- Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law Theravāda Vinaya
- The Great Analysis Mahāvibhaṅga
- The chapter on offenses entailing confession Pācittiyakaṇḍa
- The subchapter on eating Bhojanavagga
38. The training rule on storing 38. Sannidhikārakasikkhāpada
Origin story
At one time the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery. Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. At that time Venerable Belaṭṭhasīsa, Venerable Ānanda’s preceptor, was staying in the wilderness. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato ānandassa upajjhāyo āyasmā belaṭṭhasīso araññe viharati. After walking for alms, he brought plain boiled rice back to the monastery where he dried and stored it. So piṇḍāya caritvā sukkhakuraṁ ārāmaṁ haritvā sukkhāpetvā nikkhipati. Whenever he got hungry, he moistened and ate it. As a result, he only went the village for alms after a long time. Yadā āhārena attho hoti, tadā udakena temetvā temetvā bhuñjati, cirena gāmaṁ piṇḍāya pavisati.
The monks asked him, Bhikkhū āyasmantaṁ belaṭṭhasīsaṁ etadavocuṁ—“Why do you only go for alms after such a long time?” “kissa tvaṁ, āvuso, cirena gāmaṁ piṇḍāya pavisasī”ti? And he told them. Atha kho āyasmā belaṭṭhasīso bhikkhūnaṁ etamatthaṁ ārocesi.
“But do you eat food that you’ve stored?” “Kiṁ pana tvaṁ, āvuso, sannidhikārakaṁ bhojanaṁ bhuñjasī”ti?
“Yes.” “Evamāvuso”ti.
The monks of few desires complained and criticized him, Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“How can Venerable Belaṭṭhasīsa eat food that he has stored?” … “kathañhi nāma āyasmā belaṭṭhasīso sannidhikārakaṁ bhojanaṁ bhuñjissatī”ti …pe… “Is it true, Belaṭṭhasīsa, that you do this?” “saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, belaṭṭhasīsa, sannidhikārakaṁ bhojanaṁ bhuñjasī”ti?
“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
The Buddha rebuked him … Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… “Belaṭṭhasīsa, how can you do this? kathañhi nāma tvaṁ, belaṭṭhasīsa, sannidhikārakaṁ bhojanaṁ bhuñjissasi. This will affect people’s confidence …” … Netaṁ, belaṭṭhasīsa, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… “And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this: evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
Final ruling
‘If a monk eats fresh or cooked food that he has stored, he commits an offense entailing confession.’” “Yo pana bhikkhu sannidhikārakaṁ khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā khādeyya vā bhuñjeyya vā, pācittiyan”ti.
Definitions
- A: Yo panāti
- whoever … yo yādiso …pe…
- Monk: bhikkhūti
- … The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case. …pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.
- That he has stored: Sannidhikārakaṁ nāma
- received today and eaten on the following day. ajja paṭiggahitaṁ aparajju khāditaṁ hoti.
- Fresh food: Khādanīyaṁ nāma
- apart from the five cooked foods, the post-midday tonics, the seven-day tonics, and the lifetime tonics—the rest is called “fresh food”. pañca bhojanāni—yāmakālikaṁ sattāhakālikaṁ yāvajīvikaṁ ṭhapetvā avasesaṁ khādanīyaṁ nāma.
- Cooked food: Bhojanīyaṁ nāma
- there are five kinds of cooked food: cooked grain, porridge, flour products, fish, and meat. pañca bhojanāni—odano, kummāso, sattu, maccho, maṁsaṁ.
If he receives fresh or cooked food with the intention of eating it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. “Khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī”ti paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. For every mouthful swallowed, he commits an offense entailing confession. Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pācittiyassa.
Permutations
If it has been stored, and he perceives that it has, and he eats the fresh or cooked food, he commits an offense entailing confession. Sannidhikārake sannidhikārakasaññī khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā khādati vā bhuñjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. If it has been stored, but he is unsure of it, and he eats the fresh or cooked food, he commits an offense entailing confession. Sannidhikārake vematiko khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā khādati vā bhuñjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa. If it has been stored, but he does not perceive that it has, and he eats the fresh or cooked food, he commits an offense entailing confession. Sannidhikārake asannidhikārakasaññī khādanīyaṁ vā bhojanīyaṁ vā khādati vā bhuñjati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If he receives post-midday tonics, seven-day tonics, or lifetime tonics for the purpose of food, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Yāmakālikaṁ sattāhakālikaṁ yāvajīvikaṁ āhāratthāya paṭiggaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. For every mouthful swallowed, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it has not been stored, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Asannidhikārake sannidhikārakasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa. If it has not been stored, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Asannidhikārake vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa. If it has not been stored, and he does not perceive that it has, there is no offense. Asannidhikārake asannidhikārakasaññī, anāpatti.
Non-offenses
There is no offense: Anāpatti—if he both stores and eats it during the right time; yāvakālikaṁ yāvakāle nidahitvā bhuñjati, if he both stores and eats post-midday tonics during the remainder of the day; yāmakālikaṁ yāme nidahitvā bhuñjati, if he both stores and eats seven-day tonics during the seven-day period; sattāhakālikaṁ sattāhaṁ nidahitvā bhuñjati, if he uses lifetime tonics when there is a reason; yāvajīvikaṁ sati paccaye paribhuñjati, if he is insane; ummattakassa, if he is the first offender. ādikammikassāti.
The training rule on storing, the eighth, is finished. Sannidhikārakasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ aṭṭhamaṁ.