Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law Theravāda Vinaya
The Great Analysis Mahāvibhaṅga
The chapter on offenses entailing confession Pācittiyakaṇḍa
The subchapter on naked ascetics Acelakavagga

49. The training rule on staying with armies 49. Senāvāsasikkhāpada

Origin story

On one occasion when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery, Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. the monks from the group of six went to the army on some business, and they stayed there for more than three nights. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū sati karaṇīye senaṁ gantvā atirekatirattaṁ senāya vasanti. People complained and criticized them, Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“How can the Sakyan monastics stay with the army? “kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā senāya vasissanti. It’s our misfortune that we must stay with the army for the sake of our livelihoods and because of our wives and children.” Amhākampi alābhā, amhākampi dulladdhaṁ, ye mayaṁ ājīvassa hetu puttadārassa kāraṇā senāya paṭivasāmā”ti.

The monks heard the complaints of those people, Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ. and the monks of few desires complained and criticized those monks, Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“How could the monks from the group of six stay with the army for more than three nights?” … “kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū atirekatirattaṁ senāya vasissantī”ti …pe… “Is it true, monks, that you did this?” “saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, atirekatirattaṁ senāya vasathā”ti?

“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

The Buddha rebuked them … Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… “Foolish men, how could you do this? kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, atirekatirattaṁ senāya vasissatha. This will affect people’s confidence …” … Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… “And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this: evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

Final ruling

‘If that monk has a reason for going to the army, he may stay with the army for two or three nights. If he stays longer than that, he commits an offense entailing confession.’” “Siyā ca tassa bhikkhuno kocideva paccayo senaṁ gamanāya, dirattatirattaṁ tena bhikkhunā senāya vasitabbaṁ. Tato ce uttari vaseyya, pācittiyan”ti.

Definitions

If that monk has a reason for going to the army: Siyā ca tassa bhikkhuno kocideva paccayo senaṁ gamanāyāti: if he has a reason, if he has something to do. siyā paccayo siyā karaṇīyaṁ.
He may stay with the army for two or three nights: Dirattatirattaṁ tena bhikkhunā senāya vasitabbanti: he may stay for two or for three nights. dvetisso rattiyo vasitabbaṁ.
If he stays longer than that: Tato ce uttari vaseyyāti: if he is staying with the army at sunset on the fourth day, he commits an offense entailing confession. catutthe divase atthaṅgate sūriye senāya vasati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Permutations

If it is more than three nights, and he perceives it as more, and he is staying with the army, he commits an offense entailing confession. Atirekatiratte atirekasaññī senāya vasati, āpatti pācittiyassa. If it is more than three nights, but he is unsure of it, and he is staying with the army, he commits an offense entailing confession. Atirekatiratte vematiko senāya vasati, āpatti pācittiyassa. If it is more than three nights, but he perceives it as less, and he is staying with the army, he commits an offense entailing confession. Atirekatiratte ūnakasaññī senāya vasati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

If it is less than three nights, but he perceives it as more, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Ūnakatiratte atirekasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa. If it is less than three nights, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Ūnakatiratte vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa. If it is less than three nights, and he perceives it as less, there is no offense. Ūnakatiratte ūnakasaññī, anāpatti.

Non-offenses

There is no offense: Anāpatti—if he stays for two or three nights; dvetisso rattiyo vasati, if he stays for less than two or three nights; ūnakadvetisso rattiyo vasati, if he stays for two nights, then leaves before dawn on the third night, and then stays again; dve rattiyo vasitvā tatiyāya rattiyā purāruṇā nikkhamitvā puna vasati, if he stays because he is sick; gilāno vasati, if he stays because he has to take care of someone who is sick; gilānassa karaṇīyena vasati, if the army is obstructed by an enemy army; senā vā paṭisenāya ruddhā hoti, if he is obstructed from leaving; kenaci palibuddho hoti, if there is an emergency; āpadāsu, if he is insane; ummattakassa, if he is the first offender. ādikammikassāti.

The training rule on staying with armies, the ninth, is finished. Senāvāsasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ navamaṁ.

English Translation

Pāli Text

Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law
The Great Analysis
The chapter on offenses entailing confession
The subchapter on naked ascetics

49. The training rule on staying with armies

Origin story

On one occasion when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery, the monks from the group of six went to the army on some business, and they stayed there for more than three nights. People complained and criticized them, “How can the Sakyan monastics stay with the army? It’s our misfortune that we must stay with the army for the sake of our livelihoods and because of our wives and children.”

The monks heard the complaints of those people, and the monks of few desires complained and criticized those monks, “How could the monks from the group of six stay with the army for more than three nights?” … “Is it true, monks, that you did this?”

“It’s true, sir.”

The Buddha rebuked them … “Foolish men, how could you do this? This will affect people’s confidence …” … “And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

Final ruling

‘If that monk has a reason for going to the army, he may stay with the army for two or three nights. If he stays longer than that, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Definitions

If that monk has a reason for going to the army:: if he has a reason, if he has something to do.
He may stay with the army for two or three nights:: he may stay for two or for three nights.
If he stays longer than that:: if he is staying with the army at sunset on the fourth day, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Permutations

If it is more than three nights, and he perceives it as more, and he is staying with the army, he commits an offense entailing confession. If it is more than three nights, but he is unsure of it, and he is staying with the army, he commits an offense entailing confession. If it is more than three nights, but he perceives it as less, and he is staying with the army, he commits an offense entailing confession.

If it is less than three nights, but he perceives it as more, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is less than three nights, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If it is less than three nights, and he perceives it as less, there is no offense.

Non-offenses

There is no offense: if he stays for two or three nights; if he stays for less than two or three nights; if he stays for two nights, then leaves before dawn on the third night, and then stays again; if he stays because he is sick; if he stays because he has to take care of someone who is sick; if the army is obstructed by an enemy army; if he is obstructed from leaving; if there is an emergency; if he is insane; if he is the first offender.

The training rule on staying with armies, the ninth, is finished.

Theravāda Vinaya
Mahāvibhaṅga
Pācittiyakaṇḍa
Acelakavagga

49. Senāvāsasikkhāpada

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū sati karaṇīye senaṁ gantvā atirekatirattaṁ senāya vasanti. Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā senāya vasissanti. Amhākampi alābhā, amhākampi dulladdhaṁ, ye mayaṁ ājīvassa hetu puttadārassa kāraṇā senāya paṭivasāmā”ti.

Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū atirekatirattaṁ senāya vasissantī”ti …pe… “saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, atirekatirattaṁ senāya vasathā”ti?

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, atirekatirattaṁ senāya vasissatha. Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

“Siyā ca tassa bhikkhuno kocideva paccayo senaṁ gamanāya, dirattatirattaṁ tena bhikkhunā senāya vasitabbaṁ. Tato ce uttari vaseyya, pācittiyan”ti.

Siyā ca tassa bhikkhuno kocideva paccayo senaṁ gamanāyāti: siyā paccayo siyā karaṇīyaṁ.
Dirattatirattaṁ tena bhikkhunā senāya vasitabbanti: dvetisso rattiyo vasitabbaṁ.
Tato ce uttari vaseyyāti: catutthe divase atthaṅgate sūriye senāya vasati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Atirekatiratte atirekasaññī senāya vasati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Atirekatiratte vematiko senāya vasati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Atirekatiratte ūnakasaññī senāya vasati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Ūnakatiratte atirekasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ūnakatiratte vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ūnakatiratte ūnakasaññī, anāpatti.

Anāpatti—dvetisso rattiyo vasati, ūnakadvetisso rattiyo vasati, dve rattiyo vasitvā tatiyāya rattiyā purāruṇā nikkhamitvā puna vasati, gilāno vasati, gilānassa karaṇīyena vasati, senā vā paṭisenāya ruddhā hoti, kenaci palibuddho hoti, āpadāsu, ummattakassa, ādikammikassāti.

Senāvāsasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ navamaṁ.

Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law Theravāda Vinaya
The Great Analysis Mahāvibhaṅga
The chapter on offenses entailing confession Pācittiyakaṇḍa
The subchapter on naked ascetics Acelakavagga

49. The training rule on staying with armies 49. Senāvāsasikkhāpada

Origin story

“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

Final ruling

Definitions

If that monk has a reason for going to the army: Siyā ca tassa bhikkhuno kocideva paccayo senaṁ gamanāyāti: if he has a reason, if he has something to do. siyā paccayo siyā karaṇīyaṁ.
He may stay with the army for two or three nights: Dirattatirattaṁ tena bhikkhunā senāya vasitabbanti: he may stay for two or for three nights. dvetisso rattiyo vasitabbaṁ.
If he stays longer than that: Tato ce uttari vaseyyāti: if he is staying with the army at sunset on the fourth day, he commits an offense entailing confession. catutthe divase atthaṅgate sūriye senāya vasati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Permutations

Non-offenses

The training rule on staying with armies, the ninth, is finished. Senāvāsasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ navamaṁ.