Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law Theravāda Vinaya
The Great Analysis Mahāvibhaṅga
The chapter on offenses entailing confession Pācittiyakaṇḍa
The subchapter on naked ascetics Acelakavagga

50. The training rule on battles 50. Uyyodhikasikkhāpada

Origin story

On one occasion when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery, Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. the monks from the group of six were staying with the army for two or three nights. They went to see battles, troop reviews, the massing of the army, and troop inspections. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū dirattatirattaṁ senāya vasamānā uyyodhikampi balaggampi senābyūhampi anīkadassanampi gacchanti. One of the monks who went to a battle was struck by an arrow. Aññataropi chabbaggiyo bhikkhu uyyodhikaṁ gantvā kaṇḍena paṭividdho hoti. People teased him, Manussā taṁ bhikkhuṁ uppaṇḍesuṁ—“We hope you had a good battle, venerable. How many targets did you hit?” “kacci, bhante, suyuddhaṁ ahosi, kati te lakkhāni laddhānī”ti? And because they teased him, he felt humiliated. So bhikkhu tehi manussehi uppaṇḍiyamāno maṅku ahosi.

People complained and criticized those monks, Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“How can the Sakyan monastics go to see a battle? “kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā uyyodhikaṁ dassanāya āgacchissanti. It’s our misfortune that we must go to battles for the sake of our livelihoods and because of our wives and children.” Amhākampi alābhā, amhākampi dulladdhaṁ, ye mayaṁ ājīvassa hetu puttadārassa kāraṇā uyyodhikaṁ āgacchāmā”ti.

The monks heard the complaints of those people, Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ. and the monks of few desires complained and criticized those monks, Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“How could the monks from the group of six go to see a battle?” … “kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uyyodhikaṁ dassanāya gacchissantī”ti …pe… “Is it true, monks, that you did this?” “saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, uyyodhikaṁ dassanāya gacchathā”ti?

“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

The Buddha rebuked them … Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… “Foolish men, how could you do this? kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, uyyodhikaṁ dassanāya gacchissatha. This will affect people’s confidence …” … Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… “And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this: evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

Final ruling

‘If a monk who is staying with an army for two or three nights goes to a battle, a troop review, a massing of the army, or a troop inspection, he commits an offense entailing confession.’” “Dirattatirattañce bhikkhu senāya vasamāno uyyodhikaṁ vā balaggaṁ vā senābyūhaṁ vā anīkadassanaṁ vā gaccheyya, pācittiyan”ti.

Definitions

If a monk who is staying with an army for two or three nights: Dirattatirattañce bhikkhu senāya vasamānoti: he is staying for two or for three nights. dvetisso rattiyo vasamāno.
A battle: Uyyodhikaṁ nāma: wherever fighting is seen. yattha sampahāro dissati.
A troop review: Balaggaṁ nāma: so many elephants, so many horses, so many chariots, so much infantry. ettakā hatthī, ettakā assā, ettakā rathā, ettakā pattī.
A massing of the army: Senābyūhaṁ nāma: the elephants should set out from here; the horses should set out from here; the chariots should set out from here; the infantry should set out from here. ito hatthī hontu, ito assā hontu, ito rathā hontu, ito pattikā hontu.
A troop: Anīkaṁ nāma: an elephant troop, a horse troop, a chariot troop, an infantry troop. hatthānīkaṁ, assānīkaṁ, rathānīkaṁ, pattānīkaṁ. The smallest troop of elephants is three elephants; the smallest troop of horses is three horses; the smallest troop of chariots is three chariots; the smallest troop of infantry is four men with arrows in hand. Tayo hatthī pacchimaṁ hatthānīkaṁ, tayo assā pacchimaṁ assānīkaṁ, tayo rathā pacchimaṁ rathānīkaṁ, cattāro purisā sarahatthā pattī pacchimaṁ pattānīkaṁ.

If he is on his way to see it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Dassanāya gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Wherever he stands to see it, he commits an offense entailing confession. Yattha ṭhito passati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Every time he goes beyond the range of sight and then sees it again, he commits an offense entailing confession. Dassanūpacāraṁ vijahitvā punappunaṁ passati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Permutations

If he is on his way to see one division of a fourfold army, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Ekamekaṁ dassanāya gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Wherever he stands to see it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Yattha ṭhito passati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Every time he goes beyond the range of sight and then sees it again, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Dassanūpacāraṁ vijahitvā punappunaṁ passati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Non-offenses

There is no offense: Anāpatti—if he sees it while standing in a monastery; ārāme ṭhito passati, if the army comes to where the monk is standing, sitting, or lying down, and he then sees fighting; bhikkhussa ṭhitokāsaṁ vā nisinnokāsaṁ vā nipannokāsaṁ vā āgantvā sampahāro dissati, if he sees it while walking in the opposite direction; paṭipathaṁ gacchanto passati, if he goes because there is something to be done, and he then sees it; sati karaṇīye gantvā passati, if there is an emergency; āpadāsu, if he is insane; ummattakassa, if he is the first offender. ādikammikassāti.

The training rule on battles, the tenth, is finished. Uyyodhikasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.

The fifth subchapter on naked ascetics is finished. Acelakavaggo pañcamo.

This is the summary: Tassuddānaṁ

“Cookie, talking, three on Upananda, Pūvaṁ kathopanandassa, And indeed supporting; tayaṁpaṭṭhākameva ca; Mahānāma, Pasenadi, Mahānāmo pasenadi, Army, and struck: those are the ten.” senāviddho ime dasāti.

English Translation

Pāli Text

Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law
The Great Analysis
The chapter on offenses entailing confession
The subchapter on naked ascetics

50. The training rule on battles

Origin story

On one occasion when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery, the monks from the group of six were staying with the army for two or three nights. They went to see battles, troop reviews, the massing of the army, and troop inspections. One of the monks who went to a battle was struck by an arrow. People teased him, “We hope you had a good battle, venerable. How many targets did you hit?” And because they teased him, he felt humiliated.

People complained and criticized those monks, “How can the Sakyan monastics go to see a battle? It’s our misfortune that we must go to battles for the sake of our livelihoods and because of our wives and children.”

The monks heard the complaints of those people, and the monks of few desires complained and criticized those monks, “How could the monks from the group of six go to see a battle?” … “Is it true, monks, that you did this?”

“It’s true, sir.”

The Buddha rebuked them … “Foolish men, how could you do this? This will affect people’s confidence …” … “And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

Final ruling

‘If a monk who is staying with an army for two or three nights goes to a battle, a troop review, a massing of the army, or a troop inspection, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Definitions

If a monk who is staying with an army for two or three nights:: he is staying for two or for three nights.
A battle:: wherever fighting is seen.
A troop review:: so many elephants, so many horses, so many chariots, so much infantry.
A massing of the army:: the elephants should set out from here; the horses should set out from here; the chariots should set out from here; the infantry should set out from here.
A troop:: an elephant troop, a horse troop, a chariot troop, an infantry troop. The smallest troop of elephants is three elephants; the smallest troop of horses is three horses; the smallest troop of chariots is three chariots; the smallest troop of infantry is four men with arrows in hand.

If he is on his way to see it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Wherever he stands to see it, he commits an offense entailing confession. Every time he goes beyond the range of sight and then sees it again, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Permutations

If he is on his way to see one division of a fourfold army, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Wherever he stands to see it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Every time he goes beyond the range of sight and then sees it again, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Non-offenses

There is no offense: if he sees it while standing in a monastery; if the army comes to where the monk is standing, sitting, or lying down, and he then sees fighting; if he sees it while walking in the opposite direction; if he goes because there is something to be done, and he then sees it; if there is an emergency; if he is insane; if he is the first offender.

The training rule on battles, the tenth, is finished.

The fifth subchapter on naked ascetics is finished.

This is the summary:

“Cookie, talking, three on Upananda, And indeed supporting; Mahānāma, Pasenadi, Army, and struck: those are the ten.”

Theravāda Vinaya
Mahāvibhaṅga
Pācittiyakaṇḍa
Acelakavagga

50. Uyyodhikasikkhāpada

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū dirattatirattaṁ senāya vasamānā uyyodhikampi balaggampi senābyūhampi anīkadassanampi gacchanti. Aññataropi chabbaggiyo bhikkhu uyyodhikaṁ gantvā kaṇḍena paṭividdho hoti. Manussā taṁ bhikkhuṁ uppaṇḍesuṁ—“kacci, bhante, suyuddhaṁ ahosi, kati te lakkhāni laddhānī”ti? So bhikkhu tehi manussehi uppaṇḍiyamāno maṅku ahosi.

Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā uyyodhikaṁ dassanāya āgacchissanti. Amhākampi alābhā, amhākampi dulladdhaṁ, ye mayaṁ ājīvassa hetu puttadārassa kāraṇā uyyodhikaṁ āgacchāmā”ti.

Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uyyodhikaṁ dassanāya gacchissantī”ti …pe… “saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, uyyodhikaṁ dassanāya gacchathā”ti?

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, uyyodhikaṁ dassanāya gacchissatha. Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

“Dirattatirattañce bhikkhu senāya vasamāno uyyodhikaṁ vā balaggaṁ vā senābyūhaṁ vā anīkadassanaṁ vā gaccheyya, pācittiyan”ti.

Dirattatirattañce bhikkhu senāya vasamānoti: dvetisso rattiyo vasamāno.
Uyyodhikaṁ nāma: yattha sampahāro dissati.
Balaggaṁ nāma: ettakā hatthī, ettakā assā, ettakā rathā, ettakā pattī.
Senābyūhaṁ nāma: ito hatthī hontu, ito assā hontu, ito rathā hontu, ito pattikā hontu.
Anīkaṁ nāma: hatthānīkaṁ, assānīkaṁ, rathānīkaṁ, pattānīkaṁ. Tayo hatthī pacchimaṁ hatthānīkaṁ, tayo assā pacchimaṁ assānīkaṁ, tayo rathā pacchimaṁ rathānīkaṁ, cattāro purisā sarahatthā pattī pacchimaṁ pattānīkaṁ.

Dassanāya gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Yattha ṭhito passati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Dassanūpacāraṁ vijahitvā punappunaṁ passati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Ekamekaṁ dassanāya gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Yattha ṭhito passati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Dassanūpacāraṁ vijahitvā punappunaṁ passati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Anāpatti—ārāme ṭhito passati, bhikkhussa ṭhitokāsaṁ vā nisinnokāsaṁ vā nipannokāsaṁ vā āgantvā sampahāro dissati, paṭipathaṁ gacchanto passati, sati karaṇīye gantvā passati, āpadāsu, ummattakassa, ādikammikassāti.

Uyyodhikasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.

Acelakavaggo pañcamo.

Tassuddānaṁ

Pūvaṁ kathopanandassa, tayaṁpaṭṭhākameva ca; Mahānāmo pasenadi, senāviddho ime dasāti.

Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law Theravāda Vinaya
The Great Analysis Mahāvibhaṅga
The chapter on offenses entailing confession Pācittiyakaṇḍa
The subchapter on naked ascetics Acelakavagga

50. The training rule on battles 50. Uyyodhikasikkhāpada

Origin story

“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

Final ruling

Definitions

If a monk who is staying with an army for two or three nights: Dirattatirattañce bhikkhu senāya vasamānoti: he is staying for two or for three nights. dvetisso rattiyo vasamāno.
A battle: Uyyodhikaṁ nāma: wherever fighting is seen. yattha sampahāro dissati.
A troop review: Balaggaṁ nāma: so many elephants, so many horses, so many chariots, so much infantry. ettakā hatthī, ettakā assā, ettakā rathā, ettakā pattī.
A massing of the army: Senābyūhaṁ nāma: the elephants should set out from here; the horses should set out from here; the chariots should set out from here; the infantry should set out from here. ito hatthī hontu, ito assā hontu, ito rathā hontu, ito pattikā hontu.
A troop: Anīkaṁ nāma: an elephant troop, a horse troop, a chariot troop, an infantry troop. hatthānīkaṁ, assānīkaṁ, rathānīkaṁ, pattānīkaṁ. The smallest troop of elephants is three elephants; the smallest troop of horses is three horses; the smallest troop of chariots is three chariots; the smallest troop of infantry is four men with arrows in hand. Tayo hatthī pacchimaṁ hatthānīkaṁ, tayo assā pacchimaṁ assānīkaṁ, tayo rathā pacchimaṁ rathānīkaṁ, cattāro purisā sarahatthā pattī pacchimaṁ pattānīkaṁ.

Permutations

Non-offenses

The training rule on battles, the tenth, is finished. Uyyodhikasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.

The fifth subchapter on naked ascetics is finished. Acelakavaggo pañcamo.

This is the summary: Tassuddānaṁ

“Cookie, talking, three on Upananda, Pūvaṁ kathopanandassa, And indeed supporting; tayaṁpaṭṭhākameva ca; Mahānāma, Pasenadi, Mahānāmo pasenadi, Army, and struck: those are the ten.” senāviddho ime dasāti.