Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law Theravāda Vinaya
The Great Analysis Mahāvibhaṅga
The chapter on offenses entailing confession Pācittiyakaṇḍa
The subchapter on containing living beings Sappāṇakavagga

70. The training rule on Kaṇṭaka 70. Kaṇṭakasikkhāpada

Origin story

At one time the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery. Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. At that time the novice monastic Kaṇṭaka had the following bad and erroneous view: Tena kho pana samayena kaṇṭakassa nāma samaṇuddesassa evarūpaṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ hoti—“As I understand the teachings of the Buddha, the things he calls obstacles are unable to obstruct one who indulges in them.” “tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi, yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā”ti.

A number of monks heard that the novice monastic Kaṇṭaka had that view. Assosuṁ kho sambahulā bhikkhū kaṇṭakassa nāma kira samaṇuddesassa evarūpaṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ—“tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi, yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā, te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā”ti. They went to see him and asked, Atha kho te bhikkhū yena kaṇṭako samaṇuddeso tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ etadavocuṁ—“Is it true, Kaṇṭaka, that you have such a view?” “saccaṁ kira te, āvuso kaṇṭaka, evarūpaṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ—‘tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi, yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’”ti?

“Yes, indeed. As I understand the Buddha’s Teaching, the things he calls obstacles are unable to obstruct one who indulges in them.” “Evaṁ byā kho ahaṁ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi— ‘yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’”ti.

“No, Kaṇṭaka, don’t misrepresent the Buddha, for it’s not good to misrepresent him. The Buddha would never say such a thing. “Mā, āvuso kaṇṭaka, evaṁ avaca. Mā bhagavantaṁ abbhācikkhi. Na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṁ. Na hi bhagavā evaṁ vadeyya. The Buddha has given many discourses about the obstacles being obstructive and how they obstruct one who indulges in them. Anekapariyāyenāvuso kaṇṭaka, antarāyikā dhammā antarāyikā vuttā bhagavatā. Alañca pana te paṭisevato antarāyāya. The Buddha has said that the enjoyment provided by worldly pleasures is small, whereas the suffering and trouble with them are huge, and so their drawbacks are greater. …” Appassādā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo …pe… But even though the monks corrected Kaṇṭaka like this, he stubbornly held on to that bad and erroneous view, and he continued to insist on it. evampi kho kaṇṭako samaṇuddeso tehi bhikkhūhi vuccamāno tatheva taṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharati—“evaṁ byā kho ahaṁ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi— ‘yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’”ti.

Since those monks were unable to make him give up that view, they went to the Buddha and told him what had happened. Yato ca kho te bhikkhū nāsakkhiṁsu kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ etasmā pāpakā diṭṭhigatā vivecetuṁ, atha kho te bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ. Soon afterwards the Buddha had the Sangha gathered and questioned the Kaṇṭaka: Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṁ sannipātāpetvā kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ paṭipucchi—“Is it true, Kaṇṭaka, that you have such a view?” “saccaṁ kira te, kaṇṭaka, evarūpaṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ—‘tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi, yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’”ti?

“Yes indeed, venerable sir.” “Evaṁ byā kho ahaṁ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi— ‘yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’”ti.

“Foolish man, who do you think I have taught like this? “Kassa nu kho nāma tvaṁ, moghapurisa, mayā evaṁ dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāsi? Haven’t I given many discourses about the obstacles being obstructive and how they obstruct one who indulges in them? Nanu mayā, moghapurisa, anekapariyāyena antarāyikā dhammā antarāyikā vuttā, alañca pana te paṭisevato antarāyāya? I have said that the enjoyment provided by worldly pleasures is small, whereas the suffering and trouble with them are huge, and so their drawbacks are greater. Appassādā kāmā vuttā mayā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo. I have said that worldly pleasures are similar to a skeleton … Aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā kāmā vuttā mayā …pe… similar to a snake’s head; the suffering and trouble with them are huge, and so their drawbacks are greater. sappasirūpamā kāmā vuttā mayā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo. And yet, foolish man, by misunderstanding you have misrepresented me, hurt yourself, and made much demerit. Atha ca pana tvaṁ, moghapurisa, attanā duggahitena amhe ceva abbhācikkhasi attānañca khaṇasi bahuñca apuññaṁ pasavasi. This will be for your long-lasting harm and suffering. Tañhi te, moghapurisa, bhavissati dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya.

This will affect people’s confidence, Netaṁ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… and cause some to lose it.” pasannānañca ekaccānaṁ aññathattāyā”ti.

Having rebuked him … Vigarahitvā …pe… the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—“Well then, monks, the Sangha should expel the novice monastic Kaṇṭaka. “tena hi, bhikkhave, saṅgho kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ nāsetu. And this is how he should be expelled: Evañca pana, bhikkhave, nāsetabbo—‘From today, Kaṇṭaka, you may not refer to the Buddha as your teacher. ‘ajjatagge te, āvuso kaṇṭaka, na ceva so bhagavā satthā apadisitabbo. And, unlike other novices, you can no longer share a sleeping place with the monks for two or three nights. Yampi caññe samaṇuddesā labhanti bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ dirattatirattaṁ sahaseyyaṁ sāpi te natthi. Go! Away with you!’” Cara pire vinassā’”ti. The Sangha then expelled Kaṇṭaka. Atha kho saṅgho kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ nāsesi.

Soon afterwards the monks from the group of six befriended Kaṇṭaka, and they were attended on by him, lived with him, and shared a sleeping place with him. Yet they knew that he had been expelled. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū jānaṁ tathānāsitaṁ kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ upalāpentipi upaṭṭhāpentipi sambhuñjantipi sahāpi seyyaṁ kappenti. The monks of few desires complained and criticized those monks, Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“How can the monks from the group of six befriend Kaṇṭaka, and be attended on by him, live with him, and share a sleeping place with him, even though they know that he has been expelled?” … “kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū jānaṁ tathānāsitaṁ kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ upalāpessantipi upaṭṭhāpessantipi sambhuñjissantipi sahāpi seyyaṁ kappessantī”ti …pe… “Is it true, monks, that you do this?” “saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, jānaṁ tathānāsitaṁ kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ upalāpethāpi upaṭṭhāpethāpi sambhuñjathāpi sahāpi seyyaṁ kappethā”ti?

“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

The Buddha rebuked them … Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… “Foolish men, how can you do this? kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, jānaṁ tathānāsitaṁ kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ upalāpessathāpi upaṭṭhāpessathāpi sambhuñjissathāpi sahāpi seyyaṁ kappessatha. This will affect people’s confidence …” … Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… “And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this: evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

Final ruling

‘Also if a novice monastic says, “Samaṇuddesopi ce evaṁ vadeyya—“As I understand the Buddha’s Teaching, the things he calls obstacles are unable to obstruct one who indulges in them,” ‘tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi, yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’ti, then the monks should correct him like this: so samaṇuddeso bhikkhūhi evamassa vacanīyo—“No, don’t misrepresent the Buddha, for it’s not good to misrepresent the Buddha. The Buddha would never say such a thing. ‘māvuso samaṇuddesa, evaṁ avaca, mā bhagavantaṁ abbhācikkhi, na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṁ, na hi bhagavā evaṁ vadeyya. In many discourses the Buddha has declared the obstacles to be obstructive and how they obstruct one who indulges in them.” Anekapariyāyenāvuso samaṇuddesa, antarāyikā dhammā antarāyikā vuttā bhagavatā. Alañca pana te paṭisevato antarāyāyā’ti. If that novice monastic continues as before, he should be told: Evañca so samaṇuddeso bhikkhūhi vuccamāno tatheva paggaṇheyya, so samaṇuddeso bhikkhūhi evamassa vacanīyo—“From today on you may not refer to the Buddha as your teacher. ‘ajjatagge te, āvuso samaṇuddesa, na ceva so bhagavā satthā apadisitabbo. And, unlike other novices, you can no longer share a sleeping place with the monks for two or three nights. Yampi caññe samaṇuddesā labhanti bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ dirattatirattaṁ sahaseyyaṁ sāpi te natthi. Go! Away with you!” Cara pire vinassā’ti. If a monk befriends that novice monastic, or he is attended on by him, lives with him, or shares a sleeping place with him, even though he knows that he has been expelled in this way, he commits an offense entailing confession.’” Yo pana bhikkhu jānaṁ tathānāsitaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ upalāpeyya vā upaṭṭhāpeyya vā sambhuñjeyya vā saha vā seyyaṁ kappeyya, pācittiyan”ti.

Definitions

A novice monastic: Samaṇuddeso nāma

a novice monk is what is meant. sāmaṇero vuccati.

Says: Evaṁ vadeyyāti—

“As I understand the Buddha’s Teaching, the things he calls obstacles are unable to obstruct one who indulges in them.” “tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi, yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā, te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā”ti.

Him: So samaṇuddesoti

the novice monastic who speaks in that way. yo so evaṁvādī samaṇuddeso.

The monks: Bhikkhūhīti

other monks, those who see it or hear about it. They should correct him, “No, don’t misrepresent the Buddha, for it’s not good to misrepresent the Buddha. The Buddha would never say such a thing. aññehi bhikkhūhi, ye passanti ye suṇanti tehi vattabbo— “mā, āvuso samaṇuddesa, evaṁ avaca. Mā bhagavantaṁ abbhācikkhi. Na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṁ. Na hi bhagavā evaṁ vadeyya. In many discourses the Buddha has declared the obstacles to be obstructive and how they obstruct one who indulges in them.” Anekapariyāyenāvuso samaṇuddesa, antarāyikā dhammā antarāyikā vuttā bhagavatā. Alañca pana te paṭisevato antarāyāyā”ti.

And they should correct him a second time … Dutiyampi vattabbo … And they should correct him a third time … tatiyampi vattabbo …

If he gives up that view, all is well. If he does not, he should be told: sace paṭinissajjati iccetaṁ kusalaṁ, no ce paṭinissajjati so samaṇuddeso bhikkhūhi evamassa vacanīyo—“From today on you may not refer to the Buddha as your teacher. “ajjatagge te, āvuso samaṇuddesa, na ceva so bhagavā satthā apadisitabbo. And, unlike other novices, you can no longer share a sleeping place with the monks for two or three nights. Yampi caññe samaṇuddesā labhanti bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ dirattatirattaṁ sahaseyyaṁ sāpi te natthi. Go! Away with you!” Cara pire vinassā”ti.

A: Yo panāti

whoever … yo yādiso …pe…

Monk: bhikkhūti

… The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case. …pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.

He knows: Jānāti nāma

he knows by himself or others have told him or the offending novice monastic has told him. sāmaṁ vā jānāti, aññe vā tassa ārocenti, so vā āroceti.

Expelled in this way: Tathānāsitanti

expelled like this. evaṁ nāsitaṁ.

Novice monastic: Samaṇuddeso nāma

novice monk is what is meant. sāmaṇero vuccati.

Befriends: Upalāpeyya vāti

if he befriends him, saying, “I’ll give him a bowl,” “I’ll give him a robe,” “I’ll recite to him,” or “I’ll test him,” he commits an offense entailing confession. tassa pattaṁ vā cīvaraṁ vā uddesaṁ vā paripucchaṁ vā dassāmīti upalāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Is attended on by: Upaṭṭhāpeyya vāti

if he accepts bath powder, soap, a tooth cleaner, or water for rinsing the mouth from him, he commits an offense entailing confession. tassa cuṇṇaṁ vā mattikaṁ vā dantakaṭṭhaṁ vā mukhodakaṁ vā sādiyati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Lives with: Sambhuñjeyya vāti

there are two types of living together: sambhogo nāma dve sambhogā—material living together and spiritual living together. āmisasambhogo ca dhammasambhogo ca.

Material living together: Āmisasambhogo nāma

if he gives or receives material things, he commits an offense entailing confession. āmisaṁ deti vā paṭiggaṇhāti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Spiritual living together: Dhammasambhogo nāma

he recites or has the other recite. If he recites or has the other recite by the line, then for every line he commits an offense entailing confession. uddisati vā uddisāpeti vā, padena uddisati vā uddisāpeti vā, pade pade āpatti pācittiyassa. If he recites or has the other recite by the syllable, then for every syllable he commits an offense entailing confession. Akkharāya uddisati vā uddisāpeti vā, akkharakkharāya āpatti pācittiyassa.

Shares a sleeping place with: Saha vā seyyaṁ kappeyyāti

under the same ceiling: if the monk lies down when the expelled novice monastic is already lying down, he commits an offense entailing confession; ekacchanne nāsitake samaṇuddese nipanne bhikkhu nipajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa. if the monk is already lying down when the expelled novice monastic lies down, he commits an offense entailing confession; Bhikkhu nipanne nāsitako samaṇuddeso nipajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa. if they both lie down together, he commits an offense entailing confession; Ubho vā nipajjanti, āpatti pācittiyassa. every time they get up and then lie down again, he commits an offense entailing confession. Uṭṭhahitvā punappunaṁ nipajjanti, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Permutations

If the novice monastic has been expelled, and he perceives him as such, and he befriends him or is attended on by him or lives with him or shares a sleeping place with him, he commits an offense entailing confession. Nāsitake nāsitakasaññī upalāpeti vā upaṭṭhāpeti vā sambhuñjati vā saha vā seyyaṁ kappeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. If the novice monastic has been expelled, but he is unsure of it, and he befriends him or is attended on by him or lives with him or shares a sleeping place with him, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Nāsitake vematiko upalāpeti vā upaṭṭhāpeti vā sambhuñjati vā saha vā seyyaṁ kappeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. If the novice monastic has been expelled, but he does not perceive him as such, and he befriends him or is attended on by him or lives with him or shares a sleeping place with him, there is no offense. Nāsitake anāsitakasaññī upalāpeti vā upaṭṭhāpeti vā sambhuñjati vā saha vā seyyaṁ kappeti, anāpatti.

If the novice monastic has not been expelled, but he perceives him such, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Anāsitake nāsitakasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa. If the novice monastic has not been expelled, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Anāsitake vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa. If the novice monastic has not been expelled, and he does not perceive him as such, there is no offense. Anāsitake anāsitakasaññī, anāpatti.

Non-offenses

There is no offense: Anāpatti—if he knows that he has not been expelled; anāsitakoti jānāti; if he knows that he has given up that view; taṁ diṭṭhiṁ paṭinissaṭṭhoti jānāti; if he is insane; ummattakassa, if he is the first offender. ādikammikassāti.

The training rule on Kaṇṭaka, the tenth, is finished. Kaṇṭakasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.

The seventh subchapter on containing living beings is finished. Sappāṇakavaggo sattamo.

This is the summary: Tassuddānaṁ

“Intentionally killing, containing living beings, Sañciccavadhasappāṇaṁ, Agitation, concealing what is grave; ukkoṭaṁ duṭṭhullachādanaṁ; Less than twenty, and group of travelers, Ūnavīsati satthañca, Arrangement, on Ariṭṭha; saṁvidhānaṁ ariṭṭhakaṁ; Ejected, and Kaṇṭaka: Ukkhittaṁ kaṇṭakañceva, These ten training rules.” dasa sikkhāpadā imeti.

English Translation

Pāli Text

Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law
The Great Analysis
The chapter on offenses entailing confession
The subchapter on containing living beings

70. The training rule on Kaṇṭaka

Origin story

At one time the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery. At that time the novice monastic Kaṇṭaka had the following bad and erroneous view: “As I understand the teachings of the Buddha, the things he calls obstacles are unable to obstruct one who indulges in them.”

A number of monks heard that the novice monastic Kaṇṭaka had that view. They went to see him and asked, “Is it true, Kaṇṭaka, that you have such a view?”

“Yes, indeed. As I understand the Buddha’s Teaching, the things he calls obstacles are unable to obstruct one who indulges in them.”

“No, Kaṇṭaka, don’t misrepresent the Buddha, for it’s not good to misrepresent him. The Buddha would never say such a thing. The Buddha has given many discourses about the obstacles being obstructive and how they obstruct one who indulges in them. The Buddha has said that the enjoyment provided by worldly pleasures is small, whereas the suffering and trouble with them are huge, and so their drawbacks are greater. …” But even though the monks corrected Kaṇṭaka like this, he stubbornly held on to that bad and erroneous view, and he continued to insist on it.

Since those monks were unable to make him give up that view, they went to the Buddha and told him what had happened. Soon afterwards the Buddha had the Sangha gathered and questioned the Kaṇṭaka: “Is it true, Kaṇṭaka, that you have such a view?”

“Yes indeed, venerable sir.”

“Foolish man, who do you think I have taught like this? Haven’t I given many discourses about the obstacles being obstructive and how they obstruct one who indulges in them? I have said that the enjoyment provided by worldly pleasures is small, whereas the suffering and trouble with them are huge, and so their drawbacks are greater. I have said that worldly pleasures are similar to a skeleton … similar to a snake’s head; the suffering and trouble with them are huge, and so their drawbacks are greater. And yet, foolish man, by misunderstanding you have misrepresented me, hurt yourself, and made much demerit. This will be for your long-lasting harm and suffering.

This will affect people’s confidence, and cause some to lose it.”

Having rebuked him … the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: “Well then, monks, the Sangha should expel the novice monastic Kaṇṭaka. And this is how he should be expelled: ‘From today, Kaṇṭaka, you may not refer to the Buddha as your teacher. And, unlike other novices, you can no longer share a sleeping place with the monks for two or three nights. Go! Away with you!’” The Sangha then expelled Kaṇṭaka.

Soon afterwards the monks from the group of six befriended Kaṇṭaka, and they were attended on by him, lived with him, and shared a sleeping place with him. Yet they knew that he had been expelled. The monks of few desires complained and criticized those monks, “How can the monks from the group of six befriend Kaṇṭaka, and be attended on by him, live with him, and share a sleeping place with him, even though they know that he has been expelled?” … “Is it true, monks, that you do this?”

“It’s true, sir.”

The Buddha rebuked them … “Foolish men, how can you do this? This will affect people’s confidence …” … “And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

Final ruling

‘Also if a novice monastic says, “As I understand the Buddha’s Teaching, the things he calls obstacles are unable to obstruct one who indulges in them,” then the monks should correct him like this: “No, don’t misrepresent the Buddha, for it’s not good to misrepresent the Buddha. The Buddha would never say such a thing. In many discourses the Buddha has declared the obstacles to be obstructive and how they obstruct one who indulges in them.” If that novice monastic continues as before, he should be told: “From today on you may not refer to the Buddha as your teacher. And, unlike other novices, you can no longer share a sleeping place with the monks for two or three nights. Go! Away with you!” If a monk befriends that novice monastic, or he is attended on by him, lives with him, or shares a sleeping place with him, even though he knows that he has been expelled in this way, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Definitions

A novice monastic:

a novice monk is what is meant.

Says:

“As I understand the Buddha’s Teaching, the things he calls obstacles are unable to obstruct one who indulges in them.”

Him:

the novice monastic who speaks in that way.

The monks:

And they should correct him a second time … And they should correct him a third time …

If he gives up that view, all is well. If he does not, he should be told: “From today on you may not refer to the Buddha as your teacher. And, unlike other novices, you can no longer share a sleeping place with the monks for two or three nights. Go! Away with you!”

A:

whoever …

Monk:

He knows:

he knows by himself or others have told him or the offending novice monastic has told him.

Expelled in this way:

expelled like this.

Novice monastic:

novice monk is what is meant.

Befriends:

if he befriends him, saying, “I’ll give him a bowl,” “I’ll give him a robe,” “I’ll recite to him,” or “I’ll test him,” he commits an offense entailing confession.

Is attended on by:

if he accepts bath powder, soap, a tooth cleaner, or water for rinsing the mouth from him, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Lives with:

there are two types of living together: material living together and spiritual living together.

Material living together:

if he gives or receives material things, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Spiritual living together:

he recites or has the other recite. If he recites or has the other recite by the line, then for every line he commits an offense entailing confession. If he recites or has the other recite by the syllable, then for every syllable he commits an offense entailing confession.

Shares a sleeping place with:

under the same ceiling: if the monk lies down when the expelled novice monastic is already lying down, he commits an offense entailing confession; if the monk is already lying down when the expelled novice monastic lies down, he commits an offense entailing confession; if they both lie down together, he commits an offense entailing confession; every time they get up and then lie down again, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Permutations

If the novice monastic has been expelled, and he perceives him as such, and he befriends him or is attended on by him or lives with him or shares a sleeping place with him, he commits an offense entailing confession. If the novice monastic has been expelled, but he is unsure of it, and he befriends him or is attended on by him or lives with him or shares a sleeping place with him, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If the novice monastic has been expelled, but he does not perceive him as such, and he befriends him or is attended on by him or lives with him or shares a sleeping place with him, there is no offense.

If the novice monastic has not been expelled, but he perceives him such, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If the novice monastic has not been expelled, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. If the novice monastic has not been expelled, and he does not perceive him as such, there is no offense.

Non-offenses

There is no offense: if he knows that he has not been expelled; if he knows that he has given up that view; if he is insane; if he is the first offender.

The training rule on Kaṇṭaka, the tenth, is finished.

The seventh subchapter on containing living beings is finished.

This is the summary:

“Intentionally killing, containing living beings, Agitation, concealing what is grave; Less than twenty, and group of travelers, Arrangement, on Ariṭṭha; Ejected, and Kaṇṭaka: These ten training rules.”

Theravāda Vinaya
Mahāvibhaṅga
Pācittiyakaṇḍa
Sappāṇakavagga

70. Kaṇṭakasikkhāpada

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena kaṇṭakassa nāma samaṇuddesassa evarūpaṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ hoti—“tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi, yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā”ti.

Assosuṁ kho sambahulā bhikkhū kaṇṭakassa nāma kira samaṇuddesassa evarūpaṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ—“tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi, yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā, te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā”ti. Atha kho te bhikkhū yena kaṇṭako samaṇuddeso tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ etadavocuṁ—“saccaṁ kira te, āvuso kaṇṭaka, evarūpaṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ—‘tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi, yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’”ti?

“Evaṁ byā kho ahaṁ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi— ‘yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’”ti.

“Mā, āvuso kaṇṭaka, evaṁ avaca. Mā bhagavantaṁ abbhācikkhi. Na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṁ. Na hi bhagavā evaṁ vadeyya. Anekapariyāyenāvuso kaṇṭaka, antarāyikā dhammā antarāyikā vuttā bhagavatā. Alañca pana te paṭisevato antarāyāya. Appassādā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo …pe… evampi kho kaṇṭako samaṇuddeso tehi bhikkhūhi vuccamāno tatheva taṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ thāmasā parāmāsā abhinivissa voharati—“evaṁ byā kho ahaṁ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi— ‘yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’”ti.

Yato ca kho te bhikkhū nāsakkhiṁsu kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ etasmā pāpakā diṭṭhigatā vivecetuṁ, atha kho te bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṁ sannipātāpetvā kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ paṭipucchi—“saccaṁ kira te, kaṇṭaka, evarūpaṁ pāpakaṁ diṭṭhigataṁ uppannaṁ—‘tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi, yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’”ti?

“Evaṁ byā kho ahaṁ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi— ‘yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’”ti.

“Kassa nu kho nāma tvaṁ, moghapurisa, mayā evaṁ dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāsi? Nanu mayā, moghapurisa, anekapariyāyena antarāyikā dhammā antarāyikā vuttā, alañca pana te paṭisevato antarāyāya? Appassādā kāmā vuttā mayā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo. Aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā kāmā vuttā mayā …pe… sappasirūpamā kāmā vuttā mayā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo. Atha ca pana tvaṁ, moghapurisa, attanā duggahitena amhe ceva abbhācikkhasi attānañca khaṇasi bahuñca apuññaṁ pasavasi. Tañhi te, moghapurisa, bhavissati dīgharattaṁ ahitāya dukkhāya.

Netaṁ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… pasannānañca ekaccānaṁ aññathattāyā”ti.

Vigarahitvā …pe… dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—“tena hi, bhikkhave, saṅgho kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ nāsetu. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, nāsetabbo—‘ajjatagge te, āvuso kaṇṭaka, na ceva so bhagavā satthā apadisitabbo. Yampi caññe samaṇuddesā labhanti bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ dirattatirattaṁ sahaseyyaṁ sāpi te natthi. Cara pire vinassā’”ti. Atha kho saṅgho kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ nāsesi.

Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū jānaṁ tathānāsitaṁ kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ upalāpentipi upaṭṭhāpentipi sambhuñjantipi sahāpi seyyaṁ kappenti. Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū jānaṁ tathānāsitaṁ kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ upalāpessantipi upaṭṭhāpessantipi sambhuñjissantipi sahāpi seyyaṁ kappessantī”ti …pe… “saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, jānaṁ tathānāsitaṁ kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ upalāpethāpi upaṭṭhāpethāpi sambhuñjathāpi sahāpi seyyaṁ kappethā”ti?

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, jānaṁ tathānāsitaṁ kaṇṭakaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ upalāpessathāpi upaṭṭhāpessathāpi sambhuñjissathāpi sahāpi seyyaṁ kappessatha. Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

“Samaṇuddesopi ce evaṁ vadeyya—‘tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi, yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā’ti, so samaṇuddeso bhikkhūhi evamassa vacanīyo—‘māvuso samaṇuddesa, evaṁ avaca, mā bhagavantaṁ abbhācikkhi, na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṁ, na hi bhagavā evaṁ vadeyya. Anekapariyāyenāvuso samaṇuddesa, antarāyikā dhammā antarāyikā vuttā bhagavatā. Alañca pana te paṭisevato antarāyāyā’ti. Evañca so samaṇuddeso bhikkhūhi vuccamāno tatheva paggaṇheyya, so samaṇuddeso bhikkhūhi evamassa vacanīyo—‘ajjatagge te, āvuso samaṇuddesa, na ceva so bhagavā satthā apadisitabbo. Yampi caññe samaṇuddesā labhanti bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ dirattatirattaṁ sahaseyyaṁ sāpi te natthi. Cara pire vinassā’ti. Yo pana bhikkhu jānaṁ tathānāsitaṁ samaṇuddesaṁ upalāpeyya vā upaṭṭhāpeyya vā sambhuñjeyya vā saha vā seyyaṁ kappeyya, pācittiyan”ti.

Samaṇuddeso nāma

sāmaṇero vuccati.

Evaṁ vadeyyāti—

“tathāhaṁ bhagavatā dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi, yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā, te paṭisevato nālaṁ antarāyāyā”ti.

So samaṇuddesoti

yo so evaṁvādī samaṇuddeso.

Bhikkhūhīti

aññehi bhikkhūhi, ye passanti ye suṇanti tehi vattabbo— “mā, āvuso samaṇuddesa, evaṁ avaca. Mā bhagavantaṁ abbhācikkhi. Na hi sādhu bhagavato abbhakkhānaṁ. Na hi bhagavā evaṁ vadeyya. Anekapariyāyenāvuso samaṇuddesa, antarāyikā dhammā antarāyikā vuttā bhagavatā. Alañca pana te paṭisevato antarāyāyā”ti.

Dutiyampi vattabbo … tatiyampi vattabbo …

sace paṭinissajjati iccetaṁ kusalaṁ, no ce paṭinissajjati so samaṇuddeso bhikkhūhi evamassa vacanīyo—“ajjatagge te, āvuso samaṇuddesa, na ceva so bhagavā satthā apadisitabbo. Yampi caññe samaṇuddesā labhanti bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ dirattatirattaṁ sahaseyyaṁ sāpi te natthi. Cara pire vinassā”ti.

Yo panāti

yo yādiso …pe…

bhikkhūti

…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.

Jānāti nāma

sāmaṁ vā jānāti, aññe vā tassa ārocenti, so vā āroceti.

Tathānāsitanti

evaṁ nāsitaṁ.

Samaṇuddeso nāma

sāmaṇero vuccati.

Upalāpeyya vāti

tassa pattaṁ vā cīvaraṁ vā uddesaṁ vā paripucchaṁ vā dassāmīti upalāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Upaṭṭhāpeyya vāti

tassa cuṇṇaṁ vā mattikaṁ vā dantakaṭṭhaṁ vā mukhodakaṁ vā sādiyati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Sambhuñjeyya vāti

sambhogo nāma dve sambhogā—āmisasambhogo ca dhammasambhogo ca.

Āmisasambhogo nāma

āmisaṁ deti vā paṭiggaṇhāti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Dhammasambhogo nāma

uddisati vā uddisāpeti vā, padena uddisati vā uddisāpeti vā, pade pade āpatti pācittiyassa. Akkharāya uddisati vā uddisāpeti vā, akkharakkharāya āpatti pācittiyassa.

Saha vā seyyaṁ kappeyyāti

ekacchanne nāsitake samaṇuddese nipanne bhikkhu nipajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Bhikkhu nipanne nāsitako samaṇuddeso nipajjati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Ubho vā nipajjanti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Uṭṭhahitvā punappunaṁ nipajjanti, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Nāsitake nāsitakasaññī upalāpeti vā upaṭṭhāpeti vā sambhuñjati vā saha vā seyyaṁ kappeti, āpatti pācittiyassa. Nāsitake vematiko upalāpeti vā upaṭṭhāpeti vā sambhuñjati vā saha vā seyyaṁ kappeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Nāsitake anāsitakasaññī upalāpeti vā upaṭṭhāpeti vā sambhuñjati vā saha vā seyyaṁ kappeti, anāpatti.

Anāsitake nāsitakasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anāsitake vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Anāsitake anāsitakasaññī, anāpatti.

Anāpatti—anāsitakoti jānāti; taṁ diṭṭhiṁ paṭinissaṭṭhoti jānāti; ummattakassa, ādikammikassāti.

Kaṇṭakasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.

Sappāṇakavaggo sattamo.

Tassuddānaṁ

Sañciccavadhasappāṇaṁ, ukkoṭaṁ duṭṭhullachādanaṁ; Ūnavīsati satthañca, saṁvidhānaṁ ariṭṭhakaṁ; Ukkhittaṁ kaṇṭakañceva, dasa sikkhāpadā imeti.

Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law Theravāda Vinaya
The Great Analysis Mahāvibhaṅga
The chapter on offenses entailing confession Pācittiyakaṇḍa
The subchapter on containing living beings Sappāṇakavagga

70. The training rule on Kaṇṭaka 70. Kaṇṭakasikkhāpada

Origin story

This will affect people’s confidence, Netaṁ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… and cause some to lose it.” pasannānañca ekaccānaṁ aññathattāyā”ti.

“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

Final ruling

Definitions

A novice monastic: Samaṇuddeso nāma

a novice monk is what is meant. sāmaṇero vuccati.

Says: Evaṁ vadeyyāti—

Him: So samaṇuddesoti

the novice monastic who speaks in that way. yo so evaṁvādī samaṇuddeso.

The monks: Bhikkhūhīti

And they should correct him a second time … Dutiyampi vattabbo … And they should correct him a third time … tatiyampi vattabbo …

A: Yo panāti

whoever … yo yādiso …pe…

Monk: bhikkhūti

He knows: Jānāti nāma

he knows by himself or others have told him or the offending novice monastic has told him. sāmaṁ vā jānāti, aññe vā tassa ārocenti, so vā āroceti.

Expelled in this way: Tathānāsitanti

expelled like this. evaṁ nāsitaṁ.

Novice monastic: Samaṇuddeso nāma

novice monk is what is meant. sāmaṇero vuccati.

Befriends: Upalāpeyya vāti

Is attended on by: Upaṭṭhāpeyya vāti

Lives with: Sambhuñjeyya vāti

there are two types of living together: sambhogo nāma dve sambhogā—material living together and spiritual living together. āmisasambhogo ca dhammasambhogo ca.

Material living together: Āmisasambhogo nāma

if he gives or receives material things, he commits an offense entailing confession. āmisaṁ deti vā paṭiggaṇhāti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Spiritual living together: Dhammasambhogo nāma

Shares a sleeping place with: Saha vā seyyaṁ kappeyyāti

Permutations

Non-offenses

The training rule on Kaṇṭaka, the tenth, is finished. Kaṇṭakasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.

The seventh subchapter on containing living beings is finished. Sappāṇakavaggo sattamo.

This is the summary: Tassuddānaṁ

“Intentionally killing, containing living beings, Sañciccavadhasappāṇaṁ, Agitation, concealing what is grave; ukkoṭaṁ duṭṭhullachādanaṁ; Less than twenty, and group of travelers, Ūnavīsati satthañca, Arrangement, on Ariṭṭha; saṁvidhānaṁ ariṭṭhakaṁ; Ejected, and Kaṇṭaka: Ukkhittaṁ kaṇṭakañceva, These ten training rules.” dasa sikkhāpadā imeti.