Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law Theravāda Vinaya
The Great Analysis Mahāvibhaṅga
The chapter on offenses entailing confession Pācittiyakaṇḍa
The subchapter on lying Musāvādavagga

9. The training rule on telling about what is grave 9. Duṭṭhullārocanasikkhāpada

Origin story

At one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery, Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Venerable Upananda the Sakyan was quarreling with the monks from the group of six. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā upanando sakyaputto chabbaggiyehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ bhaṇḍanakato hoti.

He then committed an offense of intentional emission of semen. He asked the Sangha for probation for that offense, So sañcetanikaṁ sukkavissaṭṭhiṁ āpattiṁ āpajjitvā saṅghaṁ tassā āpattiyā parivāsaṁ yāci. which he received. Tassa saṅgho tassā āpattiyā parivāsaṁ adāsi. Just then an association in Sāvatthī was offering a meal to the Sangha. Tena kho pana samayena sāvatthiyaṁ aññatarassa pūgassa saṅghabhattaṁ hoti. Because Upananda was on probation, he sat on the last seat in the dining hall. So parivasanto bhattagge āsanapariyante nisīdi. The monks from the group of six then told those lay followers, Chabbaggiyā bhikkhū te upāsake etadavocuṁ—“This Venerable Upananda, the esteemed associate of your families, eats the food given in faith with the same hand he uses to masturbate. “eso, āvuso, āyasmā upanando sakyaputto tumhākaṁ sambhāvito kulūpako; yeneva hatthena saddhādeyyaṁ bhuñjati teneva hatthena upakkamitvā asuciṁ mocesi. After committing an offense of intentional emission of semen, he asked the Sangha for probation for that offense, So sañcetanikaṁ sukkavissaṭṭhiṁ āpattiṁ āpajjitvā saṅghaṁ tassā āpattiyā parivāsaṁ yāci. which he received. Tassa saṅgho tassā āpattiyā parivāsaṁ adāsi. And because he’s on probation, he now sits on the last seat.” So parivasanto āsanapariyante nisinno”ti.

The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“How could the monks from the group of six tell a person who’s not fully ordained about a monk’s grave offense?” … “kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū bhikkhussa duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ anupasampannassa ārocessantī”ti …pe… “Is it true, monks, that you did this?” “saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, bhikkhussa duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ anupasampannassa ārocethā”ti?

“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

The Buddha rebuked them … Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… “Foolish men, how could you do this? kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, bhikkhussa duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ anupasampannassa ārocessatha. This will affect people’s confidence …” … Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… “And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this: evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

Final ruling

‘If a monk tells a person who is not fully ordained about a monk’s grave offense, except if the monks have agreed, he commits an offense entailing confession.’” “Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhussa duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ anupasampannassa āroceyya, aññatra bhikkhusammutiyā, pācittiyan”ti.

Definitions

A: Yo panāti: whoever … yo yādiso …pe…
Monk: bhikkhūti: … The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case. …pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.
A monk’s: Bhikkhussāti: another monk’s. aññassa bhikkhussa.
A grave offense: Duṭṭhullā nāma āpatti—: the four offenses entailing expulsion and the thirteen entailing suspension. cattāri ca pārājikāni, terasa ca saṅghādisesā.
A person who is not fully ordained: Anupasampanno nāma: anyone except a fully ordained monk or a fully ordained nun. bhikkhuñca bhikkhuniñca ṭhapetvā avaseso anupasampanno nāma.
Tells: Āroceyyāti: tells a woman or a man, a lay person or a monastic. āroceyya itthiyā vā purisassa vā gahaṭṭhassa vā pabbajitassa vā.
Except if the monks have agreed: Aññatra bhikkhusammutiyāti: unless the monks have agreed. ṭhapetvā bhikkhusammutiṁ.

Permutations

Permutations part 1

Summary

There is agreement of the monks with a limit on offenses, but not on families. Atthi bhikkhusammuti āpattipariyantā, na kulapariyantā. There is agreement of the monks with a limit on families, but not on offenses. There is agreement of the monks with a limit both on offenses and on families. There is agreement of the monks with neither a limit on offenses nor on families. Atthi bhikkhusammuti kulapariyantā, na āpattipariyantā, atthi bhikkhusammuti āpattipariyantā ca kulapariyantā ca, atthi bhikkhusammuti neva āpattipariyantā na kulapariyantā.

Definitions

With a limit on offenses: Āpattipariyantā nāma: offenses are specified: “These particular offenses can be told about.” āpattiyo pariggahitāyo honti— “ettakāhi āpattīhi ārocetabbo”ti.
With limit on families: Kulapariyantā nāma: families are specified: “These particular families can be told.” kulāni pariggahitāni honti— “ettakesu kulesu ārocetabbo”ti.
With a limit both on offenses and on families: Āpattipariyantā ca kulapariyantā ca nāma: both offenses and families are specified: “These particular offenses can be told about, and these particular families can be told.” āpattiyo ca pariggahitāyo honti, kulāni ca pariggahitāni honti— “ettakāhi āpattīhi ettakesu kulesu ārocetabbo”ti.
With neither a limit on offenses nor on families: Neva āpattipariyantā na kulapariyantā nāma: neither offenses nor families are specified in this way. āpattiyo ca apariggahitāyo honti, kulāni ca apariggahitāni honti— “ettakāhi āpattīhi ettakesu kulesu ārocetabbo”ti.

Exposition

When there is a limit on offenses, if he tells about other offenses than those that are specified, he commits an offense entailing confession. Āpattipariyante yā āpattiyo pariggahitāyo honti, tā āpattiyo ṭhapetvā aññāhi āpattīhi āroceti, āpatti pācittiyassa.

When there is a limit on families, if he tells other families than those that are specified, he commits an offense entailing confession. Kulapariyante yāni kulāni pariggahitāni honti, tāni kulāni ṭhapetvā aññesu kulesu āroceti, āpatti pācittiyassa.

When there is a limit both on offenses and on families, if he tells about other offenses than those that are specified or he tells other families than those that are specified, he commits an offense entailing confession. Āpattipariyante ca kulapariyante ca yā āpattiyo pariggahitāyo honti, tā āpattiyo ṭhapetvā yāni kulāni pariggahitāni honti, tāni kulāni ṭhapetvā aññāhi āpattīhi aññesu kulesu āroceti, āpatti pācittiyassa.

When there is neither a limit on offenses nor on families, there is no offense. Neva āpattipariyante na kulapariyante, anāpatti.

Permutations part 2

If the offense is grave, and he perceives it as such, and he tells a person who is not fully ordained, then, except if the monks have agreed, he commits an offense entailing confession. Duṭṭhullāya āpattiyā duṭṭhullāpattisaññī anupasampannassa āroceti, aññatra bhikkhusammutiyā, āpatti pācittiyassa.

If the offense is grave, but he is unsure of it, and he tells a person who is not fully ordained, then, except if the monks have agreed, he commits an offense entailing confession. Duṭṭhullāya āpattiyā vematiko anupasampannassa āroceti, aññatra bhikkhusammutiyā, āpatti pācittiyassa.

If the offense is grave, but he perceives it as minor, and he tells a person who is not fully ordained, then, except if the monks have agreed, he commits an offense entailing confession. Duṭṭhullāya āpattiyā aduṭṭhullāpattisaññī anupasampannassa āroceti, aññatra bhikkhusammutiyā, āpatti pācittiyassa.

If he tells about a minor offense, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ āroceti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

If he tells about the misconduct of a person who is not fully ordained, whether grave or minor, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Anupasampannassa duṭṭhullaṁ vā aduṭṭhullaṁ vā ajjhācāraṁ āroceti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

If the offense is minor, but he perceives it as grave, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Aduṭṭhullāya āpattiyā duṭṭhullāpattisaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

If the offense is minor, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Aduṭṭhullāya āpattiyā vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

If the offense is minor, and he perceives it as such, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Aduṭṭhullāya āpattiyā aduṭṭhullāpattisaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Non-offenses

There is no offense: Anāpatti—if he tells about the action that was the basis for the offense, but not the class of offense; vatthuṁ āroceti no āpattiṁ, if he tells about the class of offense, but not the action that was the basis for the offense; āpattiṁ āroceti no vatthuṁ, if the monks have agreed; bhikkhusammutiyā, if he is insane; ummattakassa, if he is the first offender. ādikammikassāti.

The training rule on telling about what is grave, the ninth, is finished. Duṭṭhullārocanasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ navamaṁ.

English Translation

Pāli Text

Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law
The Great Analysis
The chapter on offenses entailing confession
The subchapter on lying

9. The training rule on telling about what is grave

Origin story

At one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery, Venerable Upananda the Sakyan was quarreling with the monks from the group of six.

He then committed an offense of intentional emission of semen. He asked the Sangha for probation for that offense, which he received. Just then an association in Sāvatthī was offering a meal to the Sangha. Because Upananda was on probation, he sat on the last seat in the dining hall. The monks from the group of six then told those lay followers, “This Venerable Upananda, the esteemed associate of your families, eats the food given in faith with the same hand he uses to masturbate. After committing an offense of intentional emission of semen, he asked the Sangha for probation for that offense, which he received. And because he’s on probation, he now sits on the last seat.”

The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, “How could the monks from the group of six tell a person who’s not fully ordained about a monk’s grave offense?” … “Is it true, monks, that you did this?”

“It’s true, sir.”

The Buddha rebuked them … “Foolish men, how could you do this? This will affect people’s confidence …” … “And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

Final ruling

‘If a monk tells a person who is not fully ordained about a monk’s grave offense, except if the monks have agreed, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Definitions

A:: whoever …
Monk:: … The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.
A monk’s:: another monk’s.
A grave offense:: the four offenses entailing expulsion and the thirteen entailing suspension.
A person who is not fully ordained:: anyone except a fully ordained monk or a fully ordained nun.
Tells:: tells a woman or a man, a lay person or a monastic.
Except if the monks have agreed:: unless the monks have agreed.

Permutations

Permutations part 1

Summary

There is agreement of the monks with a limit on offenses, but not on families. There is agreement of the monks with a limit on families, but not on offenses. There is agreement of the monks with a limit both on offenses and on families. There is agreement of the monks with neither a limit on offenses nor on families.

Definitions

With a limit on offenses:: offenses are specified: “These particular offenses can be told about.”
With limit on families:: families are specified: “These particular families can be told.”
With a limit both on offenses and on families:: both offenses and families are specified: “These particular offenses can be told about, and these particular families can be told.”
With neither a limit on offenses nor on families:: neither offenses nor families are specified in this way.

Exposition

When there is a limit on offenses, if he tells about other offenses than those that are specified, he commits an offense entailing confession.

When there is a limit on families, if he tells other families than those that are specified, he commits an offense entailing confession.

When there is neither a limit on offenses nor on families, there is no offense.

Permutations part 2

If the offense is grave, and he perceives it as such, and he tells a person who is not fully ordained, then, except if the monks have agreed, he commits an offense entailing confession.

If the offense is grave, but he is unsure of it, and he tells a person who is not fully ordained, then, except if the monks have agreed, he commits an offense entailing confession.

If the offense is grave, but he perceives it as minor, and he tells a person who is not fully ordained, then, except if the monks have agreed, he commits an offense entailing confession.

If he tells about a minor offense, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

If he tells about the misconduct of a person who is not fully ordained, whether grave or minor, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

If the offense is minor, but he perceives it as grave, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

If the offense is minor, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

If the offense is minor, and he perceives it as such, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Non-offenses

There is no offense: if he tells about the action that was the basis for the offense, but not the class of offense; if he tells about the class of offense, but not the action that was the basis for the offense; if the monks have agreed; if he is insane; if he is the first offender.

The training rule on telling about what is grave, the ninth, is finished.

Theravāda Vinaya
Mahāvibhaṅga
Pācittiyakaṇḍa
Musāvādavagga

9. Duṭṭhullārocanasikkhāpada

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā upanando sakyaputto chabbaggiyehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ bhaṇḍanakato hoti.

So sañcetanikaṁ sukkavissaṭṭhiṁ āpattiṁ āpajjitvā saṅghaṁ tassā āpattiyā parivāsaṁ yāci. Tassa saṅgho tassā āpattiyā parivāsaṁ adāsi. Tena kho pana samayena sāvatthiyaṁ aññatarassa pūgassa saṅghabhattaṁ hoti. So parivasanto bhattagge āsanapariyante nisīdi. Chabbaggiyā bhikkhū te upāsake etadavocuṁ—“eso, āvuso, āyasmā upanando sakyaputto tumhākaṁ sambhāvito kulūpako; yeneva hatthena saddhādeyyaṁ bhuñjati teneva hatthena upakkamitvā asuciṁ mocesi. So sañcetanikaṁ sukkavissaṭṭhiṁ āpattiṁ āpajjitvā saṅghaṁ tassā āpattiyā parivāsaṁ yāci. Tassa saṅgho tassā āpattiyā parivāsaṁ adāsi. So parivasanto āsanapariyante nisinno”ti.

Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū bhikkhussa duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ anupasampannassa ārocessantī”ti …pe… “saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, bhikkhussa duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ anupasampannassa ārocethā”ti?

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, bhikkhussa duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ anupasampannassa ārocessatha. Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—

“Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhussa duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ anupasampannassa āroceyya, aññatra bhikkhusammutiyā, pācittiyan”ti.

Yo panāti: yo yādiso …pe…
bhikkhūti: …pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.
Bhikkhussāti: aññassa bhikkhussa.
Duṭṭhullā nāma āpatti—: cattāri ca pārājikāni, terasa ca saṅghādisesā.
Anupasampanno nāma: bhikkhuñca bhikkhuniñca ṭhapetvā avaseso anupasampanno nāma.
Āroceyyāti: āroceyya itthiyā vā purisassa vā gahaṭṭhassa vā pabbajitassa vā.
Aññatra bhikkhusammutiyāti: ṭhapetvā bhikkhusammutiṁ.

Atthi bhikkhusammuti āpattipariyantā, na kulapariyantā. Atthi bhikkhusammuti kulapariyantā, na āpattipariyantā, atthi bhikkhusammuti āpattipariyantā ca kulapariyantā ca, atthi bhikkhusammuti neva āpattipariyantā na kulapariyantā.

Āpattipariyantā nāma: āpattiyo pariggahitāyo honti— “ettakāhi āpattīhi ārocetabbo”ti.
Kulapariyantā nāma: kulāni pariggahitāni honti— “ettakesu kulesu ārocetabbo”ti.
Āpattipariyantā ca kulapariyantā ca nāma: āpattiyo ca pariggahitāyo honti, kulāni ca pariggahitāni honti— “ettakāhi āpattīhi ettakesu kulesu ārocetabbo”ti.
Neva āpattipariyantā na kulapariyantā nāma: āpattiyo ca apariggahitāyo honti, kulāni ca apariggahitāni honti— “ettakāhi āpattīhi ettakesu kulesu ārocetabbo”ti.

Āpattipariyante yā āpattiyo pariggahitāyo honti, tā āpattiyo ṭhapetvā aññāhi āpattīhi āroceti, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Kulapariyante yāni kulāni pariggahitāni honti, tāni kulāni ṭhapetvā aññesu kulesu āroceti, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Āpattipariyante ca kulapariyante ca yā āpattiyo pariggahitāyo honti, tā āpattiyo ṭhapetvā yāni kulāni pariggahitāni honti, tāni kulāni ṭhapetvā aññāhi āpattīhi aññesu kulesu āroceti, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Neva āpattipariyante na kulapariyante, anāpatti.

Duṭṭhullāya āpattiyā duṭṭhullāpattisaññī anupasampannassa āroceti, aññatra bhikkhusammutiyā, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Duṭṭhullāya āpattiyā vematiko anupasampannassa āroceti, aññatra bhikkhusammutiyā, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Duṭṭhullāya āpattiyā aduṭṭhullāpattisaññī anupasampannassa āroceti, aññatra bhikkhusammutiyā, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ āroceti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Anupasampannassa duṭṭhullaṁ vā aduṭṭhullaṁ vā ajjhācāraṁ āroceti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Aduṭṭhullāya āpattiyā duṭṭhullāpattisaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Aduṭṭhullāya āpattiyā vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Aduṭṭhullāya āpattiyā aduṭṭhullāpattisaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Anāpatti—vatthuṁ āroceti no āpattiṁ, āpattiṁ āroceti no vatthuṁ, bhikkhusammutiyā, ummattakassa, ādikammikassāti.

Duṭṭhullārocanasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ navamaṁ.

Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law Theravāda Vinaya
The Great Analysis Mahāvibhaṅga
The chapter on offenses entailing confession Pācittiyakaṇḍa
The subchapter on lying Musāvādavagga

9. The training rule on telling about what is grave 9. Duṭṭhullārocanasikkhāpada

Origin story

“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

Final ruling

Definitions

A: Yo panāti: whoever … yo yādiso …pe…
Monk: bhikkhūti: … The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case. …pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.
A monk’s: Bhikkhussāti: another monk’s. aññassa bhikkhussa.
A grave offense: Duṭṭhullā nāma āpatti—: the four offenses entailing expulsion and the thirteen entailing suspension. cattāri ca pārājikāni, terasa ca saṅghādisesā.
A person who is not fully ordained: Anupasampanno nāma: anyone except a fully ordained monk or a fully ordained nun. bhikkhuñca bhikkhuniñca ṭhapetvā avaseso anupasampanno nāma.
Tells: Āroceyyāti: tells a woman or a man, a lay person or a monastic. āroceyya itthiyā vā purisassa vā gahaṭṭhassa vā pabbajitassa vā.
Except if the monks have agreed: Aññatra bhikkhusammutiyāti: unless the monks have agreed. ṭhapetvā bhikkhusammutiṁ.

Permutations

Permutations part 1

Summary

Definitions

With a limit on offenses: Āpattipariyantā nāma: offenses are specified: “These particular offenses can be told about.” āpattiyo pariggahitāyo honti— “ettakāhi āpattīhi ārocetabbo”ti.
With limit on families: Kulapariyantā nāma: families are specified: “These particular families can be told.” kulāni pariggahitāni honti— “ettakesu kulesu ārocetabbo”ti.
With a limit both on offenses and on families: Āpattipariyantā ca kulapariyantā ca nāma: both offenses and families are specified: “These particular offenses can be told about, and these particular families can be told.” āpattiyo ca pariggahitāyo honti, kulāni ca pariggahitāni honti— “ettakāhi āpattīhi ettakesu kulesu ārocetabbo”ti.
With neither a limit on offenses nor on families: Neva āpattipariyantā na kulapariyantā nāma: neither offenses nor families are specified in this way. āpattiyo ca apariggahitāyo honti, kulāni ca apariggahitāni honti— “ettakāhi āpattīhi ettakesu kulesu ārocetabbo”ti.

Exposition

When there is neither a limit on offenses nor on families, there is no offense. Neva āpattipariyante na kulapariyante, anāpatti.

Permutations part 2

If he tells about a minor offense, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ āroceti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

If the offense is minor, but he perceives it as grave, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Aduṭṭhullāya āpattiyā duṭṭhullāpattisaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

If the offense is minor, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Aduṭṭhullāya āpattiyā vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

If the offense is minor, and he perceives it as such, he commits an offense of wrong conduct. Aduṭṭhullāya āpattiyā aduṭṭhullāpattisaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Non-offenses

The training rule on telling about what is grave, the ninth, is finished. Duṭṭhullārocanasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ navamaṁ.