• Linked Discourses 22.62 Saṁyutta Nikāya 22.62
  • 6. Involvement 6. Upayavagga

The Scope of Definition Niruttipathasutta

At Sāvatthī. Sāvatthinidānaṁ.

ā€œMendicants, there are these three scopes of definition, labeling, and description. They’re uncorrupted, as they have been since the beginning. They’re not being corrupted now, nor will they be. Sensible ascetics and brahmins don’t look down on them. ā€œTayome, bhikkhave, niruttipathā adhivacanapathā paƱƱattipathā asaį¹…kiṇṇā asaį¹…kiṇṇapubbā, na saį¹…kÄ«yanti, na saį¹…kÄ«yissanti, appaį¹­ikuį¹­į¹­hā samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhi. What three? Katame tayo? When form has passed, ceased, and perished, its designation, label, and description is ā€˜was’. Yaṁ, bhikkhave, rÅ«paṁ atÄ«taṁ niruddhaṁ vipariṇataṁ ā€˜ahosī’ti tassa saį¹…khā, ā€˜ahosī’ti tassa samaƱƱā, ā€˜ahosī’ti tassa paƱƱatti; It’s not ā€˜is’ or ā€˜will be’. na tassa saį¹…khā ā€˜atthī’ti, na tassa saį¹…khā ā€˜bhavissatī’ti.

When feeling … Yā vedanā atÄ«tā niruddhā vipariṇatā ā€˜ahosī’ti tassā saį¹…khā, ā€˜ahosī’ti tassā samaƱƱā, ā€˜ahosī’ti tassā paƱƱatti; na tassā saį¹…khā ā€˜atthī’ti, na tassā saį¹…khā ā€˜bhavissatī’ti.

perception … Yā saƱƱā …

choices … ye saį¹…khārā atÄ«tā niruddhā vipariṇatā ā€˜ahesun’ti tesaṁ saį¹…khā, ā€˜ahesun’ti tesaṁ samaƱƱā, ā€˜ahesun’ti tesaṁ paƱƱatti; na tesaṁ saį¹…khā ā€˜atthī’ti, na tesaṁ saį¹…khā ā€˜bhavissantī’ti.

consciousness has passed, ceased, and perished, its designation, label, and description is ā€˜was’. Yaṁ viññāṇaṁ atÄ«taṁ niruddhaṁ vipariṇataṁ, ā€˜ahosī’ti tassa saį¹…khā, ā€˜ahosī’ti tassa samaƱƱā, ā€˜ahosī’ti tassa paƱƱatti; It’s not ā€˜is’ or ā€˜will be’. na tassa saį¹…khā ā€˜atthī’ti, na tassa saį¹…khā ā€˜bhavissatī’ti.

When form is not yet born, and has not yet appeared, its designation, label, and description is ā€˜will be’. Yaṁ, bhikkhave, rÅ«paṁ ajātaṁ apātubhÅ«taṁ, ā€˜bhavissatī’ti tassa saį¹…khā, ā€˜bhavissatī’ti tassa samaƱƱā, ā€˜bhavissatī’ti tassa paƱƱatti; It’s not ā€˜is’ or ā€˜was’. na tassa saį¹…khā ā€˜atthī’ti, na tassa saį¹…khā ā€˜ahosī’ti.

When feeling … Yā vedanā ajātā apātubhÅ«tā, ā€˜bhavissatī’ti tassā saį¹…khā, ā€˜bhavissatī’ti tassā samaƱƱā, ā€˜bhavissatī’ti tassā paƱƱatti; na tassā saį¹…khā ā€˜atthī’ti, na tassā saį¹…khā ā€˜ahosī’ti.

perception … Yā saƱƱā …

choices … ye saį¹…khārā ajātā apātubhÅ«tā, ā€˜bhavissantī’ti tesaṁ saį¹…khā, ā€˜bhavissantī’ti tesaṁ samaƱƱā, ā€˜bhavissantī’ti tesaṁ paƱƱatti; na tesaṁ saį¹…khā ā€˜atthī’ti, na tesaṁ saį¹…khā ā€˜ahesun’ti.

consciousness is not yet born, and has not yet appeared, its designation, label, and description is ā€˜will be’. Yaṁ viññāṇaṁ ajātaṁ apātubhÅ«taṁ, ā€˜bhavissatī’ti tassa saį¹…khā, ā€˜bhavissatī’ti tassa samaƱƱā, ā€˜bhavissatī’ti tassa paƱƱatti; It’s not ā€˜is’ or ā€˜was’. na tassa saį¹…khā ā€˜atthī’ti, na tassa saį¹…khā ā€˜ahosī’ti.

When form has been born, and has appeared, its designation, label, and description is ā€˜is’. Yaṁ, bhikkhave, rÅ«paṁ jātaṁ pātubhÅ«taṁ, ā€˜atthī’ti tassa saį¹…khā, ā€˜atthī’ti tassa samaƱƱā, ā€˜atthī’ti tassa paƱƱatti; It’s not ā€˜was’ or ā€˜will be’. na tassa saį¹…khā ā€˜ahosī’ti, na tassa saį¹…khā ā€˜bhavissatī’ti.

When feeling … Yā vedanā jātā pātubhÅ«tā, ā€˜atthī’ti tassā saį¹…khā, ā€˜atthī’ti tassā samaƱƱā, ā€˜atthī’ti tassā paƱƱatti; na tassā saį¹…khā ā€˜ahosī’ti, na tassā saį¹…khā ā€˜bhavissatī’ti.

perception … Yā saƱƱā …

choices … ye saį¹…khārā jātā pātubhÅ«tā, ā€˜atthī’ti tesaṁ saį¹…khā, ā€˜atthī’ti tesaṁ samaƱƱā, ā€˜atthī’ti tesaṁ paƱƱatti; na tesaṁ saį¹…khā ā€˜ahesun’ti, na tesaṁ saį¹…khā, ā€˜bhavissantī’ti.

consciousness has been born, and has appeared, its designation, label, and description is ā€˜is’. Yaṁ viññāṇaṁ jātaṁ pātubhÅ«taṁ, ā€˜atthī’ti tassa saį¹…khā, ā€˜atthī’ti tassa samaƱƱā, ā€˜atthī’ti tassa paƱƱatti; It’s not ā€˜was’ or ā€˜will be’. na tassa saį¹…khā ā€˜ahosī’ti, na tassa saį¹…khā ā€˜bhavissatī’ti.

These are the three scopes of definition, labeling, and description. They’re uncorrupted, as they have been since the beginning. They’re not being corrupted now, nor will they be. Sensible ascetics and brahmins don’t look down on them. Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo niruttipathā adhivacanapathā paƱƱattipathā asaį¹…kiṇṇā asaį¹…kiṇṇapubbā, na saį¹…kÄ«yanti, na saį¹…kÄ«yissanti, appaį¹­ikuį¹­į¹­hā samaṇehi brāhmaṇehi viññūhi.

Even those wanderers of the past, Vassa and BhaƱƱa of Ukkalā, who adhered to the doctrines of no-cause, inaction, and nihilism, didn’t imagine that these three scopes of definition should be criticized or rejected. Yepi te, bhikkhave, ahesuṁ ukkalā vassabhaƱƱā ahetukavādā akiriyavādā natthikavādā, tepime tayo niruttipathe adhivacanapathe paƱƱattipathe na garahitabbaṁ nappaį¹­ikkositabbaṁ amaƱƱiṁsu. Why is that? Taṁ kissa hetu? For fear of blame, attack, and condemnation.ā€ Nindāghaį¹­į¹­anabyārosaupārambhabhayÄā€ti.

Majjhimapaṇṇāsakassa upayavaggo paį¹­hamo.

Tassuddānaṁ

Upayo bījaṁ udānaṁ, Upādānaparivattaṁ; Sattaṭṭhānañca sambuddho, Pañcamahāli ādittā; Vaggo niruttipathena cāti.