• Points of ControversyKathāvatthu
  • Points of ControversyMahāpaṇṇāsaka
  • 6.6 Of SpaceChaṭṭhavagga

Controverted Point: That space is unconditioned.Ākāsakathā

Controverted PointĀkāso asaṅkhatoti? Theravādin:If space is unconditioned, as you affirm, you must class it withNibbāna, or you must affirm two [sortsĀmantā. of] unconditioned—and so twoNibbānas—all of which you deny … .Nibbānaṁ tāṇaṁ leṇaṁ saraṇaṁ parāyanaṁ accutaṁ amatanti? Can anyone make space where there has been no space? Then one can make that which is conditioned unconditioned—which you deny … So, too, for the reverse process … .Na hevaṁ vattabbe …pe… Again, if you admit that birds go through space, moon, sun, and stars go through space, supernormal movement is worked in space, the arm or hand is waved in space, clods, clubs, a supernormally moved person, arrows are projected through space, you must state as much about movement through or in the unconditioned—which you cannot … .ākāso asaṅkhato, nibbānaṁ asaṅkhatanti? Again, if people enclose space when they make houses or barns, do they enclose the unconditioned? Or when a well is dug, does non-space become space? Yes? Then does the unconditioned become conditioned? Or, when an empty well, or an empty barn, or an empty jar, is filled, does “space” disappear? If so, does the unconditioned disappear?Āmantā. Uttarāpathaka, Mahiṁsāsaka:If then it is wrong to say space is unconditioned, is it conditioned? You deny. Then it must be unconditioned.Dve asaṅkhatānīti? Uttarāpathaka, Mahiṁsāsaka:Na hevaṁ vattabbe …pe…. Shwe Zan AungDve asaṅkhatānīti? This SuttaCentral edition was prepared byManfred WierichandVen. Vimalaand proofread byJosephine Tobin. Some changes were introduced:Āmantā. Manfred WierichDve tāṇāni …pe… antarikā vāti? Ven. VimalaNa hevaṁ vattabbe …pe….

Josephine TobinĀkāso asaṅkhatoti? Abbreviations, i.e., those of cited works and the participants in the controversies, were expanded.Cross-references were linked.Some typographic changes were introduced, among others, i.e.: the phonetic symbol “ŋ” was changed to the Pāli diacritical letter “ṃ”, “ô” to “o”, single quotes to double quotes, and “:—” to “:”.Letter-spacing with fixed spaces was replaced with bold font.The corrigenda were merged into the text. Some could not be resolved, though.Āmantā. Abbreviations, i.e., those of cited works and the participants in the controversies, were expanded.Atthi keci anākāsaṁ ākāsaṁ karontīti? Cross-references were linked.Āmantā. Some typographic changes were introduced, among others, i.e.: the phonetic symbol “ŋ” was changed to the Pāli diacritical letter “ṃ”, “ô” to “o”, single quotes to double quotes, and “:—” to “:”.Atthi keci saṅkhataṁ asaṅkhataṁ karontīti? Letter-spacing with fixed spaces was replaced with bold font.Na hevaṁ vattabbe …pe… The corrigenda were merged into the text. Some could not be resolved, though.atthi keci ākāsaṁ anākāsaṁ karontīti? This electronic version is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 3.0 licence (CC BY-NC 3.0) as found here:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/Āmantā. All copyright is owned by the Pali Text Society. See also the statement under http://www.palitext.com/ → Publications → Copyright Announcement. For non-commercial use only.Atthi keci asaṅkhataṁ saṅkhataṁ karontīti? Na hevaṁ vattabbe …pe….

Ākāse pakkhino gacchanti, candimasūriyā gacchanti, tārakarūpāni gacchanti, iddhiṁ vikubbanti, bāhuṁ cālenti, pāṇiṁ cālenti, leḍḍuṁ khipanti, laguḷaṁ khipanti, iddhiṁ khipanti, usuṁ khipantīti? Āmantā. Asaṅkhate pakkhino gacchanti, candimasūriyā gacchanti, tārakarūpāni gacchanti, iddhiṁ vikubbanti, bāhuṁ cālenti, pāṇiṁ cālenti, leḍḍuṁ khipanti, laguḷaṁ khipanti, iddhiṁ khipanti, usuṁ khipantīti? Na hevaṁ vattabbe …pe….

Ākāsaṁ parivāretvā gharāni karonti koṭṭhāni karontīti? Āmantā. Asaṅkhataṁ parivāretvā gharāni karonti koṭṭhāni karontīti? Na hevaṁ vattabbe …pe….

Udapāne khaññamāne anākāso ākāso hotīti? Āmantā. Saṅkhataṁ asaṅkhataṁ hotīti? Na hevaṁ vattabbe …pe….

Tucchaudapāne pūriyamāne, tucchakoṭṭhe pūriyamāne, tucchakumbhiyā pūriyamānāya ākāso antaradhāyatīti? Āmantā. Asaṅkhataṁ antaradhāyatīti? Na hevaṁ vattabbe …pe….

Na vattabbaṁ—“ākāso asaṅkhato”ti? Āmantā. Ākāso saṅkhatoti? Na hevaṁ vattabbe …pe… tena hi ākāso asaṅkhatoti.

Ākāsakathā niṭṭhitā.