame … quiet … grasp … balance?Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye na ottappati ottappitabbena na ottappati pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ samāpattiyā—Answers as in§§ 389,381,387,388,375,376, and, again,375respectively.idaṁ tasmiṁ samaye anottappabalaṁ hoti.

Or whatever other incorporeal, causally induced states there are on that occasion—these are states that are bad.Katamo tasmiṁ samaye lobho hoti? SummaryYo tasmiṁ samaye lobho lubbhanā lubbhitattaṁ sārāgo sārajjanā sārajjitattaṁ abhijjhā lobho akusalamūlaṁ—Now, on that occasionayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye lobho hoti.

the skandhas are four,the spheres are two,the elements are two,the nutriments are three,the faculties are five,the Jhāna is fivefold,the Path is fourfold,the powers are four,the causes are two;Katamo tasmiṁ samaye moho hoti? the skandhas are four,Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye aññāṇaṁ adassanaṁ anabhisamayo ananubodho asambodho appaṭivedho asaṅgāhanā apariyogāhanā asamapekkhanā apaccavekkhanā apaccakkhakammaṁ dummejjhaṁ bālyaṁ asampajaññaṁ moho pamoho sammoho avijjā avijjogho avijjāyogo avijjānusayo avijjāpariyuṭṭhānaṁ avijjālaṅgī moho akusalamūlaṁ—the spheres are two,ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye moho hoti.

the elements are two,Katamā tasmiṁ samaye abhijjhā hoti? the nutriments are three,Yo tasmiṁ samaye lobho lubbhanā lubbhitattaṁ sārāgo sārajjanā sārajjitattaṁ abhijjhā lobho akusalamūlaṁ—the faculties are five,ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye abhijjhā hoti.

the Jhāna is fivefold,Katamā tasmiṁ samaye micchādiṭṭhi hoti? the Path is fourfold,Yā tasmiṁ samaye diṭṭhi diṭṭhigataṁ diṭṭhigahanaṁ diṭṭhikantāro diṭṭhivisūkāyikaṁ diṭṭhivipphanditaṁ diṭṭhisaññojanaṁ gāho patiṭṭhāho abhiniveso parāmāso kummaggo micchāpatho micchattaṁ titthāyatanaṁ vipariyāsaggāho—the powers are four,ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye micchādiṭṭhi hoti.

the causes are two;Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye ahirikaṁ hoti? contact,etc.Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye na hirīyati hiriyitabbena na hirīyati pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ samāpattiyā—contact,idaṁ tasmiṁ samaye ahirikaṁ hoti.

are each single [factors]; etc.Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye anottappaṁ hoti? [Continue as in§ 58.]Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye na ottappati ottappitabbena na ottappati pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ samāpattiyā—What on that occasion is the skandha of synergies?idaṁ tasmiṁ samaye anottappaṁ hoti.

Contact,volition,applied,andsustained thought,zest,self-collectedness;Katamo tasmiṁ samaye samatho hoti? Contact,Yā tasmiṁ samaye cittassa ṭhiti saṇṭhiti avaṭṭhiti avisāhāro avikkhepo avisāhaṭamānasatā samatho samādhindriyaṁ samādhibalaṁ micchāsamādhi—volition,ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye samatho hoti.

applied,andKatamo tasmiṁ samaye paggāho hoti? sustained thought,Yo tasmiṁ samaye cetasiko vīriyārambho nikkamo parakkamo uyyāmo vāyāmo ussāho ussoḷhī thāmo dhiti asithilaparakkamatā anikkhittachandatā anikkhittadhuratā dhurasampaggāho vīriyaṁ vīriyindriyaṁ vīriyabalaṁ micchāvāyāmo—zest,ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye paggāho hoti.

self-collectedness;Katamo tasmiṁ samaye avikkhepo hoti? the faculties ofYā tasmiṁ samaye cittassa ṭhiti saṇṭhiti avaṭṭhiti avisāhāro avikkhepo avisāhaṭamānasatā samatho samādhindriyaṁ samādhibalaṁ micchāsamādhi—energy,concentrationlife;ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye avikkhepo hoti; energy,ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—concentrationime dhammā akusalā.

life;Tasmiṁ kho pana samaye cattāro khandhā honti, dvāyatanāni honti, dve dhātuyo honti, tayo āhārā honti, pañcindriyāni honti, pañcaṅgikaṁ jhānaṁ hoti, caturaṅgiko maggo hoti, cattāri balāni honti, dve hetū honti, eko phasso hoti …pe… ekaṁ dhammāyatanaṁ hoti, ekā dhammadhātu hoti; wrong views,wrong intention,wrong endeavour,wrong concentration;ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—wrong views,ime dhammā akusalā …pe….

wrong intention,Katamo tasmiṁ samaye saṅkhārakkhandho hoti? wrong endeavour,Phasso cetanā vitakko vicāro pīti cittassekaggatā vīriyindriyaṁ samādhindriyaṁ jīvitindriyaṁ micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvāyāmo micchāsamādhi vīriyabalaṁ samādhibalaṁ ahirikabalaṁ anottappabalaṁ lobho moho abhijjhā micchādiṭṭhi ahirikaṁ anottappaṁ samatho paggāho avikkhepo; wrong concentration;ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā ṭhapetvā vedanākkhandhaṁ ṭhapetvā saññākkhandhaṁ ṭhapetvā viññāṇakkhandhaṁ—the powers ofayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye saṅkhārakkhandho hoti …pe… energy,concentration,unconscientiousness,disregard of blame;ime dhammā akusalā.

energy,Katame dhammā akusalā? concentration,Yasmiṁ samaye akusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ diṭṭhigatasampayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena rūpārammaṇaṁ vā …pe… unconscientiousness,dhammārammaṇaṁ vā yaṁ yaṁ vā panārabbha, tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti …pe… avikkhepo hoti …pe… disregard of blame;ime dhammā akusalā.

lust,dullness,covetousness,wrong views,Katame dhammā akusalā? lust,Yasmiṁ samaye akusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ diṭṭhigatavippayuttaṁ rūpārammaṇaṁ vā saddārammaṇaṁ vā gandhārammaṇaṁ vā rasārammaṇaṁ vā phoṭṭhabbārammaṇaṁ vā dhammārammaṇaṁ vā yaṁ yaṁ vā panārabbha, tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti, vedanā hoti, saññā hoti, cetanā hoti, cittaṁ hoti, vitakko hoti, vicāro hoti, pīti hoti, sukhaṁ hoti, cittassekaggatā hoti, vīriyindriyaṁ hoti, samādhindriyaṁ hoti, manindriyaṁ hoti, somanassindriyaṁ hoti, jīvitindriyaṁ hoti, micchāsaṅkappo hoti, micchāvāyāmo hoti, micchāsamādhi hoti, vīriyabalaṁ hoti, samādhibalaṁ hoti, ahirikabalaṁ hoti, anottappabalaṁ hoti, lobho hoti, moho hoti, abhijjhā hoti, ahirikaṁ hoti, anottappaṁ hoti, samatho hoti, paggāho hoti, avikkhepo hoti; dullness,ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—covetousness,ime dhammā akusalā …pe….

wrong views,Tasmiṁ kho pana samaye cattāro khandhā honti, dvāyatanāni honti, dve dhātuyo honti, tayo āhārā honti, pañcindriyāni honti, pañcaṅgikaṁ jhānaṁ hoti, tivaṅgiko maggo hoti, cattāri balāni honti, dve hetū honti, eko phasso hoti …pe… ekaṁ dhammāyatanaṁ hoti, ekā dhammadhātu hoti; unconscientiousness,disregard of blame,quiet,grasp,balance.ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—unconscientiousness,ime dhammā akusalā …pe….

disregard of blame,Katamo tasmiṁ samaye saṅkhārakkhandho hoti? quiet,Phasso cetanā vitakko vicāro pīti cittassekaggatā vīriyindriyaṁ samādhindriyaṁ jīvitindriyaṁ micchāsaṅkappo micchāvāyāmo micchāsamādhi vīriyabalaṁ samādhibalaṁ ahirikabalaṁ anottappabalaṁ lobho moho abhijjhā ahirikaṁ anottappaṁ samatho paggāho avikkhepo; grasp,ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā ṭhapetvā vedanākkhandhaṁ ṭhapetvā saññākkhandhaṁ ṭhapetvā viññāṇakkhandhaṁ—balance.ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye saṅkhārakkhandho hoti …pe… These, or whatever other incorporeal, causally induced states there are on that occasion, exclusive of the skandhas of feeling, perception, and consciousness—these are the skandha of synergies.ime dhammā akusalā.

[Continue as in§ 58.]Katame dhammā akusalā? 2. With Gladness, with Views, InstigatedYasmiṁ samaye akusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ diṭṭhigatavippayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena rūpārammaṇaṁ vā …pe… Which are the states that are bad?dhammārammaṇaṁ vā yaṁ yaṁ vā panārabbha, tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti …pe… avikkhepo hoti …pe… When a bad thought has arisen which is accompanied by gladness, is associated with views and opinions, and is instigated, and which has as its object a sight … or what not, then there is contact … balance …[Continue as in First Thought,§ 365.]ime dhammā akusalā.

[Continue as in First Thought,§ 365.]Katame dhammā akusalā? 3. With Gladness, without ViewsYasmiṁ samaye akusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti upekkhāsahagataṁ diṭṭhigatasampayuttaṁ rūpārammaṇaṁ vā saddārammaṇaṁ vā gandhārammaṇaṁ vā rasārammaṇaṁ vā phoṭṭhabbārammaṇaṁ vā dhammārammaṇaṁ vā yaṁ yaṁ vā panārabbha, tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti, vedanā hoti, saññā hoti, cetanā hoti, cittaṁ hoti, vitakko hoti, vicāro hoti, upekkhā hoti, cittassekaggatā hoti, vīriyindriyaṁ hoti, samādhindriyaṁ hoti, manindriyaṁ hoti, upekkhindriyaṁ hoti, jīvitindriyaṁ hoti, micchādiṭṭhi hoti, micchāsaṅkappo hoti, micchāvāyāmo hoti, micchāsamādhi hoti, vīriyabalaṁ hoti, samādhibalaṁ hoti, ahirikabalaṁ hoti, anottappabalaṁ hoti, lobho hoti, moho hoti, abhijjhā hoti, micchādiṭṭhi hoti, ahirikaṁ hoti, anottappaṁ hoti, samatho hoti, paggāho hoti, avikkhepo hoti; Which are the states that are bad?ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—When a bad thought has arisen which is accompanied by gladness and disconnected with views and opinions, and which has as its object a sight, a sound, a smell, a taste, a touch, or what not, then there is contact, etc.ime dhammā akusalā.

[Continue as in the first Bad Thought, but omitting the single, twice enumerated item “wrong views”.]Katamo tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti? SummaryYo tasmiṁ samaye phasso phusanā samphusanā samphusitattaṁ—Now, at that timeayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti.

the skandhas are four,the spheres are two,the elements are two,the nutriments are three,the faculties are five,the Jhāna is fivefold,the Path is threefold,etc. etc.Katamā tasmiṁ samaye vedanā hoti? the skandhas are four,Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātusamphassajaṁ cetasikaṁ neva sātaṁ nāsātaṁ cetosamphassajaṁ adukkhamasukhaṁ vedayitaṁ cetosamphassajā adukkhamasukhā vedanā—the spheres are two,ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye vedanā hoti …pe….

the elements are two,Katamā tasmiṁ samaye upekkhā hoti? the nutriments are three,Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye cetasikaṁ neva sātaṁ nāsātaṁ cetosamphassajaṁ adukkhamasukhaṁ vedayitaṁ cetosamphassajā adukkhamasukhā vedanā—the faculties are five,ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye upekkhā hoti …pe….

the Jhāna is fivefold,Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye upekkhindriyaṁ hoti? the Path is threefold,Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye cetasikaṁ neva sātaṁ nāsātaṁ cetosamphassajaṁ adukkhamasukhaṁ vedayitaṁ cetosamphassajā adukkhamasukhā vedanā—etc. etc.idaṁ tasmiṁ samaye upekkhindriyaṁ hoti …pe… [Continue as in§ 58.]ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—What on that occasion is the skandha of synergies?ime dhammā akusalā.

Answer as in§ 398, omitting “wrong views”.Tasmiṁ kho pana samaye cattāro khandhā honti, dvāyatanāni honti, dve dhātuyo honti, tayo āhārā honti, pañcindriyāni honti, caturaṅgikaṁ jhānaṁ hoti, caturaṅgiko maggo hoti, cattāri balāni honti, dve hetū honti, eko phasso hoti …pe… ekaṁ dhammāyatanaṁ hoti, ekā dhammadhātu hoti; 4. With Gladness, without Views, Instigatedye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—Which are the states that are bad?ime dhammā akusalā …pe….

When a bad thought has arisen which is accompanied by gladness, is disconnected with views and opinions, and isinstigated, and which has as its object a sight … or what not, then there is contact … balance …Katamo tasmiṁ samaye saṅkhārakkhandho hoti? [Continue as in the Third Thought,§ 400.]Phasso cetanā vitakko vicāro cittassekaggatā vīriyindriyaṁ samādhindriyaṁ jīvitindriyaṁ micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvāyāmo micchāsamādhi vīriyabalaṁ samādhibalaṁ ahirikabalaṁ anottappabalaṁ lobho moho abhijjhā micchādiṭṭhi ahirikaṁ anottappaṁ samatho paggāho avikkhepo; 5. With Indifference, with Viewsye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā ṭhapetvā vedanākkhandhaṁ ṭhapetvā saññākkhandhaṁ ṭhapetvā viññāṇakkhandhaṁ—Which are the states that are bad?ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye saṅkhārakkhandho hoti …pe… When a bad thought has arisen which is accompanied by indifference, and associated with views and opinions, and has as its object a sight, a sound, a smell, a taste, a touch, a [mental] state, or what not, then there isime dhammā akusalā.

contact,feeling,perception,volition,consciousness,applied, andsustained thought,indifference,self-collectedness;Katame dhammā akusalā? contact,Yasmiṁ samaye akusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti upekkhāsahagataṁ diṭṭhigatasampayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena rūpārammaṇaṁ vā …pe… feeling,dhammārammaṇaṁ vā yaṁ yaṁ vā panārabbha, tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti …pe… avikkhepo hoti …pe… perception,ime dhammā akusalā.

volition,Katame dhammā akusalā? consciousness,Yasmiṁ samaye akusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti upekkhāsahagataṁ diṭṭhigatavippayuttaṁ rūpārammaṇaṁ vā saddārammaṇaṁ vā gandhārammaṇaṁ vā rasārammaṇaṁ vā phoṭṭhabbārammaṇaṁ vā dhammārammaṇaṁ vā yaṁ yaṁ vā panārabbha, tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti, vedanā hoti, saññā hoti, cetanā hoti, cittaṁ hoti, vitakko hoti, vicāro hoti, upekkhā hoti, cittassekaggatā hoti, vīriyindriyaṁ hoti, samādhindriyaṁ hoti, manindriyaṁ hoti, upekkhindriyaṁ hoti, jīvitindriyaṁ hoti, micchāsaṅkappo hoti, micchāvāyāmo hoti, micchāsamādhi hoti, vīriyabalaṁ hoti, samādhibalaṁ hoti, ahirikabalaṁ hoti, anottappabalaṁ hoti, lobho hoti, moho hoti, abhijjhā hoti, ahirikaṁ hoti, anottappaṁ hoti, samatho hoti, paggāho hoti, avikkhepo hoti; applied, andye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—sustained thought,ime dhammā akusalā …pe….

indifference,Tasmiṁ kho pana samaye cattāro khandhā honti, dvāyatanāni honti, dve dhātuyo honti, tayo āhārā honti, pañcindriyāni honti, caturaṅgikaṁ jhānaṁ hoti, tivaṅgiko maggo hoti, cattāri balāni honti, dve hetū honti, eko phasso hoti …pe… ekaṁ dhammāyatanaṁ hoti, ekā dhammadhātu hoti; self-collectedness;ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—the faculties ofime dhammā akusalā …pe….

energy,concentration,mind,indifference,life;Katamo tasmiṁ samaye saṅkhārakkhandho hoti? energy,Phasso cetanā vitakko vicāro cittassekaggatā vīriyindriyaṁ samādhindriyaṁ jīvitindriyaṁ micchāsaṅkappo micchāvāyāmo micchāsamādhi vīriyabalaṁ samādhibalaṁ ahirikabalaṁ anottappabalaṁ lobho moho abhijjhā ahirikaṁ anottappaṁ samatho paggāho avikkhepo; concentration,ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā ṭhapetvā vedanākkhandhaṁ ṭhapetvā saññākkhandhaṁ ṭhapetvā viññāṇakkhandhaṁ—mind,ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye saṅkhārakkhandho hoti …pe… indifference,ime dhammā akusalā.

life;Katame dhammā akusalā? wrong views,wrong intention,wrong endeavour,wrong concentration;Yasmiṁ samaye akusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti upekkhāsahagataṁ diṭṭhigatavippayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena rūpārammaṇaṁ vā …pe… wrong views,dhammārammaṇaṁ vā yaṁ yaṁ vā panārabbha, tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti …pe… avikkhepo hoti …pe… wrong intention,ime dhammā akusalā.

wrong endeavour,Katame dhammā akusalā? wrong concentration;Yasmiṁ samaye akusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti domanassasahagataṁ paṭighasampayuttaṁ rūpārammaṇaṁ vā saddārammaṇaṁ vā gandhārammaṇaṁ vā rasārammaṇaṁ vā phoṭṭhabbārammaṇaṁ vā dhammārammaṇaṁ vā yaṁ yaṁ vā panārabbha, tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti, vedanā hoti, saññā hoti, cetanā hoti, cittaṁ hoti, vitakko hoti, vicāro hoti, dukkhaṁ hoti, cittassekaggatā hoti, vīriyindriyaṁ hoti, samādhindriyaṁ hoti, manindriyaṁ hoti, domanassindriyaṁ hoti, jīvitindriyaṁ hoti, micchāsaṅkappo hoti, micchāvāyāmo hoti, micchāsamādhi hoti, vīriyabalaṁ hoti, samādhibalaṁ hoti, ahirikabalaṁ hoti, anottappabalaṁ hoti, doso hoti, moho hoti, byāpādo hoti, ahirikaṁ hoti, anottappaṁ hoti, samatho hoti, paggāho hoti, avikkhepo hoti; the powers ofye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—energy,concentration,unconscientiousness,disregard of blame;ime dhammā akusalā.

energy,Katamo tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti? concentration,Yo tasmiṁ samaye phasso phusanā samphusanā samphusitattaṁ—unconscientiousness,ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti.

disregard of blame;Katamā tasmiṁ samaye vedanā hoti? lust,dullness,covetousness,wrong views,Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātusamphassajaṁ cetasikaṁ asātaṁ cetasikaṁ dukkhaṁ cetosamphassajaṁ asātaṁ dukkhaṁ vedayitaṁ cetosamphassajā asātā dukkhā vedanā—lust,ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye vedanā hoti …pe….

dullness,Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye dukkhaṁ hoti? covetousness,Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye cetasikaṁ asātaṁ cetasikaṁ dukkhaṁ cetosamphassajaṁ asātaṁ dukkhaṁ vedayitaṁ cetosamphassajā asātā dukkhā vedanā—wrong views,idaṁ tasmiṁ samaye dukkhaṁ hoti …pe….

unconscientiousness,disregard of blame,composure,grasp,balance.Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye domanassindriyaṁ hoti? unconscientiousness,Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye cetasikaṁ asātaṁ cetasikaṁ dukkhaṁ cetosamphassajaṁ asātaṁ dukkhaṁ vedayitaṁ cetosamphassajā asātā dukkhā vedanā—disregard of blame,idaṁ tasmiṁ samaye domanassindriyaṁ hoti …pe….

composure,Katamo tasmiṁ samaye doso hoti? grasp,Yo tasmiṁ samaye doso dussanā dussitattaṁ byāpatti byāpajjanā byāpajjitattaṁ virodho paṭivirodho caṇḍikkaṁ asuropo anattamanatā cittassa—balance.ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye doso hoti …pe….

These, or whatever other incorporeal, causally induced states there are on that occasion—these are states that are bad.Katamo tasmiṁ samaye byāpādo hoti? Questions and answers on “contact”, “feeling”, “indifference”, and “the faculty of indifference” identical with those in§§ 151–154.Yo tasmiṁ samaye doso dussanā dussitattaṁ byāpatti byāpajjanā byāpajjitattaṁ virodho paṭivirodho caṇḍikkaṁ asuropo anattamanatā cittassa—Summaryayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye byāpādo hoti …pe… Now, at that timeye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—the skandhas are four,etc.the faculties are five,the Jhāna is fourfold,the Path is fourfold,etc.ime dhammā akusalā.

the skandhas are four,Tasmiṁ kho pana samaye cattāro khandhā honti, dvāyatanāni honti, dve dhātuyo honti, tayo āhārā honti, pañcindriyāni honti, caturaṅgikaṁ jhānaṁ hoti, tivaṅgiko maggo hoti, cattāri balāni honti, dve hetū honti, eko phasso hoti …pe… ekaṁ dhammāyatanaṁ hoti, ekā dhammadhātu hoti; the faculties are five,ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—the Jhāna is fourfold,ime dhammā akusalā …pe….

the Path is fourfold,Katamo tasmiṁ samaye saṅkhārakkhandho hoti? [Continue as in§ 58.]Phasso cetanā vitakko vicāro cittassekaggatā vīriyindriyaṁ samādhindriyaṁ jīvitindriyaṁ micchāsaṅkappo micchāvāyāmo micchāsamādhi vīriyabalaṁ samādhibalaṁ ahirikabalaṁ anottappabalaṁ doso moho byāpādo ahirikaṁ anottappaṁ samatho paggāho avikkhepo; What on that occasion is the skandha of synergies?ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā ṭhapetvā vedanākkhandhaṁ ṭhapetvā saññākkhandhaṁ ṭhapetvā viññāṇakkhandhaṁ—Contact,volition,applied, andsustained thought,zest,self-collectedness,etc.ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye saṅkhārakkhandho hoti …pe… Contact,ime dhammā akusalā.

volition,Katame dhammā akusalā? applied, andYasmiṁ samaye akusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti domanassasahagataṁ paṭighasampayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena rūpārammaṇaṁ vā …pe… sustained thought,dhammārammaṇaṁ vā yaṁ yaṁ vā panārabbha, tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti …pe… avikkhepo hoti …pe… zest,ime dhammā akusalā.

self-collectedness,Katame dhammā akusalā? [Continue as in§ 398, “joy” having been omitted as incompatible with “disinterestedness”.]Yasmiṁ samaye akusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti upekkhāsahagataṁ vicikicchāsampayuttaṁ rūpārammaṇaṁ vā saddārammaṇaṁ vā gandhārammaṇaṁ vā rasārammaṇaṁ vā phoṭṭhabbārammaṇaṁ vā dhammārammaṇaṁ vā yaṁ yaṁ vā panārabbha, tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti, vedanā hoti, saññā hoti, cetanā hoti, cittaṁ hoti, vitakko hoti, vicāro hoti, upekkhā hoti, cittassekaggatā hoti, vīriyindriyaṁ hoti, manindriyaṁ hoti, upekkhindriyaṁ hoti, jīvitindriyaṁ hoti, micchāsaṅkappo hoti, micchāvāyāmo hoti, vīriyabalaṁ hoti, ahirikabalaṁ hoti, anottappabalaṁ hoti, vicikicchā hoti, moho hoti, ahirikaṁ hoti, anottappaṁ hoti, paggāho hoti; 6. With Indifference, with Views, Instigatedye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—Which are the states that are bad?ime dhammā akusalā.

When a bad thought has arisen which is accompanied by indifference, is associated with views and opinions, andis instigated, and which has as its object a sight … or what not, then there is contact, etc.Katamo tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti? [Continue as in Thought 5.]Yo tasmiṁ samaye phasso phusanā samphusanā samphusitattaṁ—7. With Indifference, without Viewsayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti …pe….

Which are the states that are bad?Katamā tasmiṁ samaye cittassekaggatā hoti? When a bad thought has arisen which is accompanied by indifference, and disconnected with views and opinions, and which has as its object a sight … or what not, then there is contact, etc.Yā tasmiṁ samaye cittassa ṭhiti—[Continue as in Thought 5., omitting “wrong views”.]ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye cittassekaggatā hoti …pe….

SummaryKatamā tasmiṁ samaye vicikicchā hoti? Now, at that timeYā tasmiṁ samaye kaṅkhā kaṅkhāyanā kaṅkhāyitattaṁ vimati vicikicchā dveḷhakaṁ dvedhāpatho saṁsayo anekaṁsaggāho āsappanā parisappanā apariyogāhanā thambhitattaṁ cittassa manovilekho—the skandhas are four,etc.the faculties are five,the Jhāna is fourfold,the Path is threefold,etc.ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye vicikicchā hoti …pe… the skandhas are four,ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—the faculties are five,ime dhammā akusalā.

the Jhāna is fourfold,Tasmiṁ kho pana samaye cattāro khandhā honti, dvāyatanāni honti, dve dhātuyo honti, tayo āhārā honti, cattāri indriyāni honti, caturaṅgikaṁ jhānaṁ hoti, duvaṅgiko maggo hoti, tīṇi balāni honti, eko hetu hoti, eko phasso hoti …pe… ekaṁ dhammāyatanaṁ hoti, ekā dhammadhātu hoti; the Path is threefold,ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—[Continue as in§ 397a.]ime dhammā akusalā …pe….

What on that occasion is the skandha of synergies?Katamo tasmiṁ samaye saṅkhārakkhandho hoti? Answer as in§ 398, omitting both “zest” and “wrong views”.Phasso cetanā vitakko vicāro cittassekaggatā vīriyindriyaṁ jīvitindriyaṁ micchāsaṅkappo micchāvāyāmo vīriyabalaṁ ahirikabalaṁ anottappabalaṁ vicikicchā moho ahirikaṁ anottappaṁ paggāho; 8. With Indifference, without Views, Instigatedye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā ṭhapetvā vedanākkhandhaṁ ṭhapetvā saññākkhandhaṁ ṭhapetvā viññāṇakkhandhaṁ—Which are the states that are bad?ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye saṅkhārakkhandho hoti …pe… Answer as in Thought 7., with the additional factor inserted, as in Thoughts 2., 4., 6., of “is instigated”.ime dhammā akusalā.

9. With Sorrow, RepugnanceKatame dhammā akusalā? Which are the states that are bad?Yasmiṁ samaye akusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti upekkhāsahagataṁ uddhaccasampayuttaṁ rūpārammaṇaṁ vā …pe… When a bad thought has arisen which is accompanied by sorrow and associated with repugnance, and which has as its object a sight, a sound, a smell, a taste, a touch, a mental state, or what not, then there isyaṁ yaṁ vā panārabbha, tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti, vedanā hoti, saññā hoti, cetanā hoti, cittaṁ hoti, vitakko hoti, vicāro hoti, upekkhā hoti, cittassekaggatā hoti, vīriyindriyaṁ hoti, samādhindriyaṁ hoti, manindriyaṁ hoti, upekkhindriyaṁ hoti, jīvitindriyaṁ hoti, micchāsaṅkappo hoti, micchāvāyāmo hoti, micchāsamādhi hoti, vīriyabalaṁ hoti, samādhibalaṁ hoti, ahirikabalaṁ hoti, anottappabalaṁ hoti, uddhaccaṁ hoti, moho hoti, ahirikaṁ hoti, anottappaṁ hoti, samatho hoti, paggāho hoti, avikkhepo hoti; contact,feeling,perception,volition,consciousness,thought,applied, andsustained thought,distress,self-collectedness;ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—contact,ime dhammā akusalā.

feeling,Katamo tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti? perception,Yo tasmiṁ samaye phasso phusanā samphusanā samphusitattaṁ—volition,ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti …pe….

consciousness,Katamaṁ tasmiṁ samaye uddhaccaṁ hoti? thought,Yaṁ tasmiṁ samaye cittassa uddhaccaṁ avūpasamo cetaso vikkhepo bhantattaṁ cittassa—applied, andidaṁ tasmiṁ samaye uddhaccaṁ hoti …pe… sustained thought,ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—distress,ime dhammā akusalā.

self-collectedness;Tasmiṁ kho pana samaye cattāro khandhā honti, dvāyatanāni honti, dve dhātuyo honti, tayo āhārā honti, pañcindriyāni honti, caturaṅgikaṁ jhānaṁ hoti, tivaṅgiko maggo hoti, cattāri balāni honti, eko hetu hoti, eko phasso hoti …pe… ekaṁ dhammāyatanaṁ hoti, ekā dhammadhātu hoti; the faculties ofye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā—energy,concentration,mind,sorrow,life;ime dhammā akusalā …pe….

energy,Katamo tasmiṁ samaye saṅkhārakkhandho hoti? concentration,Phasso cetanā vitakko vicāro cittassekaggatā vīriyindriyaṁ samādhindriyaṁ jīvitindriyaṁ micchāsaṅkappo micchāvāyāmo micchāsamādhi vīriyabalaṁ samādhibalaṁ ahirikabalaṁ anottappabalaṁ uddhaccaṁ moho ahirikaṁ anottappaṁ samatho paggāho avikkhepo; mind,ye vā pana tasmiṁ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā ṭhapetvā vedanākkhandhaṁ ṭhapetvā saññākkhandhaṁ ṭhapetvā viññāṇakkhandhaṁ—sorrow,ayaṁ tasmiṁ samaye saṅkhārakkhandho hoti …pe… life;ime dhammā akusalā.

wrong intention,wrong endeavour,wrong concentration;Dvādasa akusalacittāni.