14. Analysis of the Precepts1. Abhidhammabhājanīya

1. Analysis According to AbhidhammaPañca sikkhāpadāni—The five precepts are: The precept that is abstaining from killing beings; the precept that is abstaining from taking that which is not given; the precept that is abstaining from sexual misconduct; the precept that is abstaining from false speech; the precept that is abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness.pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ, adinnādānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ, musāvādā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ.

Therein what is the precept that isabstaining from killing beings? At the time when, in one abstaining from killing beings, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by mental pleasure, associated with knowledge; that which at that time is avoiding, desisting from, refraining from, abstaining from, not committing, not doing, being guiltless of, not over-stepping the limit of, destroying the causeway to killing beings. This is called the precept that is abstaining from killing beings. (As also are) The remaining states associated with the abstention.Tattha katamaṁ pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? abstaining from killing beingsYasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ pāṇātipātā viramantassa, yā tasmiṁ samaye pāṇātipātā ārati virati paṭivirati veramaṇī akiriyā akaraṇaṁ anajjhāpatti velāanatikkamo setughāto—Therein what is the precept that isabstaining from killing beings? At the time when, in one abstaining from killing beings, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by mental pleasure, associated with knowledge; that which at that time is volition, being volitional, state of being volitional. This is called the precept that is abstaining from killing beings. (As also are) The remaining states associated with the volition.idaṁ vuccati “pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”. abstaining from killing beingsAvasesā dhammā veramaṇiyā sampayuttā.

Therein what is the precept that isabstaining from killing beings? At the time when, in one abstaining from killing beings, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by mental pleasure, associated with knowledge; that which at that time is contact,* exertion, non-wavering. This is called the precept that is abstaining from killing beings.Tattha katamaṁ pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? abstaining from killing beingsYasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ pāṇātipātā viramantassa, yā tasmiṁ samaye cetanā sañcetanā sañcetayitattaṁ—* See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.idaṁ vuccati “pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”. * See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.Avasesā dhammā cetanāya sampayuttā.

Thereinwhat is the precept that isabstaining from killing beings? At the time when, in one abstaining from killing beings, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by mental pleasure, associated with knowledge, with instigation.* Accompanied by mental pleasure, not associated with knowledge.*Accompanied by mental pleasure, not associated with knowledge, with instigation.* Accompanied by indifference, associated with knowledge.* Accompanied by indifference, associated with knowledge, with instigation.* Accompanied by indifference, not associated with knowledge.* Accompanied by indifference, not associated with knowledge, with instigation; that which at that time is avoiding, desisting from, refraining from, abstaining from, not committing, not doing, being guiltless of, not over-stepping the limit of, destroying the causeway to killing beings. This is called the precept that is abstaining from killing beings. (As also are) The remaining states associated with the abstention.Tattha katamaṁ pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? abstaining from killing beingsYasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ pāṇātipātā viramantassa, yo tasmiṁ samaye phasso …pe… paggāho avikkhepo—* Each should read with the same introductory and completing sections of this paragraph.idaṁ vuccati “pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”.

* Each should read with the same introductory and completing sections of this paragraph.Tattha katamaṁ pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? Therein what is the precept that isabstaining from killing beings? At the time when, in one abstaining from killing beings, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by indifference, not associated with knowledge, with instigation; that which at that time is volition, being volitional, state of being volitional. This is called the precept that is abstaining from killing beings. (As also are) The remaining states associated with the volition.Yasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena …pe… abstaining from killing beingssomanassasahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ …pe… Therein what is the precept that isabstaining from killing beings? At the time when, in one abstaining from killing beings, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by indifference, not associated with knowledge, with instigation; there is contact,* exertion, non-wavering. This is called the precept that is abstaining from killing beings.somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena …pe… abstaining from killing beingsupekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ …pe… * See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena …pe… * See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ …pe… Therein what is the precept that is abstaining fromtaking that which is not given.* The precept that isabstaining from sexual misconduct.* The precept that isabstaining from|false speech.* The precept that isabstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness? At the time when, in one abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by mental pleasure, associated with knowledge; that which at that time is avoiding, desisting from, refraining from, abstaining from, not committing, not doing, being guiltless of, not over-stepping the limit of, destroying the causeway to intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness. This is called the precept that is abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness. (As also are) The remaining states associated with the abstention.upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena pāṇātipātā viramantassa, yā tasmiṁ samaye pāṇātipātā ārati virati paṭivirati veramaṇī akiriyā akaraṇaṁ anajjhāpatti velāanatikkamo setughāto—taking that which is not givenidaṁ vuccati “pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”. abstaining from sexual misconductAvasesā dhammā veramaṇiyā sampayuttā.

abstaining fromTattha katamaṁ pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? false speechYasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena pāṇātipātā viramantassa, yā tasmiṁ samaye cetanā sañcetanā sañcetayitattaṁ—abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessnessidaṁ vuccati “pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”. * The individual precepts should be dealt with in the same manner as the final one.Avasesā dhammā cetanāya sampayuttā.

* The individual precepts should be dealt with in the same manner as the final one.Tattha katamaṁ pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? Therein what is the precept that isabstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness? At the time when, in one abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises,accompanied by mental pleasure, associated with knowledge; that which at that time is volition, being volition, state of being volitional. This is called the precept that is abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness. (As also are) The remaining states associated with the volition.Yasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena pāṇātipātā viramantassa phasso …pe… paggāho avikkhepo—abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessnessidaṁ vuccati “pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”.

Therein what is the precept that isabstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness? At the time when, in one abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by mental pleasure, associated with knowledge; that which at that time is contact,* exertion, non-wavering. This is called the precept that is abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness.Tattha katamaṁ adinnādānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ …pe… abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessnesskāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ …pe… * See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.musāvādā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ …pe… * See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? Therein what is the precept that isabstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness? At the time when, in one abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by mental pleasure, associated with knowledge, with instigation.* Accompanied by mental|pleasure, not associated with knowledge.* Accompanied by mental pleasure, not associated with knowledge, with instigation.* Accompanied by indifference, associated with knowledge.* Accompanied by indifference, associated with knowledge, with instigation.* Accompanied by indifference, not associated with knowledge.* Accompanied by indifference, not associated with knowledge, with instigation; that which at that time is avoiding, desisting from, refraining from, abstaining from, not committing, not doing, being guiltless of, not over-stepping the limit of, destroying the causeway to intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness. This is called the precept that is abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness. (As also are) The remaining states associated with the abstention.Yasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā viramantassa, yā tasmiṁ samaye surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā ārati virati paṭivirati veramaṇī akiriyā akaraṇaṁ anajjhāpatti velāanatikkamo setughāto—abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessnessidaṁ vuccati “surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”. * Each should be read with the same introductory and completing sections of this paragraphAvasesā dhammā veramaṇiyā sampayuttā.

* Each should be read with the same introductory and completing sections of this paragraphTattha katamaṁ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ, yasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā viramantassa, yā tasmiṁ samaye cetanā sañcetanā sañcetayitattaṁ—Therein what is the precept that isabstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness? At the time when, in one abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by indifference, not associated with knowledge, with instigation; that which at that time is volition, being volitional, state of being volitional. This is called the precept that is abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness. (As also are) The remaining states associated with the volition.idaṁ vuccati “surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”. abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessnessAvasesā dhammā cetanāya sampayuttā.

Therein what is the precept that isabstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness? At the time when, in one abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by indifference, not associated with knowledge, with instigation;that which at that time is contact,* exertion, non-wavering. This is called the precept that is abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness.Tattha katamaṁ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessnessYasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā viramantassa, yo tasmiṁ samaye phasso …pe… paggāho avikkhepo—* See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.idaṁ vuccati “surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”.

* See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.Tattha katamaṁ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? The five precepts are: The precept that is abstaining from killing beings; the precept that is abstaining from taking that which is not given; the precept that is abstaining from sexual misconduct;|the precept that is abstaining from false speech; the precept that is abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness.Yasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena …pe… Therein what is the precept that isabstaining from killing beings? At the time when, in one abstaining from killing beings, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by mental pleasure, associated with knowledge, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having wish dominant; having energy dominant; having consciousness dominant; having reason dominant; having wish dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having energy dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having consciousness dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having reason dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; that which at that time is avoiding, desisting from, refraining from, abstaining from, not committing, not doing, being guiltless of, not over-stepping the limit of, destroying the causeway to killing beings. This is called the precept that is abstaining from killing beings. (As also are) The remaining states associated with the abstention.somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ …pe… abstaining from killing beingssomanassasahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena …pe… Therein what is the precept that isabstaining from killing beings? At the time when, in one abstaining from killing beings, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by mental pleasure, associated with knowledge, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having wish dominant; having energy dominant; having consciousness dominant; having reason dominant; having wish dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having energy dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having consciousness dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having reason dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; that which at that time is volition, being volitional, state of being volitional. This is called the precept that is abstaining from killing beings. (As also are) The remaining states associated with the volition.upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ …pe… abstaining from killing beingsupekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena …pe… Therein what is the precept that isabstaining from killing beings?At the time when, in one abstaining from killing beings, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by mental pleasure, associated with knowledge, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having wish dominant; having energy dominant; having consciousness dominant; having reason|dominant; having wish dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having energy dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having consciousness dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having reason dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; that which at that time is contact,* exertion, non-wavering. This is called the precept that is abstaining from killing beings.upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ …pe… abstaining from killing beingsupekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā viramantassa, yā tasmiṁ samaye surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā ārati virati paṭivirati veramaṇī akiriyā akaraṇaṁ anajjhāpatti velāanatikkamo setughāto—* See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.idaṁ vuccati “surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”. * See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.Avasesā dhammā veramaṇiyā sampayuttā.

Therein what is the precept that isabstaining from killing beings? At the time when, in one abstaining from killing beings, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by mental pleasure, associated with knowledge, with instigation.* Accompanied by mental pleasure, not associated with knowledge.* Accompanied by mental pleasure, not associated with knowledge, with instigation.* Accompanied by indifference, associated with knowledge.* Accompanied by indifference, associated with knowledge, with instigation.* Accompanied by indifference, not associated with knowledge.* Accompanied by indifference, not associated with knowledge, with instigation, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having wish dominant; having energy dominant; having consciousness dominant; having wish dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having energy dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having consciousness dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; that which at that time is avoiding, desisting from, refraining from, abstaining from, not committing, not doing, being guiltless of, not over-stepping the limit of, destroying the causeway to killing beings. This is called the precept that is abstaining from killing beings. (As also are) The remaining states associated with the abstention.*2(As also are) The remaining states associated with the volition.*3Contact,*4exertion, non-wavering. This is called the precept that is abstaining from killing beings.Tattha katamaṁ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? abstaining from killing beingsYasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā viramantassa, yā tasmiṁ samaye cetanā sañcetanā sañcetayitattaṁ—* Each should be read with the same introductory and appropriate completing sections of this paragraph*2This whole paragraph is repeated but with the ending for volition.*3This whole paragraph is repeated but with the ending for contact, etc.*4See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.idaṁ vuccati “surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”. * Each should be read with the same introductory and appropriate completing sections of this paragraphAvasesā dhammā cetanāya sampayuttā.

*2This whole paragraph is repeated but with the ending for volition.Tattha katamaṁ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? *3This whole paragraph is repeated but with the ending for contact, etc.Yasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā viramantassa, yo tasmiṁ samaye phasso …pe… paggāho avikkhepo—*4See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.idaṁ vuccati “surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”.

Therein what is the precept that isabstaining from taking that which is not given?* The precept that isabstaining from|sexual misconduct.* The precept that isabstaining from false speech.* The precept that isabstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness? At the time when, in one abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by mental pleasure, associated with knowledge, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having wish dominant; having energy dominant; having consciousness dominant; having reason dominant; having wish dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior;having energy dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having consciousness dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having reason dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; that which at that time is avoiding, desisting from, refraining from, abstaining from, not committing, not doing, being guiltless of, not over-stepping the limit of, destroying the causeway to intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness. This is called the precept that is abstaining from beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness. (As also are) The remaining states associated with the abstention.*2(As also are) The remaining states associated with the volition.*3Contact,*4exertion, non-wavering. This is called the precept that is abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness.Pañca sikkhāpadāni—abstaining from taking that which is not givenpāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ, adinnādānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ, musāvādā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ.

abstaining fromTattha katamaṁ pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? sexual misconductYasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … chandādhipateyyaṁ … vīriyādhipateyyaṁ … cittādhipateyyaṁ … vīmaṁsādhipateyyaṁ … chandādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … vīriyādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … cittādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … vīmaṁsādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ pāṇātipātā viramantassa, yā tasmiṁ samaye pāṇātipātā ārati virati paṭivirati veramaṇī akiriyā akaraṇaṁ anajjhāpatti velāanatikkamo setughāto—abstaining from false speechidaṁ vuccati “pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”. abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessnessAvasesā dhammā veramaṇiyā sampayuttā.

* The individual precepts should be dealt with in the same manner as the final one.*2This whole paragraph is repeated but with the ending for volition.*3This whole paragraph is repeated but with the ending for contact, etc.*4See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.Tattha katamaṁ pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? * The individual precepts should be dealt with in the same manner as the final one.Yasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … chandādhipateyyaṁ … vīriyādhipateyyaṁ … cittādhipateyyaṁ … vīmaṁsādhipateyyaṁ … chandādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … vīriyādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … cittādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … vīmaṁsādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ pāṇātipātā viramantassa, yā tasmiṁ samaye cetanā sañcetanā sañcetayitattaṁ—*2This whole paragraph is repeated but with the ending for volition.idaṁ vuccati “pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”. *3This whole paragraph is repeated but with the ending for contact, etc.Avasesā dhammā cetanāya sampayuttā.

*4See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.Tattha katamaṁ pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? Therein what is the precept that isabstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness? At the time when, in one abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness, good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by mental pleasure, associated with knowledge, with instigation.* Accompanied by mental pleasure, not associated with knowledge.* Accompanied by mental pleasure, not associated with knowledge, with instigation.* Accompanied by indifference, associated with knowledge.* Accompanied by indifference, associated with knowledge, with instigation.* Accompanied by indifference, not associated with|knowledge.* Accompanied by indifference, not associated with knowledge, with instigation, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having wish dominant; having energy dominant; having consciousness dominant; having wish dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having energy dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; having consciousness dominant, inferior, intermediate (or) superior; that which at that time is avoiding, desisting from, refraining from, abstaining from, not committing, not doing, being guiltless of, not over-stepping the limit of, destroying the causeway to intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness. This is called the precept that is abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness. (As also are) The remaining states associated with the abstention.*2(As also are) The remaining states associated with the volition.*3Contact,*4exertion, non-wavering. This is called the precept that is abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness.Yasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … chandādhipateyyaṁ … vīriyādhipateyyaṁ … cittādhipateyyaṁ … vīmaṁsādhipateyyaṁ … chandādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … vīriyādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … cittādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … vīmaṁsādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ pāṇātipātā viramantassa, yo tasmiṁ samaye phasso …pe… paggāho avikkhepo—abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessnessidaṁ vuccati “pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”.

* Each should be read with the same introductory and appropriate completing sections of this paragraph*2This whole paragraph is repeated but with the ending for volition.*3This whole paragraph is repeated but with the ending for contact, etc.*4See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.Tattha katamaṁ pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? * Each should be read with the same introductory and appropriate completing sections of this paragraphYasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena …pe… *2This whole paragraph is repeated but with the ending for volition.somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ …pe… *3This whole paragraph is repeated but with the ending for contact, etc.somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena …pe… *4See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ …pe… What states are preceptive? At the time when good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by mental pleasure, associated with knowledge, having visible object,* ideational object or is concerned with whatever (object); at that time there is contact,*2there is non-wavering. These states are preceptive.upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena …pe… * Intermediate sense objects.*2See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ …pe… * Intermediate sense objects.upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … chandādhipateyyaṁ … vīriyādhipateyyaṁ … cittādhipateyyaṁ … chandādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … vīriyādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … cittādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ pāṇātipātā viramantassa, yā tasmiṁ samaye pāṇātipātā ārati virati paṭivirati veramaṇī akiriyā akaraṇaṁ anajjhāpatti velāanatikkamo setughāto—*2See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.idaṁ vuccati “pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”. What states are preceptive? At the time when good consciousness characteristic of the plane of desire arises, accompanied by mental pleasure, associated with knowledge, with instigation.* Accompanied by mental pleasure, not associated with knowledge.* Accompanied by mental pleasure, not associated with knowledge, with instigation.* Accompanied by indifference, associated with knowledge.* Accompanied by indifference, associated with knowledge, with instigation.* Accompanied by indifference, not associated with knowledge.* Accompanied by indifference, not associated with knowledge, with instigation, having|visible object,*2ideational object or is concerned with whatever (object); at that time there is contact,*3there is non-wavering. These states are preceptive.Avasesā dhammā veramaṇiyā sampayuttā …pe… * Each should be read with the same introductory and appropriate completing sections of this paragraph*2Intermediate sense objects.*3See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.avasesā dhammā cetanāya sampayuttā …pe… * Each should be read with the same introductory and appropriate completing sections of this paragraphphasso …pe… paggāho avikkhepo—*2Intermediate sense objects.idaṁ vuccati “pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”.

*3See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph1.Tattha katamaṁ adinnādānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ …pe… What states are preceptive? At the time when he develops the path for rebirth in the plane of form.* Develops the path for rebirth in the formless plane.*2Develops supramundane jhāna tending to release, dispersive of continuing rebirth and death; he, for the abandoning of wrong view, for the entering of the first stage, aloof from sense pleasures,*3attains and dwells in the first jhāna that is hard practice and knowledge slowly acquired; at that time there is contact,*4there is non-wavering. These states are preceptive.kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ …pe… * See appropriate sections of paragraph624.*2See appropriate sections of paragraph626.*3See paragraph205.*4See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph277.musāvādā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ …pe… * See appropriate sections of paragraph624.surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? *2See appropriate sections of paragraph626.Yasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … chandādhipateyyaṁ … vīriyādhipateyyaṁ … cittādhipateyyaṁ … vīmaṁsādhipateyyaṁ … chandādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … vīriyādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … cittādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … vīmaṁsādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā viramantassa, yā tasmiṁ samaye surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā ārati virati paṭivirati veramaṇī akiriyā akaraṇaṁ anajjhāpatti velāanatikkamo setughāto—*3See paragraph205.idaṁ vuccati “surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”. *4See Dhammasaṅgaṇī paragraph277.Avasesā dhammā veramaṇiyā sampayuttā …pe… (Here Ends) Analysis According to Abhidhammaavasesā dhammā cetanāya sampayuttā …pe… 2. Interrogationphasso …pe… paggāho avikkhepo—The five precepts are: The precept that is abstaining from killing beings; the precept that is abstaining from taking that which is not given; the precept that is abstaining from sexual misconduct; the precept that is abstaining from false speech; the precept that is abstaining from intoxicating beers, wines and spirits causing heedlessness.idaṁ vuccati “surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”.

Of the five precepts how many are good; how many bad; how many neither-good-nor-bad.* How many with cause of bewailing; how many without cause of bewailing?Tattha katamaṁ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ? * Remaining appropriate triplets and couplets.Yasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena …pe… * Remaining appropriate triplets and couplets.somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ …pe… 1. The Tripletssomanassasahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena …pe… (The five precepts) Are only good. Sometimes are associated with pleasant feeling; sometimes are associated with neither-|painful-nor-pleasant feeling. Are productive of resultants. Are not grasped (by craving and false view), are objects of the attachments. Are not corrupt, are objects of the corruptions. Are accompanied by initial application, accompanied by sustained application. Sometimes are accompanied by zest; sometimes are accompanied by pleasure; sometimes are accompanied by indifference.upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ …pe… (The five precepts) Are not to be abandoned either by the first path or by the subsequent paths. Have no roots to be abandoned either by the first path or by the subsequent paths.Are cumulative (of continuing rebirth and death). Are neither of the seven supramundane stages nor of the final supramundane stage. Are low. Have low objects. Are intermediate. Are of no fixed (resultant time). Should not be said to have either, path as their object; path as their cause or path as their dominating factor. Sometimes are risen; sometimes are not risen; should not be said to be, bound to arise. Sometimes are past; sometimes are future; sometimes are present. Have present objects. Sometimes are internal; sometimes are external; sometimes are both internal and external. Have external objects. Are not visible, are not impingent.upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena …pe… 2. The Coupletsupekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ …pe… (The five precepts) Are not roots. Are accompanied by roots. Are associated with roots. Should not be said to be, roots also accompanied by roots; (they) are accompanied by roots but are not roots. Should not be said to be, roots also associated with roots; (they) are associated with roots but are not roots. Are not roots, are accompanied by roots. Are with cause. Are conditioned. Are not visible. Are not impingent. Are not material. Are mundane. Are cognizable by one way; are not cognizable by another way.upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … chandādhipateyyaṁ … vīriyādhipateyyaṁ … cittādhipateyyaṁ … chandādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … vīriyādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ … paṇītaṁ … cittādhipateyyaṁ hīnaṁ … majjhimaṁ paṇītaṁ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā viramantassa, yā tasmiṁ samaye surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā ārati virati paṭivirati veramaṇī akiriyā akaraṇaṁ anajjhāpatti velāanatikkamo setughāto—(The five precepts) Are not defilements. Are objects of the defilements. Are not associated with the defilements. Should not be said to be, defilements also objects of the defilements; (they) are objects of the defilements but are not defilements. Should not be said to be, defilements also associated with the defilements or associated with the defilements but are not defilements. Are not associated with the defilements, are objects of the defilements. Are not fetters.* Are not ties.* Are not floods.* Are not bonds.* Are not hindrances.* Are not perversions.* Have objects. Are not consciousness. Are mental concomitants. Are associated|with consciousness. Are conjoined with consciousness. Are generated by consciousness. Are co-existent with consciousness. Accompany consciousness. Are conjoined with, generated by consciousness. Are conjoined with, generated by, co-existent with consciousness. Are conjoined with, generated by, accompany consciousness. Are external. Are not derived. Are not grasped. Are not attachments.* Are not corruptions.*idaṁ vuccati “surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”. * Complete as for defilements in this paragraphAvasesā dhammā veramaṇiyā sampayuttā …pe… * Complete as for defilements in this paragraphavasesā dhammā cetanāya sampayuttā …pe… (The five precepts) Are not to be abandoned by the first path. Are not to be abandoned by the subsequent paths. Have no roots to be abandoned by the first path. Have no roots to be abandoned by the subsequent paths. Are accompanied by initial application. Are accompanied by sustained application. Sometimes are with zest; sometimes are without zest. Sometimes are accompanied by zest; sometimes are not accompanied by zest. Sometimes are accompanied by pleasure; sometimes are not accompanied by pleasure. Sometimes are accompanied by indifference; sometimes are not accompanied by indifference. Are characteristic of the plane of desire. Are not characteristic of the plane of form. Are not characteristic of the formless plane. Are included (i.e. are mundane). Do not tend to release. Are of no fixed (resultant time). Are surpassable. Are without cause of bewailing.phasso …pe… paggāho avikkhepo—(Here Ends) Interrogationidaṁ vuccati “surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ”.

Analysis of the Precepts is EndedKatame dhammā sikkhā? The Book of Analysis, an English translation of the Pali Abhidhamma Vibhaṅga. Translated byPaṭhamkyaw Ashin Thiṭṭila (Seiṭṭhila). Published by Pali Text Society,1969.Yasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ rūpārammaṇaṁ vā …pe… Paṭhamkyaw Ashin Thiṭṭila (Seiṭṭhila)dhammārammaṇaṁ vā yaṁ yaṁ vā panārabbha, tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti …pe… avikkhepo hoti. This SuttaCentral edition was prepared byManfred WierichandVen. Vimalaand proofread byAriya Baumann. Some changes were introduced:Ime dhammā sikkhā.

Manfred WierichKatame dhammā sikkhā? Ven. VimalaYasmiṁ samaye kāmāvacaraṁ kusalaṁ cittaṁ uppannaṁ hoti somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena …pe… Ariya Baumannsomanassasahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ …pe… Internal and external links were added, so that readers can easily click the numerous references.Some abbreviations were expanded.Obvious oversights and errors were corrected, all of them minor.somanassasahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena …pe… Internal and external links were added, so that readers can easily click the numerous references.upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ …pe… Some abbreviations were expanded.upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇasampayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena …pe… Obvious oversights and errors were corrected, all of them minor.upekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ …pe… The pagination of the originalupekkhāsahagataṁ ñāṇavippayuttaṁ sasaṅkhārena rūpārammaṇaṁ vā …pe… This electronic version is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 3.0 licence (CC BY-NC 3.0) as found here:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/dhammārammaṇaṁ vā yaṁ yaṁ vā panārabbha, tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti …pe… avikkhepo hoti. All copyright is owned by the Pali Text Society. See also the statement under http://www.palitext.com/ → Publications → Copyright Announcement. For non-commercial use only.Ime dhammā sikkhā.

Katame dhammā sikkhā? Yasmiṁ samaye rūpūpapattiyā maggaṁ bhāveti …pe… arūpūpapattiyā maggaṁ bhāveti …pe… lokuttaraṁ jhānaṁ bhāveti niyyānikaṁ apacayagāmiṁ diṭṭhigatānaṁ pahānāya paṭhamāya bhūmiyā pattiyā vivicceva kāmehi …pe… paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati dukkhapaṭipadaṁ dandhābhiññaṁ, tasmiṁ samaye phasso hoti …pe… avikkhepo hoti. Ime dhammā sikkhā.

Abhidhammabhājanīyaṁ.

2. Pañhāpucchaka

Pañca sikkhāpadāni—pāṇātipātā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ, adinnādānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ, kāmesumicchācārā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ, musāvādā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā veramaṇī sikkhāpadaṁ.

Pañcannaṁ sikkhāpadānaṁ kati kusalā, kati akusalā, kati abyākatā …pe… kati saraṇā, kati araṇā?

2.1. Tika

Kusalāyeva.

Siyā sukhāya vedanāya sampayuttā, siyā adukkhamasukhāya vedanāya sampayuttā.

Vipākadhammadhammā.

Anupādinnupādāniyā.

Asaṅkiliṭṭhasaṅkilesikā.

Savitakkasavicārā.

Siyā pītisahagatā, siyā sukhasahagatā, siyā upekkhāsahagatā.

Neva dassanena na bhāvanāya pahātabbā.

Neva dassanena na bhāvanāya pahātabbahetukā.

Ācayagāmino.

Nevasekkhanāsekkhā.

Parittā.

Parittārammaṇā.

Majjhimā.

Aniyatā.

Na vattabbā maggārammaṇātipi, maggahetukātipi, maggādhipatinotipi.

Siyā uppannā, siyā anuppannā, na vattabbā uppādinoti.

Siyā atītā, siyā anāgatā, siyā paccuppannā.

Paccuppannārammaṇā.

Siyā ajjhattā, siyā bahiddhā, siyā ajjhattabahiddhā.

Bahiddhārammaṇā.

Anidassanaappaṭighā.

2.2. 2.2 Duka

2.2.1. Hetugocchaka

Na hetū sahetukā, hetusampayuttā. Na vattabbā “hetū ceva sahetukā cā”ti, sahetukā ceva na ca hetū, na vattabbā “hetū ceva hetusampayuttā cā”ti, hetusampayuttā ceva na ca hetū, na hetusahetukā.

2.2.2. Cūḷantaraduka

Sappaccayā, saṅkhatā, anidassanā, appaṭighā, arūpā, lokiyā, kenaci viññeyyā, kenaci na viññeyyā.

2.2.3. Āsavagocchaka

No āsavā, sāsavā, āsavavippayuttā, na vattabbā “āsavā ceva sāsavā cā”ti, sāsavā ceva no ca āsavā, na vattabbā “āsavā ceva āsavasampayuttā cā”tipi, “āsavasampayuttā ceva no ca āsavā”tipi. Āsavavippayuttā sāsavā.

14.2.2.4. Saṁyojanagocchakādi

No saṁyojanā …pe… no ganthā …pe… no oghā …pe… no yogā …pe… no nīvaraṇā …pe… no parāmāsā …pe….

2.2.10. Mahantaraduka

Sārammaṇā, no cittā, cetasikā, cittasampayuttā, cittasaṁsaṭṭhā, cittasamuṭṭhānā, cittasahabhuno, cittānuparivattino, cittasaṁsaṭṭhasamuṭṭhānā, cittasaṁsaṭṭhasamuṭṭhānasahabhuno, cittasaṁsaṭṭhasamuṭṭhānānuparivattino, bāhirā, no upādā, anupādinnā.

14.2.2.11. Upādānagocchakādi

No upādānā …pe… no kilesā …pe… na dassanena pahātabbā, na bhāvanāya pahātabbā, na dassanena pahātabbahetukā, na bhāvanāya pahātabbahetukā, savitakkā, savicārā, siyā sappītikā, siyā appītikā, siyā pītisahagatā, siyā na pītisahagatā, siyā sukhasahagatā, siyā na sukhasahagatā, siyā upekkhāsahagatā, siyā na upekkhāsahagatā, kāmāvacarā, na rūpāvacarā, na arūpāvacarā, pariyāpannā, aniyyānikā, aniyatā, sauttarā, araṇāti.

Pañhāpucchakaṁ.

Sikkhāpadavibhaṅgo niṭṭhito.