Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law Theravāda Vinaya
The Great Analysis Mahāvibhaṅga
The chapter on offenses entailing confession Pācittiyakaṇḍa
The subchapter on eating Bhojanavagga

40. The training rule on tooth cleaners 40. Dantaponasikkhāpada

Origin story

First sub-story

At one time the Buddha was staying in the hall with the peaked roof in the Great Wood near Vesālī. Tena samayena buddho bhagavā vesāliyaṁ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṁ. At that time a monk who only used discarded things was staying in a charnel ground. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu sabbapaṁsukūliko susāne viharati. He disliked receiving things from people. Instead he would take whatever was offered to the dead at the charnel ground, at the foot of trees, or at the threshold, and he would use that. So manussehi diyyamānaṁ na icchati paṭiggahetuṁ, susānepi rukkhamūlepi ummārepi ayyavosāṭitakāni sāmaṁ gahetvā paribhuñjati. People complained and criticized him, Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“How can this monk take the offerings to our ancestors and use them? “kathañhi nāma ayaṁ bhikkhu amhākaṁ ayyavosāṭitakāni sāmaṁ gahetvā paribhuñjissati. This monk is big and strong. He probably eats human flesh too!” Theroyaṁ bhikkhu vaṭharo manussamaṁsaṁ maññe khādatī”ti.

The monks heard the complaints of those people, Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ. and the monks of few desires complained and criticized him, Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“How can this monk eat food that hasn’t been given?” … “kathañhi nāma bhikkhu adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āharissatī”ti …pe… “Is it true, monk, that you do this?” “saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, bhikkhu, adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āharasī”ti?

“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

The Buddha rebuked him … Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… “Foolish man, how can you do this? kathañhi nāma tvaṁ, moghapurisa, adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āharissasi. This will affect people’s confidence …” … Netaṁ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… “And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this: evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

Preliminary ruling

‘If a monk eats food that has not been given, he commits an offense entailing confession.’” “Yo pana bhikkhu adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āhareyya, pācittiyan”ti.

In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the monks. Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.

Second sub-story

Soon afterwards the monks did not use water or tooth cleaners because they were afraid of wrongdoing. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū udakadantapone kukkuccāyanti. They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he gave a teaching and addressed the monks: Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…

“Monks, I allow you to use water and tooth cleaners after taking them yourselves. “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakadantaponaṁ sāmaṁ gahetvā paribhuñjituṁ.

And so, monks, this training rule should be recited like this: Evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

Final ruling

‘If a monk eats food that has not been given, except for water and tooth cleaners, he commits an offense entailing confession.’” “Yo pana bhikkhu adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āhareyya, aññatra udakadantaponā, pācittiyan”ti.

Definitions

A: Yo panāti: whoever … yo yādiso …pe…
Monk: bhikkhūti: … The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case. …pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.
That has not been given: Adinnaṁ nāma: what has not been received is what is meant. appaṭiggahitakaṁ vuccati.
Given: Dinnaṁ nāma: standing within arm’s reach of one giving by body or by what is connected to his body or by releasing, he receives it by body or by what is connected to his body—this is called “given”. kāyena vā kāyapaṭibaddhena vā nissaggiyena vā dente hatthapāse ṭhito kāyena vā kāyapaṭibaddhena vā paṭiggaṇhāti, etaṁ dinnaṁ nāma.
Food: Āhāro nāma: whatever is edible, apart from water and tooth cleaners—this is called “food”. udakadantaponaṁ ṭhapetvā yaṁ kiñci ajjhoharaṇīyaṁ, eso āhāro nāma.
Except for water and tooth cleaners: Aññatra udakadantaponāti: apart from water and tooth cleaners. ṭhapetvā udakadantaponaṁ.

If he takes it with the intention of eating it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. “Khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī”ti gaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. For every mouthful swallowed, he commits an offense entailing confession. Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pācittiyassa.

Permutations

If it has not been received, and he does not perceive it as such, and he eats it, except for water and tooth cleaners, he commits an offense entailing confession. Appaṭiggahitake appaṭiggahitakasaññī adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āhāreti, aññatra udakadantaponā, āpatti pācittiyassa. If it has not been received, but he is unsure of it, and he eats it, except for water and tooth cleaners, he commits an offense entailing confession. Appaṭiggahitake vematiko adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āhāreti, aññatra udakadantaponā, āpatti pācittiyassa. If it has not been not received, but he perceives it as such, and he eats it, except for water and tooth cleaners, he commits an offense entailing confession. Appaṭiggahitake paṭiggahitakasaññī adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āhāreti, aññatra udakadantaponā, āpatti pācittiyassa.

If it has been received, but he does not perceive it as such, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Paṭiggahitake appaṭiggahitakasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa. If it has been received, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Paṭiggahitake vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa. If it has been received, and he perceives it as such, there is no offense. Paṭiggahitake paṭiggahitakasaññī, anāpatti.

Non-offenses

There is no offense: Anāpatti—if it is water or tooth cleaners; udakadantapone, if, when there is a reason, but there is no attendant, he himself takes the four foul edibles and eats them; cattāri mahāvikaṭāni sati paccaye asati kappiyakārake sāmaṁ gahetvā paribhuñjati, if he is insane; ummattakassa, if he is the first offender. ādikammikassāti.

The training rule on tooth cleaners, the tenth, is finished. Dantaponasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.

The fourth subchapter on eating is finished. Bhojanavaggo catuttho.

This is the summary: Tassuddānaṁ

“Alms, group, another, cookie, Piṇḍo gaṇaṁ paraṁ pūvaṁ, And two are spoken on invitations; dve ca vuttā pavāraṇā; At the wrong time, store, milk, Vikāle sannidhī khīraṁ, With tooth cleaner—those are the ten.” dantaponena te dasāti.

English Translation

Pāli Text

Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law
The Great Analysis
The chapter on offenses entailing confession
The subchapter on eating

40. The training rule on tooth cleaners

Origin story

First sub-story

At one time the Buddha was staying in the hall with the peaked roof in the Great Wood near Vesālī. At that time a monk who only used discarded things was staying in a charnel ground. He disliked receiving things from people. Instead he would take whatever was offered to the dead at the charnel ground, at the foot of trees, or at the threshold, and he would use that. People complained and criticized him, “How can this monk take the offerings to our ancestors and use them? This monk is big and strong. He probably eats human flesh too!”

The monks heard the complaints of those people, and the monks of few desires complained and criticized him, “How can this monk eat food that hasn’t been given?” … “Is it true, monk, that you do this?”

“It’s true, sir.”

The Buddha rebuked him … “Foolish man, how can you do this? This will affect people’s confidence …” … “And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

Preliminary ruling

‘If a monk eats food that has not been given, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the monks.

Second sub-story

Soon afterwards the monks did not use water or tooth cleaners because they were afraid of wrongdoing. They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he gave a teaching and addressed the monks:

“Monks, I allow you to use water and tooth cleaners after taking them yourselves.

And so, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

Final ruling

‘If a monk eats food that has not been given, except for water and tooth cleaners, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Definitions

A:: whoever …
Monk:: … The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.
That has not been given:: what has not been received is what is meant.
Given:: standing within arm’s reach of one giving by body or by what is connected to his body or by releasing, he receives it by body or by what is connected to his body—this is called “given”.
Food:: whatever is edible, apart from water and tooth cleaners—this is called “food”.
Except for water and tooth cleaners:: apart from water and tooth cleaners.

If he takes it with the intention of eating it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. For every mouthful swallowed, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Permutations

If it has not been received, and he does not perceive it as such, and he eats it, except for water and tooth cleaners, he commits an offense entailing confession. If it has not been received, but he is unsure of it, and he eats it, except for water and tooth cleaners, he commits an offense entailing confession. If it has not been not received, but he perceives it as such, and he eats it, except for water and tooth cleaners, he commits an offense entailing confession.

If it has been received, but he does not perceive it as such, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it has been received, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it has been received, and he perceives it as such, there is no offense.

Non-offenses

There is no offense: if it is water or tooth cleaners; if, when there is a reason, but there is no attendant, he himself takes the four foul edibles and eats them; if he is insane; if he is the first offender.

The training rule on tooth cleaners, the tenth, is finished.

The fourth subchapter on eating is finished.

This is the summary:

“Alms, group, another, cookie, And two are spoken on invitations; At the wrong time, store, milk, With tooth cleaner—those are the ten.”

Theravāda Vinaya
Mahāvibhaṅga
Pācittiyakaṇḍa
Bhojanavagga

40. Dantaponasikkhāpada

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā vesāliyaṁ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṁ. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu sabbapaṁsukūliko susāne viharati. So manussehi diyyamānaṁ na icchati paṭiggahetuṁ, susānepi rukkhamūlepi ummārepi ayyavosāṭitakāni sāmaṁ gahetvā paribhuñjati. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“kathañhi nāma ayaṁ bhikkhu amhākaṁ ayyavosāṭitakāni sāmaṁ gahetvā paribhuñjissati. Theroyaṁ bhikkhu vaṭharo manussamaṁsaṁ maññe khādatī”ti.

Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“kathañhi nāma bhikkhu adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āharissatī”ti …pe… “saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, bhikkhu, adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āharasī”ti?

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… kathañhi nāma tvaṁ, moghapurisa, adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āharissasi. Netaṁ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

“Yo pana bhikkhu adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āhareyya, pācittiyan”ti.

Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.

Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū udakadantapone kukkuccāyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…

“anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakadantaponaṁ sāmaṁ gahetvā paribhuñjituṁ.

Evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

“Yo pana bhikkhu adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āhareyya, aññatra udakadantaponā, pācittiyan”ti.

Yo panāti: yo yādiso …pe…
bhikkhūti: …pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.
Adinnaṁ nāma: appaṭiggahitakaṁ vuccati.
Dinnaṁ nāma: kāyena vā kāyapaṭibaddhena vā nissaggiyena vā dente hatthapāse ṭhito kāyena vā kāyapaṭibaddhena vā paṭiggaṇhāti, etaṁ dinnaṁ nāma.
Āhāro nāma: udakadantaponaṁ ṭhapetvā yaṁ kiñci ajjhoharaṇīyaṁ, eso āhāro nāma.
Aññatra udakadantaponāti: ṭhapetvā udakadantaponaṁ.

“Khādissāmi bhuñjissāmī”ti gaṇhāti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ajjhohāre ajjhohāre āpatti pācittiyassa.

Appaṭiggahitake appaṭiggahitakasaññī adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āhāreti, aññatra udakadantaponā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Appaṭiggahitake vematiko adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āhāreti, aññatra udakadantaponā, āpatti pācittiyassa. Appaṭiggahitake paṭiggahitakasaññī adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āhāreti, aññatra udakadantaponā, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Paṭiggahitake appaṭiggahitakasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Paṭiggahitake vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Paṭiggahitake paṭiggahitakasaññī, anāpatti.

Anāpatti—udakadantapone, cattāri mahāvikaṭāni sati paccaye asati kappiyakārake sāmaṁ gahetvā paribhuñjati, ummattakassa, ādikammikassāti.

Dantaponasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.

Bhojanavaggo catuttho.

Tassuddānaṁ

Piṇḍo gaṇaṁ paraṁ pūvaṁ, dve ca vuttā pavāraṇā; Vikāle sannidhī khīraṁ, dantaponena te dasāti.

Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law Theravāda Vinaya
The Great Analysis Mahāvibhaṅga
The chapter on offenses entailing confession Pācittiyakaṇḍa
The subchapter on eating Bhojanavagga

40. The training rule on tooth cleaners 40. Dantaponasikkhāpada

Origin story

First sub-story

“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

Preliminary ruling

‘If a monk eats food that has not been given, he commits an offense entailing confession.’” “Yo pana bhikkhu adinnaṁ mukhadvāraṁ āhāraṁ āhareyya, pācittiyan”ti.

In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the monks. Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.

Second sub-story

“Monks, I allow you to use water and tooth cleaners after taking them yourselves. “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakadantaponaṁ sāmaṁ gahetvā paribhuñjituṁ.

And so, monks, this training rule should be recited like this: Evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

Final ruling

Definitions

A: Yo panāti: whoever … yo yādiso …pe…
Monk: bhikkhūti: … The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case. …pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.
That has not been given: Adinnaṁ nāma: what has not been received is what is meant. appaṭiggahitakaṁ vuccati.
Given: Dinnaṁ nāma: standing within arm’s reach of one giving by body or by what is connected to his body or by releasing, he receives it by body or by what is connected to his body—this is called “given”. kāyena vā kāyapaṭibaddhena vā nissaggiyena vā dente hatthapāse ṭhito kāyena vā kāyapaṭibaddhena vā paṭiggaṇhāti, etaṁ dinnaṁ nāma.
Food: Āhāro nāma: whatever is edible, apart from water and tooth cleaners—this is called “food”. udakadantaponaṁ ṭhapetvā yaṁ kiñci ajjhoharaṇīyaṁ, eso āhāro nāma.
Except for water and tooth cleaners: Aññatra udakadantaponāti: apart from water and tooth cleaners. ṭhapetvā udakadantaponaṁ.

Permutations

Non-offenses

The training rule on tooth cleaners, the tenth, is finished. Dantaponasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.

The fourth subchapter on eating is finished. Bhojanavaggo catuttho.

This is the summary: Tassuddānaṁ

“Alms, group, another, cookie, Piṇḍo gaṇaṁ paraṁ pūvaṁ, And two are spoken on invitations; dve ca vuttā pavāraṇā; At the wrong time, store, milk, Vikāle sannidhī khīraṁ, With tooth cleaner—those are the ten.” dantaponena te dasāti.