1. How is a person who is once drowned just drowned?Kathañca puggalo sakiṁ nimuggo nimuggova hoti? Here a certain person is possessed of absolutely black immoral qualities. Such a person being once drowned is just drowned.Idhekacco puggalo samannāgato hoti ekantakāḷakehi akusalehi dhammehi. How is a person drowned after emergence?Evaṁ puggalo sakiṁ nimuggo nimuggova hoti.

Here a certain person emerges with faith, with modesty, with conscientiousness, with energy, with insight, as regards good (moral) qualities, but his faith, his modesty, conscientiousness, energy, or insight neither persists nor grows, but decreases. Such a person is drowned after emergence.Kathañca puggalo ummujjitvā nimujjati? How does a person persist after emergence?Idhekacco puggalo ummujjati “sāhu saddhā kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu hirī kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu ottappaṁ kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu vīriyaṁ kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu paññā kusalesu dhammesū”ti. Here a certain person emerges with faith, with modesty, with conscientiousness, with energy, with insight, as regards good qualities, and his faith, his modesty, conscientiousness, energy, or insight neither decreases nor grows, but persists. Such a person persists after emergence.Tassa sā saddhā neva tiṭṭhati no vaḍḍhati hāyatiyeva, tassa sā hirī neva tiṭṭhati no vaḍḍhati hāyatiyeva, tassa taṁ ottappaṁ neva tiṭṭhati no vaḍḍhati hāyatiyeva, tassa taṁ vīriyaṁ neva tiṭṭhati no vaḍḍhati hāyatiyeva, tassa sā paññā neva tiṭṭhati no vaḍḍhati hāyatiyeva. How does a person look about and around after emergence?Evaṁ puggalo ummujjitvā nimujjati.

Here a certain person emerges with faith, with modesty, with conscientiousness, with energy or with insight, as regards good qualities. By complete destruction of three fetters he becomes a stream-attainer, no more liable to fall into a woeful state, but sure to win enlightenment (sambodhi) as his final end and aim. Such a person looks about and around after emergence.Kathañca puggalo ummujjitvā ṭhito hoti? How does a person swim on after (patarati) emergence?Idhekacco puggalo ummujjati “sāhu saddhā kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu hirī kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu ottappaṁ kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu vīriyaṁ kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu paññā kusalesu dhammesū”ti. Here a certain person emerges with faith, with modesty, with conscientiousness, with energy or with insight, as regards good qualities. By complete destruction of three fetters and by the destruction of passion, hatred, and delusion he becomes a once-returner, who coming back but once to this world makes an end of suffering. Such a person swims on after emergence.Tassa sā saddhā neva hāyati no vaḍḍhati ṭhitā hoti, tassa sā hirī neva hāyati no vaḍḍhati ṭhitā hoti, tassa taṁ ottappaṁ neva hāyati no vaḍḍhati ṭhitaṁ hoti, tassa taṁ vīriyaṁ neva hāyati no vaḍḍhati ṭhitaṁ hoti, tassa sā paññā neva hāyati no vaḍḍhati ṭhitā hoti. How does a person reach a fixed footing after emergence?Evaṁ puggalo ummujjitvā ṭhito hoti.

Here a certain person emerges with faith, with modesty, with conscientiousness, with energy or with insight, as regards good qualities. By complete destruction of five fetters causing rebirth in the lower regions, he becomes a being of apparitional rebirth, attaining the final release in that state, and is not liable to return from that world. Such a person reaches a fixed footing after emergence.Kathañca puggalo ummujjitvā vipassati viloketi? What sort of person is he who as a true brahmin after emergence crosses to the other shore and establishes himself in fruition?Idhekacco puggalo ummujjati “sāhu saddhā kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu hirī kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu ottappaṁ kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu vīriyaṁ kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu paññā kusalesu dhammesū”ti. Here a certain person emerges with faith, with modesty, with conscientiousness, with energy or with insight, as regards good qualities. By destruction of sinful tendencies, he lives in possession of emancipation of will, of emancipation of insight, free from those sinful tendencies and having come to know and realise them by his own efforts in this very existence. Such a person is a true brahmin crossing after emergence and going to the other shore and establishing himself in fruition.So tiṇṇaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyano. 2. What sort of person is emancipated in both ways?Evaṁ puggalo ummujjitvā vipassati viloketi.

Here a certain person goes on himself experiencing the eight stages of emancipation, and having seen them by insight, his sinful tendencies are completely destroyed. Such a person is emancipated in both ways.Kathañca puggalo ummujjitvā patarati? What sort of person is emancipated by way of insight?Idhekacco puggalo ummujjati “sāhu saddhā kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu hirī kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu ottappaṁ kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu vīriyaṁ kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu paññā kusalesu dhammesū”ti. Here a certain person, without himself experiencing the eight stages of emancipation but having perceived them through insight, has his sinful tendencies completely destroyed. Such a person is emancipated by way of insight.So tiṇṇaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṁ tanuttā sakadāgāmī hoti sakideva imaṁ lokaṁ āgantvā dukkhassantakaro hoti. What sort of person is an “eye-witness”?Evaṁ puggalo ummujjitvā patarati.

Here a person goes on himself experiencing the eight stages of emancipation and having perceived them through insight, some of his sinful tendencies are completely destroyed. Such a person is an “eye-witness”.Kathañca puggalo ummujjitvā patigādhappatto hoti? What sort of person is “one who has won vision”?Idhekacco puggalo ummujjati “sāhu saddhā kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu hirī kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu ottappaṁ kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu vīriyaṁ kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu paññā kusalesu dhammesū”ti. Here a person truly understands that this is suffering, that this is the genesis of suffering, that this is the cessation of suffering, and that this is the path leading to the cessation of suffering. The doctrines promulgated by theTathāgataare perceived by him through insight as well as practised, and he having seen them through insight, some of his sinful tendencies are completely destroyed. Such a person is one who has won vision.So pañcannaṁ orambhāgiyānaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. What sort of person is emancipated by faith?Evaṁ puggalo ummujjitvā paṭigādhappatto hoti.

Here a person truly understands that this is suffering, that this is the genesis of suffering, that this is the cessation of suffering, and that this is the path leading to the cessation of suffering. The doctrines promulgated by theTathāgataare perceived by him through insight as well as practised, and he having seen them through insight, some of his sinful tendencies are completely destroyed, though not in the same way as in the case of one who has won vision. Such a person is emancipated by faith.Kathañca puggalo ummujjitvā tiṇṇo hoti pāraṅgato thale tiṭṭhati brāhmaṇo? What sort of person is one conforming to the Norm?Idhekacco puggalo ummujjati “sāhu saddhā kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu hirī kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu ottappaṁ kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu vīriyaṁ kusalesu dhammesu, sādhu paññā kusalesu dhammesū”ti. The faculty of insight of a person proceeding to realise the fruition-stage of a stream-attainer develops to a large extent; he cultivates the noble path which carries with it reason and is preceded by faith. Such a person is said to be one conforming to the Norm. Such a person striving after the fruition stage of a stream-attainer is one conforming to the Norm; while the same person established in the fruition is one who has won vision.So āsavānaṁ khayā anāsavaṁ cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. What sort of person is one conforming to faith?Evaṁ puggalo ummujjitvā tiṇṇo hoti pāraṅgato thale tiṭṭhati brāhmaṇo.

The faith-faculty proceeding to realise the fruition stage of a stream-attainer develops to a large extent. He cultivates the noble path which carries with it faith and is preceded by faith. Such a person is said to be one conforming to faith. Such a person striving after the fruition stage of a stream-attainer is one conforming to faith; while the same person established in the fruition is emancipated by faith.Katamo ca puggalo ubhatobhāgavimutto? Here ends the specification of grouping by Seven.Idhekacco puggalo aṭṭha vimokkhe kāyena phusitvā viharati paññāya cassa disvā āsavā parikkhīṇā honti. Designation of Human Types, a translation of the Puggalapaññatti byBimala Charan Law.Ayaṁ vuccati puggalo ubhatobhāgavimutto.

Bimala Charan LawKatamo ca puggalo paññāvimutto …pe….

Published by the Pali Text Society in1924. Reprinted 1969, 1979, 1992, 2006.Kāyasakkhī ….

Released by the Pali Text Society under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 licence (CC BY-NC 3.0) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/.Diṭṭhippatto ….

This SuttaCentral edition is based on the LaTeX edition prepared byManfred WierichandJosef Wilgen, proofread byAriya Baumann, converted to HTML byBhikkhu Sujato,Ven. VimalaandAminah Borg-Luck.Saddhāvimutto ….

Manfred WierichDhammānusārī ….

Josef WilgenKatamo ca puggalo saddhānusārī? Ariya BaumannYassa puggalassa sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipannassa saddhindriyaṁ adhimattaṁ hoti, saddhāvāhiṁ saddhāpubbaṅgamaṁ ariyamaggaṁ bhāveti. Ven. VimalaAyaṁ vuccati puggalo saddhānusārī. Aminah Borg-LuckSotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno puggalo saddhānusārī, phale ṭhito saddhāvimuttoti.

Sattakaniddeso.