The first section for recitation

1. The allowance for dwellings 1.1. Vihārānujānana

At one time the Buddha was staying at Rājagaha in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrel sanctuary. Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. At this time the Buddha had not yet allowed dwellings. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṁ senāsanaṁ apaññattaṁ hoti. As a result, the monks stayed here and there: Te ca bhikkhū tahaṁ tahaṁ viharanti—in the wilderness, at the foot of a tree, on a hill, in a gorge, in a hillside cave, in a charnel ground, in the forest, in the open, on a heap of straw. araññe, rukkhamūle, pabbate, kandarāyaṁ, giriguhāyaṁ, susāne, vanapatthe, ajjhokāse, palālapuñje. Early in the morning, they would emerge from those places. Te kālasseva tato tato upanikkhamanti—They were pleasing in their conduct: in going out and coming back, in looking ahead and looking aside, in bending and stretching their arms. Their eyes were lowered, and they were perfect in deportment. araññā rukkhamūlā pabbatā kandarā giriguhā susānā vanapatthā ajjhokāsā palālapuñjā, pāsādikena abhikkantena paṭikkantena, ālokitena vilokitena, samiñjitena pasāritena, okkhittacakkhū, iriyāpathasampannā.

One morning a wealthy merchant of Rājagaha was going to a park Tena kho pana samayena rājagahako seṭṭhī kālasseva uyyānaṁ agamāsi. when he saw those monks. Addasā kho rājagahako seṭṭhī te bhikkhū kālasseva tato tato upanikkhamante—araññā rukkhamūlā pabbatā kandarā giriguhā susānā vanapatthā ajjhokāsā palālapuñjā, pāsādikena abhikkantena paṭikkantena, ālokitena vilokitena, samiñjitena pasāritena, okkhittacakkhū, iriyāpathasampanne. Being inspired, Disvānassa cittaṁ pasīdi. he approached them and said, Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca—“If I build dwellings, sirs, would you stay in them?” “sacāhaṁ, bhante, vihāre kārāpeyyaṁ, vaseyyātha me vihāresū”ti?

“The Buddha hasn’t allowed dwellings.” “Na kho, gahapati, bhagavatā vihārā anuññātā”ti.

“Well then, please ask the Buddha and let me know his response.” “Tena hi, bhante, bhagavantaṁ paṭipucchitvā mama āroceyyāthā”ti.

“Yes.” “Evaṁ, gahapatī”ti

Those monks then went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down, kho te bhikkhū rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu. and said, Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṁ etadavocuṁ—“Sir, a wealthy merchant in Rājagaha wants to build dwellings. “rājagahako, bhante, seṭṭhī vihāre kārāpetukāmo. What should we do?” Kathaṁ nu kho, bhante, amhehi paṭipajjitabban”ti? Soon afterwards the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—

“I allow five kinds of shelters: “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañca leṇāni—dwellings, three kinds of stilt houses, and caves.” vihāraṁ, aḍḍhayogaṁ, pāsādaṁ, hammiyaṁ, guhan”ti.

The monks went to that merchant and said, Atha kho te bhikkhū yena rājagahako seṭṭhī tenupasaṅkamiṁsu, upasaṅkamitvā rājagahakaṁ seṭṭhiṁ etadavocuṁ—“The Buddha has allowed dwellings. “anuññātā kho, gahapati, bhagavatā vihārā; Please do as you think appropriate.” yassadāni kālaṁ maññasī”ti. Then, on a single day, that merchant built sixty dwellings. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī ekāheneva saṭṭhivihāre patiṭṭhāpesi. When the dwellings were finished, he went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down, Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī te saṭṭhivihāre pariyosāpetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. and said, Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho rājagahako seṭṭhī bhagavantaṁ etadavoca—“Sir, please accept tomorrow’s meal from me together with the Sangha of monks.” “adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṁ saddhiṁ bhikkhusaṅghenā”ti. The Buddha consented by remaining silent. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Knowing that the Buddha had consented, he got up from his seat, bowed down, circumambulated the Buddha with his right side toward him, and left. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī bhagavato adhivāsanaṁ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā pakkāmi.

The next morning he had various kinds of fine foods prepared and then had the Buddha informed Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṁ khādanīyaṁ bhojanīyaṁ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṁ ārocāpesi—that the meal was ready. “kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṁ bhattan”ti. The Buddha robe up, took his bowl and robe, and went to the house of that merchant where he sat down on the prepared seat together with the Sangha of monks. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṁ bhikkhusaṅghena. That merchant personally served various kinds of fine foods to the Sangha of monks headed by the Buddha. When the Buddha had finished his meal and had washed his hands and bowl, the merchant sat down to one side Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī buddhappamukhaṁ bhikkhusaṅghaṁ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā, bhagavantaṁ bhuttāviṁ onītapattapāṇiṁ, ekamantaṁ nisīdi. and said, Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho rājagahako seṭṭhī bhagavantaṁ etadavoca—“Sir, I’ve had these sixty dwellings built in order to make merit and for the purpose of going to heaven. “ete me, bhante, saṭṭhivihārā puññatthikena saggatthikena kārāpitā. What should I do now?” Kathāhaṁ, bhante, tesu vihāresu paṭipajjāmī”ti?

“Well then, give those sixty dwellings to the Sangha as a whole, both present and future.” “Tena hi tvaṁ, gahapati, te saṭṭhivihāre āgatānāgatassa cātuddisassa saṅghassa patiṭṭhāpehī”ti.

Saying, “Yes, sir,” he did just that. “Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho rājagahako seṭṭhī bhagavato paṭissutvā te saṭṭhivihāre āgatānāgatassa cātuddisassa saṅghassa patiṭṭhāpesi.

The Buddha then expressed his appreciation to the merchant with these verses: Atha kho bhagavā rājagahakaṁ seṭṭhiṁ imāhi gāthāhi anumodi—

“Cold and heat are kept away, “Sītaṁ uṇhaṁ paṭihanti, And so are predatory beasts, tato vāḷamigāni ca; And creeping animals and mosquitoes, Sarīsape ca makase, And also chill and rain. sisire cāpi vuṭṭhiyo.

They keep away the wind and burning sun, Tato vātātapo ghoro, When those awful things arise. sañjāto paṭihaññati; Their purpose is to shelter and for happiness, Leṇatthañca sukhatthañca, To attain absorption and to see clearly. jhāyituñca vipassituṁ.

Giving dwellings to the Sangha Vihāradānaṁ saṅghassa, Is praised as the best by the Buddha. Aggaṁ buddhena vaṇṇitaṁ; Therefore the wise man, Tasmā hi paṇḍito poso, Seeing what’s beneficial for himself, Sampassaṁ atthamattano.

Should build delightful dwellings Vihāre kāraye ramme, And have the learned stay there. vāsayettha bahussute; Food, drink, robes, and dwellings—Tesaṁ annañca pānañca, With an inspired mind, vatthasenāsanāni ca.

He should give to them, Dadeyya ujubhūtesu, The upright ones. Vippasannena cetasā; They will give him the Teaching Te tassa dhammaṁ desenti, For removing all suffering; Sabbadukkhāpanūdanaṁ; And understanding this Teaching in this life, Yaṁ so dhammaṁ idhaññāya, He attains extinguishment, free of corruptions.” Parinibbāti anāsavo”ti.

The Buddha then got up from his seat and left. Atha kho bhagavā rājagahakaṁ seṭṭhiṁ imāhi gāthāhi anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.

Hearing that the Buddha had allowed dwellings, Assosuṁ kho manussā—people had dwellings built with care. “bhagavatā kira vihārā anuññātā”ti sakkaccaṁ vihāre kārāpenti. But because the dwellings did not have doors, Te vihārā akavāṭakā honti; snakes, scorpions, and centipedes came inside. ahīpi vicchikāpi satapadiyopi pavisanti. They told the Buddha. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow doors.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kavāṭan”ti.

They made a hole in the wall and bound the doors with creepers and ropes. Bhittichiddaṁ karitvā valliyāpi rajjuyāpi kavāṭaṁ bandhanti. Rats and termites ate the creepers and ropes, Undūrehipi upacikāhipi khajjanti. and the doors fell off. Khayitabandhanāni kavāṭāni patanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow door frames, and lower and upper hinges.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, piṭṭhasaṅghāṭaṁ udukkhalikaṁ uttarapāsakan”ti.

The doors did not fit the door frames. Kavāṭā na phusīyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow a hole in the door and a rope for pulling.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āviñchanacchiddaṁ āviñchanarajjun”ti.

The doors did not stay closed. Kavāṭā na thakiyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow door jambs, bolt sockets, bolts, and latches.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aggaḷavaṭṭiṁ kapisīsakaṁ sūcikaṁ ghaṭikan”ti.

The monks were unable to open the doors. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū na sakkonti kavāṭaṁ apāpurituṁ. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow a keyhole “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tāḷacchiddaṁ. and three kinds of keys: Tīṇi tāḷāni—metal keys, wooden keys, and keys made of horn.” lohatāḷaṁ, kaṭṭhatāḷaṁ, visāṇatāḷan”ti.

They lifted the latches with the keys and entered, but the dwellings were unprotected. Yehi te ugghāṭetvā pavisanti, vihārā aguttā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow bolts.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yantakaṁ sūcikan”ti.

At that time the dwellings had roofs of straw. Tena kho pana samayena vihārā tiṇacchadanā honti; When the weather was cold, they were cold, and when the weather was hot, they were hot. sītakāle sītā, uṇhakāle uṇhā. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to firm up the structure and then to plaster it inside and outside.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṁ kātun”ti.

At that time the dwellings did not have windows. It was hard to see and the dwellings were smelly. Tena kho pana samayena vihārā avātapānakā honti acakkhussā duggandhā. They told the Buddha. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow three kinds of windows: “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tīṇi vātapānāni—railing windows, lattice windows, and windows with bars.” vedikāvātapānaṁ, jālavātapānaṁ, salākavātapānan”ti.

Squirrels and bats entered the dwellings through the gaps in the windows. Vātapānantarikāya kāḷakāpi vagguliyopi pavisanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow cloth covers.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vātapānacakkalikan”ti.

The squirrels and bats entered in the gaps around the cloth cover. Cakkalikantarikāyapi kāḷakāpi vagguliyopi pavisanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow shutters.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vātapānakavāṭakaṁ vātapānabhisikan”ti.

At that time the monks lay down on the ground. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū chamāyaṁ sayanti. They became dirty, as did their robes. Gattānipi cīvarānipi paṁsukitāni honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow a spread of grass.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tiṇasanthārakan”ti.

The grass was eaten by rats and termites. Tiṇasanthārako undūrehipi upacikāhipi khajjati. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow benches.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, miḍḍhin”ti.

The benches were painful to lie on. Miḍḍhiyā gattāni dukkhā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow wicker beds.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bidalamañcakan”ti.

2. The allowance for beds and benches 1.2. Mañcapīṭhādianujānana

Soon afterwards the Sangha was offered various kinds of beds with legs and frames from a charnel ground. Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa sosāniko masārako mañco uppanno hoti. They told the Buddha. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow the various kinds of beds with legs and frames.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, masārakaṁ mañcan”ti.

The Sangha was offered various kinds of benches with legs and frames. Masārakaṁ pīṭhaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow the various kinds of benches with legs and frames.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, masārakaṁ pīṭhan”ti.

Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa sosāniko bundikābaddho mañco uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bundikābaddhaṁ mañcan”ti.

Bundikābaddhaṁ pīṭhaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bundikābaddhaṁ pīṭhan”ti.

The Sangha was offered a bed with crooked legs from a charnel ground. Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa sosāniko kuḷīrapādako mañco uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow beds with crooked legs.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kuḷīrapādakaṁ mañcan”ti.

The Sangha was offered a bench with crooked legs. Kuḷīrapādakaṁ pīṭhaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow benches with crooked legs.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kuḷīrapādakaṁ pīṭhan”ti.

The Sangha was offered a bed with detachable legs from a charnel ground. Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa sosāniko āhaccapādako mañco uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow beds with detachable legs.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āhaccapādakaṁ mañcan”ti.

The Sangha was offered a bench with detachable legs. Āhaccapādakaṁ pīṭhaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow benches with detachable legs.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āhaccapādakaṁ pīṭhan”ti.

The Sangha was offered a square bench. Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa āsandiko uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow square benches.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āsandikan”ti.

The Sangha was offered a tall square bench. Uccako āsandiko uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I also allow tall square benches.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccakampi āsandikan”ti.

The Sangha was offered a sofa. Sattaṅgo uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow sofas.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sattaṅgan”ti.

The Sangha was offered a high sofa. Uccako sattaṅgo uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I also allow high sofas.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccakampi sattaṅgan”ti.

The Sangha was offered a cane bench. Bhaddapīṭhaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow cane benches.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhaddapīṭhan”ti.

The Sangha was offered a small bench bound with pieces of cloth. Pīṭhikā uppannā hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow small benches bound with pieces of cloth.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pīṭhikan”ti.

The Sangha was offered a bench with ram-like legs. Eḷakapādakaṁ pīṭhaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow benches with ram-like legs.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, eḷakapādakaṁ pīṭhan”ti.

The Sangha was offered a bench with many legs. Āmalakavaṭṭikaṁ pīṭhaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow benches with many legs.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āmalakavaṭṭikaṁ pīṭhan”ti.

The Sangha was offered a plank as a bench. Phalakaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow plank benches.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, phalakan”ti.

The Sangha was offered a stool. Kocchaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow stools.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kocchan”ti.

The Sangha was offered a bench made of straw. Palālapīṭhaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow benches made of straw.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, palālapīṭhan”ti.

At that time the monks from the group of six slept on high beds. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū ucce mañce sayanti. When people walking about the dwellings saw this, they complained and criticized them, Manussā vihāracārikaṁ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“They’re just like householders who indulge in worldly pleasures!” “seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino”ti. They told the Buddha. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You shouldn’t sleep on high beds. “Na, bhikkhave, ucce mañce sayitabbaṁ. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” Yo sayeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

Soon afterwards a monk was bitten by a snake while sleeping on a low bed. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu nīce mañce sayanto ahinā daṭṭho hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow bed supports.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, mañcapaṭipādakan”ti.

The monks from the group of six used high bed supports and then made the beds shake. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū ucce mañcapaṭipādake dhārenti, saha mañcapaṭipādakehi pavedhenti. When people walking about the dwellings saw this, they complained and criticized them, Manussā vihāracārikaṁ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“They’re just like householders who indulge in worldly pleasures!” “seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino”ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You shouldn’t use high bed supports. “Na, bhikkhave, uccā mañcapaṭipādakā dhāretabbā. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. I allow bed supports that are at the most eight standard fingerbreadths long.” Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgulaparamaṁ mañcapaṭipādakan”ti.

The Sangha was offered string. Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa suttaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to wrap the beds with string.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, suttaṁ mañcaṁ veṭhetun”ti.

The limbs of the bed took up a lot of string. Aṅgāni bahusuttaṁ pariyādiyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to perforate the limbs and wrap with a cross weaving.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṅge vijjhitvā aṭṭhapadakaṁ veṭhetun”ti.

The Sangha was offered a cloth. Coḷakaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to make a mat underlay.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cimilikaṁ kātun”ti.

The Sangha was offered a cotton-down quilt. Tūlikā uppannā hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to remove the cotton down and make pillows. “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vijaṭetvā bibbohanaṁ kātuṁ. There are three kinds of cotton down: Tīṇi tūlāni—cotton down from trees, cotton down from creepers, and cotton down from grass.” rukkhatūlaṁ, latātūlaṁ, poṭakitūlan”ti.

The monks from the group of six used pillows that were half the size of the body. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū addhakāyikāni bibbohanāni dhārenti. When people walking about the dwellings saw this, they complained and criticized them, Manussā vihāracārikaṁ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“They’re just like householders who indulge in worldly pleasures!” “seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino”ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You shouldn’t use pillows that are half the size of the body. “Na, bhikkhave, aḍḍhakāyikāni bibbohanāni dhāretabbāni. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. Yo dhāreyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. I allow you to make pillows the size of the head.” Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sīsappamāṇaṁ bibbohanaṁ kātun”ti.

On one occasion in Rājagaha there was a hilltop fair. Tena kho pana samayena rājagahe giraggasamajjo hoti. People prepared mattresses for the government officials: Manussā mahāmattānaṁ atthāya bhisiyo paṭiyādenti—mattresses stuffed with wool, cloth, bark, grass, or leaves. uṇṇabhisiṁ, coḷabhisiṁ, vākabhisiṁ, tiṇabhisiṁ, paṇṇabhisiṁ. When the fair was over, they removed the covers and took them away. Te vītivatte samajje chaviṁ uppāṭetvā haranti. The monks saw a large quantity of wool, cloth, bark, grass, and leaves abandoned on the ground. Addasāsuṁ kho bhikkhū samajjaṭṭhāne bahuṁ uṇṇampi coḷakampi vākampi tiṇampi paṇṇampi chaṭṭitaṁ. They told the Buddha. Disvāna bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow five kinds of mattresses: “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañca bhisiyo—mattresses stuffed with wool, cloth, bark, grass, or leaves.” uṇṇabhisiṁ, coḷabhisiṁ, vākabhisiṁ, tiṇabhisiṁ, paṇṇabhisin”ti.

The Sangha was offered furniture cloth. Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa senāsanaparikkhārikaṁ dussaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to cover the mattresses.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhisiṁ onandhitun”ti.

The monks laid a bed mattress on a bench and a bench mattress on a bed. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū mañcabhisiṁ pīṭhe santharanti, pīṭhabhisiṁ mañce santharanti. The mattresses split open. Bhisiyo paribhijjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow upholstered beds and upholstered benches.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, onaddhamañcaṁ onaddhapīṭhan”ti.

They laid out mattresses without underlay. They sank down. Ullokaṁ akaritvā santharanti, heṭṭhato nipatanti …pe…

“I allow you to arrange an underlay, then to lay down a mattress, and then to cover it.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ullokaṁ karitvā santharitvā bhisiṁ onandhitun”ti.

The covers were removed and taken away. Chaviṁ uppāṭetvā haranti …pe…

“I allow you to sprinkle them.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, phositun”ti.

They were still taken away. Harantiyeva …pe…

“I allow you to make multi-colored lines.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhattikamman”ti.

They were still taken away. Harantiyeva …pe…

“I allow you to make multi-colored lines by hand.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, hatthabhattikamman”ti.

They were still taken away. Harantiyeva …pe…

“I allow multi-colored lines by hand.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, hatthabhattin”ti.

3. The allowance for the color white, etc. 1.3. Setavaṇṇādianujānana

At that time the monastics of other religions had white beds, black floors, and red ocher walls. Tena kho pana samayena titthiyānaṁ seyyāyo setavaṇṇā honti, kāḷavaṇṇakatā bhūmi, gerukaparikammakatā bhitti. Many people went to see their beds. Bahū manussā seyyāpekkhakā gacchanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow the colors white, black, and red ocher in the dwellings.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vihāre setavaṇṇaṁ kāḷavaṇṇaṁ gerukaparikamman”ti.

The white color did not adhere to the rough walls. Tena kho pana samayena pharusāya bhittiyā setavaṇṇo na nipatati. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to apply balls of husk, smooth with a trowel, and then apply the white color.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, thusapiṇḍaṁ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā setavaṇṇaṁ nipātetun”ti.

The white color still did not adhere. Setavaṇṇo anibandhanīyo hoti …pe…

“I allow you to apply soft clay, smooth with a trowel, and then apply the white color.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, saṇhamattikaṁ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā setavaṇṇaṁ nipātetun”ti.

The white color still did not adhere. Setavaṇṇo anibandhanīyo hoti …pe…

“I allow sap and flour paste.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ikkāsaṁ piṭṭhamaddan”ti.

The red ocher did not adhere to the rough walls. Tena kho pana samayena pharusāya bhittiyā gerukā na nipatati. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to apply balls of husk, smooth with a trowel, and then apply the red ocher.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, thusapiṇḍaṁ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā gerukaṁ nipātetun”ti.

The red ocher still did not adhere. Gerukā anibandhanīyā hoti …pe…

“I allow you to apply clay mixed with bran, smooth with a trowel, and then apply the red ocher.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kuṇḍakamattikaṁ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā gerukaṁ nipātetun”ti.

The red ocher still did not adhere. Gerukā anibandhanīyā hoti …pe…

“I allow mustard powder and beeswax.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sāsapakuṭṭaṁ sitthatelakan”ti.

It was too thick. Accussannaṁ hoti …pe…

“I allow you to wipe it off with a cloth.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, coḷakena paccuddharitun”ti.

The black color did not adhere to the rough floors. Tena kho pana samayena pharusāya bhūmiyā kāḷavaṇṇo na nipatati. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to apply balls of husk, smooth with a trowel, and then apply the black color.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, thusapiṇḍaṁ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā kāḷavaṇṇaṁ nipātetun”ti.

The black color still did not adhere. Kāḷavaṇṇo anibandhanīyo hoti …pe…

“I allow you to apply excreted clay, smooth with a trowel, and then apply the black color.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gaṇḍumattikaṁ datvā pāṇikāya paṭibāhetvā kāḷavaṇṇaṁ nipātetun”ti.

The black color still did not adhere. Kāḷavaṇṇo anibandhanīyo hoti …pe…

“I allow sap and bitter substances.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ikkāsaṁ kasāvan”ti.

4. The prohibition against pictures 1.4. Paṭibhānacittapaṭikkhepa

At that time the monks from the group of six had pictures Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū vihāre paṭibhānacittaṁ kārāpenti—of women and men drawn in a dwelling. itthirūpakaṁ purisarūpakaṁ. When people walking about the dwellings saw this, they complained and criticized them, Manussā vihāracārikaṁ āhiṇḍantā passitvā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“They’re just like householders who indulge in worldly pleasures!” “seyyathāpi gihī kāmabhogino”ti. They told the Buddha. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You shouldn’t have pictures drawn “Na, bhikkhave, paṭibhānacittaṁ kārāpetabbaṁ—of women and men. itthirūpakaṁ purisarūpakaṁ. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. Yo kārāpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. I allow you to make garland patterns, creeper patterns, shark-teeth patterns, and the fivefold pattern.” Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, mālākammaṁ latākammaṁ makaradantakaṁ pañcapaṭikan”ti.

5. The allowance for foundations of bricks, etc. 1.5. Iṭṭhakācayādianujānana

At that time the dwellings were built on a low base. They were flooded. Tena kho pana samayena vihārā nīcavatthukā honti, udakena otthariyyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to raise the base.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṁ kātun”ti.

The mound collapsed. Cayo paripatati …pe…

“I allow you to construct three kinds of raised foundations: “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṁ tayo caye—raised foundations of brick, stone, and wood.” iṭṭhakācayaṁ, silācayaṁ, dārucayan”ti.

It was difficult to get up to the dwelling. Ārohantā vihaññanti …pe…

“I allow three kinds of stairs: “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne—stairs of brick, stone, and wood.” iṭṭhakāsopānaṁ, silāsopānaṁ, dārusopānan”ti.

People fell down while climbing the stairs. Ārohantā paripatanti …pe…

“I allow rails.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāhan”ti.

At that time the dwellings were accessible to the public. Tena kho pana samayena vihārā āḷakamandā honti. The monks were embarrassed to lie down there. Bhikkhū hiriyanti nipajjituṁ. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow curtains.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tirokaraṇin”ti.

People lifted them up and looked in. Tirokaraṇiṁ ukkhipitvā olokenti …pe…

“I allow half walls.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aḍḍhakuṭṭakan”ti.

People looked over the half walls. Aḍḍhakuṭṭakā uparito olokenti …pe…

“I allow three kinds of rooms: “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo gabbhe—rectangular rooms, long rooms, and upper rooms.” sivikāgabbhaṁ, nāḷikāgabbhaṁ, hammiyagabbhan”ti.

On one occasion the monks made a room in the middle of a small dwelling. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū khuddake vihāre majjhe gabbhaṁ karonti. There was no access around the room. Upacāro na hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“In a small dwelling you should make the room on the side, but in a large dwelling in the middle.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, khuddake vihāre ekamantaṁ gabbhaṁ kātuṁ, mahallake majjhe”ti.

At that time the base of the wall of a certain dwelling was deteriorating. Tena kho pana samayena vihārassa kuṭṭapādo jīrati. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow timber supports.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kulaṅkapādakan”ti.

It rained through the wall. Vihārassa kuṭṭo ovassati …pe…

“I allow protection screens and plaster.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, parittāṇakiṭikaṁ uddasudhan”ti.

On one occasion a snake fell from the grass roof onto the shoulder of a certain monk. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno tiṇacchadanā ahi khandhe patati. Terrified, he screamed. So bhīto vissaramakāsi. Other monks ran up to him and asked him Bhikkhū upadhāvitvā taṁ bhikkhuṁ etadavocuṁ—why he was screaming. “kissa tvaṁ, āvuso, vissaramakāsī”ti? He told them. Atha kho so bhikkhūnaṁ etamatthaṁ ārocesi. Bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow canopies.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vitānan”ti.

At that time the monks hung their bags from the legs of the beds and benches. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū mañcapādepi pīṭhapādepi thavikāyo laggenti. Rats and termites ate them. Undūrehipi upacikāhipi khajjanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow wall pegs.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhittikhilaṁ nāgadantakan”ti.

At that time the monks lay their robes on their beds and benches. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū mañcepi pīṭhepi cīvaraṁ nikkhipanti. The robes tore. Cīvaraṁ paribhijji. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow bamboo robe racks and clotheslines in the dwellings.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vihāre cīvaravaṁsaṁ cīvararajjun”ti.

At that time the dwellings were not protected by porches. Tena kho pana samayena vihārā anāḷindakā honti appaṭissaraṇā. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow porches, screened doorsteps, encircling corridors, and entrance roofs.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āḷindaṁ paghanaṁ pakuṭṭaṁ osārakan”ti.

The porches were unenclosed. Āḷindā pākaṭā honti. The monks were embarrassed to lie down there. Bhikkhū hiriyanti nipajjituṁ …pe…

“I allow sliding screens and shutters.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, saṁsaraṇakiṭikaṁ ugghāṭanakiṭikan”ti.

6. The allowance for an assembly hall 1.6. Upaṭṭhānasālāanujānana

At that time the monks were taking their meals outside. They were troubled by the cold and the heat. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ajjhokāse bhattavissaggaṁ karontā sītenapi uṇhenapi kilamanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow assembly halls.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, upaṭṭhānasālan”ti.

The assembly halls were built on a low base. They were flooded. Upaṭṭhānasālā nīcavatthukā hoti, udakena otthariyyati …pe…

“I allow you to raise the base.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṁ kātun”ti.

The mound collapsed. Cayo paripatati …pe…

“I allow you to construct three kinds of raised foundations: “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṁ tayo caye—raised foundations of brick, stone, and wood.” iṭṭhakācayaṁ, silācayaṁ, dārucayan”ti.

It was difficult to get up to the assembly halls. Ārohantā vihaññanti …pe…

“I allow three kinds of stairs: “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne—stairs of brick, stone, and wood.” iṭṭhakāsopānaṁ, silāsopānaṁ, dārusopānan”ti.

People fell down while climbing the stairs. Ārohantā paripatanti …pe…

“I allow rails.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāhan”ti.

Grass and dust fell into the assembly halls. Upaṭṭhānasālāya tiṇacuṇṇaṁ paripatati …pe…

“I allow you to firm up the structure and then to plaster it inside and outside, including: “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṁ kātuṁ—treating with white color, black color, and red ocher; making garland patterns, creeper patterns, shark-teeth patterns, and the fivefold pattern; putting up bamboo robe racks and clotheslines.” setavaṇṇaṁ kāḷavaṇṇaṁ gerukaparikammaṁ mālākammaṁ latākammaṁ makaradantakaṁ pañcapaṭikaṁ cīvaravaṁsaṁ cīvararajjun”ti.

At that time the monks spread their robes on the ground outside. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ajjhokāse chamāya cīvaraṁ pattharanti. The robes became dirty. Cīvaraṁ paṁsukitaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow bamboo robe racks and clotheslines outside.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ajjhokāse cīvaravaṁsaṁ cīvararajjun”ti.

The drinking water became warm. Pānīyaṁ otappati …pe…

“I allow sheds and roof covers for the drinking water.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pānīyasālaṁ pānīyamaṇḍapan”ti.

The drinking-water sheds were built on a low base. They were flooded. Pānīyasālā nīcavatthukā hoti, udakena otthariyyati …pe…

“I allow you to raise the base.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṁ kātun”ti.

The mound collapsed. Cayo paripatati …pe…

“I allow you to construct three kinds of raised foundations: “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṁ tayo caye—raised foundations of brick, stone, and wood.” iṭṭhakācayaṁ, silācayaṁ, dārucayan”ti.

It was difficult to get up to the sheds. Ārohantā vihaññanti …pe…

“I allow three kinds of stairs: “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne—stairs of brick, stone, and wood.” iṭṭhakāsopānaṁ, silāsopānaṁ, dārusopānan”ti.

People fell down while climbing the stairs. Ārohantā paripatanti …pe…

“I allow rails.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāhan”ti.

Grass and dust fell into the drinking-water sheds. Pānīyasālāya tiṇacuṇṇaṁ paripatati …pe…

“I allow you to firm up the structure and then to plaster it inside and outside, including: “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṁ kātuṁ—treating with white color, black color, and red ocher; making garland patterns, creeper patterns, shark-teeth patterns, and the fivefold pattern; putting up bamboo robe racks and clotheslines.” setavaṇṇaṁ kāḷavaṇṇaṁ gerukaparikammaṁ mālākammaṁ latākammaṁ makaradantakaṁ pañcapaṭikaṁ cīvaravaṁsaṁ cīvararajjun”ti.

There were no vessels for the drinking water. Pānīyabhājanaṁ na saṁvijjati …pe…

“I allow shells and scoops.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pānīyasaṅkhaṁ pānīyasarāvakan”ti.

7. The allowance for encircling walls, etc. 1.7. Pākārādianujānana

At that time the dwellings were unenclosed. Tena kho pana samayena vihārā aparikkhittā honti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to make enclosures with three kinds of encircling walls: “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, parikkhipituṁ tayo pākāre—brick walls, stone walls, and wooden walls.” iṭṭhakāpākāraṁ, silāpākāraṁ, dārupākāran”ti.

There were no gatehouses. Koṭṭhako na hoti …pe…

“I allow gatehouses.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, koṭṭhakan”ti.

They built the gatehouses on a low base. They were flooded. Koṭṭhako nīcavatthuko hoti, udakena otthariyyati …pe…

“I allow you to raise the base.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṁ kātun”ti.

The gatehouses didn’t have doors. Koṭṭhakassa kavāṭaṁ na hoti …pe…

“I allow doors, door frames, lower hinges, upper hinges, door jambs, bolt sockets, bolts, latches, keyholes, door-pulling holes, and door-pulling ropes.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kavāṭaṁ piṭṭhasaṅghāṭaṁ udukkhalikaṁ uttarapāsakaṁ aggaḷavaṭṭiṁ kapisīsakaṁ sūcikaṁ ghaṭikaṁ tāḷacchiddaṁ āviñchanacchiddaṁ āviñchanarajjun”ti.

Grass and dust fell into the gatehouses. Koṭṭhake tiṇacuṇṇaṁ paripatati …pe…

“I allow you to firm up the structure and then plaster it inside and outside, including: “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṁ kātuṁ—treating with white color, black color, and red ocher; making garland patterns, creeper patterns, shark-teeth patterns, and the fivefold pattern.” setavaṇṇaṁ kāḷavaṇṇaṁ gerukaparikammaṁ mālākammaṁ latākammaṁ makaradantakaṁ pañcapaṭikan”ti.

The yards were muddy. Tena kho pana samayena pariveṇaṁ cikkhallaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to cover them with gravel.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, marumbaṁ upakiritun”ti.

They were unable to do it. Na pariyāpuṇanti …pe…

“I allow you to lay paving stones.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, padarasilaṁ nikkhipitun”ti.

The water remained. Udakaṁ santiṭṭhati …pe…

“I allow water drains.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakaniddhamanan”ti.

At that time the monks made fireplaces here and there in the yards. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū pariveṇe tahaṁ tahaṁ aggiṭṭhānaṁ karonti. The yards became dirty. Pariveṇaṁ uklāpaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to build water-boiling sheds out of the way.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ekamantaṁ aggisālaṁ kātun”ti.

They built the water-boiling sheds on a low base. They were flooded. Aggisālā nīcavatthukā hoti, udakena otthariyyati …pe…

“I allow you to raise the base.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, uccavatthukaṁ kātun”ti.

The mound collapsed. Cayo paripatati …pe…

“I allow you to construct three kinds of raised foundations: “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, cinituṁ tayo caye—raised foundations of brick, stone, and wood.” iṭṭhakācayaṁ, silācayaṁ, dārucayan”ti.

It was difficult to get up to the water-boiling sheds. Ārohantā vihaññanti …pe…

“I allow three kinds of stairs: “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tayo sopāne—stairs of brick, stone, and wood.” iṭṭhakāsopānaṁ, silāsopānaṁ, dārusopānan”ti.

People fell down while climbing the stairs. Ārohantā paripatanti …pe…

“I allow rails.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ālambanabāhan”ti.

The water-boiling sheds didn’t have doors. Aggisālāya kavāṭaṁ na hoti …pe…

“I allow doors, door frames, lower hinges, upper hinges, door jambs, bolt sockets, bolts, latches, keyholes, door-pulling holes, and door-pulling ropes.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kavāṭaṁ piṭṭhasaṅghāṭaṁ udukkhalikaṁ uttarapāsakaṁ aggaḷavaṭṭiṁ kapisīsakaṁ sūcikaṁ ghaṭikaṁ tāḷacchiddaṁ āviñchanacchiddaṁ āviñchanarajjun”ti.

Grass and dust fell into the water-boiling sheds. Aggisālāya tiṇacuṇṇaṁ paripatati …pe…

“I allow you to firm up the structure and then to plaster it inside and outside, including: “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṁ kātuṁ—treating with white color, black color, and red ocher; making garland patterns, creeper patterns, shark-teeth patterns, and the fivefold pattern; putting up bamboo robe racks and clotheslines.” setavaṇṇaṁ kāḷavaṇṇaṁ gerukaparikammaṁ mālākammaṁ latākammaṁ makaradantakaṁ pañcapaṭikaṁ cīvaravaṁsaṁ cīvararajjun”ti.

8. The allowance to enclose a monastery 1.8. Ārāmaparikkhepaanujānana

At that time the monasteries were unenclosed. Tena kho pana samayena ārāmo aparikkhitto hoti. Goats and domesticated animals harmed the saplings. Ajakāpi pasukāpi uparope viheṭhenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to make three kinds of enclosures: “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, parikkhipituṁ tayo vāṭe—enclosures of bamboo, enclosures of thorny branches, and trenches.” veḷuvāṭaṁ, kaṇḍakavāṭaṁ, parikkhan”ti.

There were no gatehouses. Koṭṭhako na hoti. Goats and domesticated animals harmed the saplings just the same. Tatheva ajakāpi pasukāpi uparope viheṭhenti …pe…

“I allow gatehouses, gates of wood and thorny branches, double doors, arches, and crossbars.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, koṭṭhakaṁ apesiṁ yamakakavāṭaṁ toraṇaṁ palighan”ti.

Grass and dust fell into the gatehouses. Koṭṭhake tiṇacuṇṇaṁ paripatati …pe…

“I allow you to firm up the structure and then plaster it inside and outside, including: “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ogumphetvā ullittāvalittaṁ kātuṁ—treating with white color, black color, and red ocher; making garland patterns, creeper patterns, shark-teeth patterns, and the fivefold pattern.” setavaṇṇaṁ kāḷavaṇṇaṁ gerukaparikammaṁ mālākammaṁ latākammaṁ makaradantakaṁ pañcapaṭikan”ti.

The monasteries were muddy. Ārāmo cikkhallo hoti …pe…

“I allow you to cover them with gravel.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, marumbaṁ upakiritun”ti.

They were unable to do it. Na pariyāpuṇanti …pe…

“I allow you to lay paving stones.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, padarasilaṁ nikkhipitun”ti.

The water remained. Udakaṁ santiṭṭhati …pe…

“I allow water drains.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, udakaniddhamanan”ti.

On one occasion King Seniya Bimbisāra of Magadha wanted to build a stilt house smeared with clay plaster for the Sangha. Tena kho pana samayena rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro saṅghassa atthāya sudhāmattikālepanaṁ pāsādaṁ kāretukāmo hoti. The monks thought, Atha kho bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi—“Which roofing materials has the Buddha allowed and which hasn’t he?” “kiṁ nu kho bhagavatā chadanaṁ anuññātaṁ, kiṁ ananuññātan”ti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow five kinds of roofing materials: “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañca chadanāni—tiles, slate, plaster, grass, and leaves.” iṭṭhakāchadanaṁ, silāchadanaṁ, sudhāchadanaṁ, tiṇacchadanaṁ, paṇṇacchadanan”ti.

The first section for recitation is finished. Paṭhamabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.

The second section for recitation

2.1 The account of Anāthapiṇḍika 2.1. Anāthapiṇḍikavatthu

At that time the householder Anāthapiṇḍika had a brother in law in Rājagaha who was a wealthy merchant. Tena kho pana samayena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa bhaginipatiko hoti. On one occasion when Anāthapiṇḍika was in Rājagaha on business, Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati rājagahaṁ agamāsi kenacideva karaṇīyena. that merchant had invited the Sangha headed by the Buddha for the meal on the following day. Tena kho pana samayena rājagahakena seṭṭhinā svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito hoti. The merchant was telling his slaves and workers Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī dāse ca kammakāre ca āṇāpesi—to get up early, to cook rice and congee, and to prepare various kinds of curry. “tena hi, bhaṇe, kālasseva uṭṭhāya yāguyo pacatha, bhattāni pacatha, sūpāni sampādetha, uttaribhaṅgāni sampādethā”ti. Anāthapiṇḍika thought, Atha kho anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa etadahosi—“When I’ve arrived here previously, this householder put aside all his business to greet me. “pubbe khvāyaṁ gahapati mayi āgate sabbakiccāni nikkhipitvā mamaññeva saddhiṁ paṭisammodati. But this time he’s all over the place, Sodānāyaṁ vikkhittarūpo dāse ca kammakāre ca āṇāpesi—telling his workers what to do. ‘tena hi, bhaṇe, kālasseva uṭṭhāya yāguyo pacatha, bhattāni pacatha, sūpāni sampādetha, uttaribhaṅgāni sampādethā’ti. Is he preparing for a wedding or a great sacrifice, or has he invited King Seniya Bimbisāra of Magadha and the army for a meal?” Kiṁ nu kho imassa gahapatissa āvāho vā bhavissati, vivāho vā bhavissati, mahāyañño vā paccupaṭṭhito, rājā vā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro nimantito svātanāya saddhiṁ balakāyenā”ti?

When the merchant was finished with instructing his workers, he went up to Anāthapiṇḍika, greeted him, and sat down. Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī dāse ca kammakāre ca āṇāpetvā yena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā anāthapiṇḍikena gahapatinā saddhiṁ paṭisammoditvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Anāthapiṇḍika then told him what he had observed Ekamantaṁ nisinnaṁ kho rājagahakaṁ seṭṭhiṁ anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati etadavoca—“pubbe kho tvaṁ, gahapati, mayi āgate sabbakiccāni nikkhipitvā mamaññeva saddhiṁ paṭisammodasi. Sodāni tvaṁ vikkhittarūpo dāse ca kammakāre ca āṇāpesi—‘tena hi, bhaṇe, kālasseva uṭṭhāya yāguyo pacatha, bhattāni pacatha, sūpāni sampādetha, uttaribhaṅgāni sampādethā’ti. and asked him what was happening. Kiṁ nu kho te, gahapati, āvāho vā bhavissati, vivāho vā bhavissati, mahāyañño vā paccupaṭṭhito, rājā vā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro nimantito svātanāya saddhiṁ balakāyenā”ti? The merchant replied, “I’m not preparing for a wedding, nor have I invited King Seniya Bimbisāra of Magadha and the army. “Na me, gahapati, āvāho vā bhavissati, nāpi vivāho vā bhavissati, nāpi rājā vā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro nimantito svātanāya saddhiṁ balakāyena; I’m preparing for a great sacrifice. api ca me mahāyañño paccupaṭṭhito; I’ve invited the Sangha headed by the Buddha for a meal tomorrow.” svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito”ti.

“Did you say, ‘Buddha’?” —“Buddhoti tvaṁ, gahapati, vadesī”ti? “I did.” —“Buddho tyāhaṁ, gahapati, vadāmī”ti. “Did you say, ‘Buddha’?” —“Buddhoti tvaṁ, gahapati, vadesī”ti? “I did.” —“Buddho tyāhaṁ, gahapati, vadāmī”ti. “Did you say, ‘Buddha’?” —“Buddhoti tvaṁ, gahapati, vadesī”ti? “I did.” “Buddho tyāhaṁ, gahapati, vadāmī”ti.

“It’s rare in the world “Ghosopi kho eso, gahapati, dullabho lokasmiṁ yadidaṁ—to hear the word ‘Buddha’. buddho buddhoti. Is it possible right now to go and visit that Buddha, that fully awakened and perfected one?” Sakkā nu kho, gahapati, imaṁ kālaṁ taṁ bhagavantaṁ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṁ arahantaṁ sammāsambuddhan”ti?

“Now is the wrong time to visit the Buddha. “Akālo kho, gahapati, imaṁ kālaṁ taṁ bhagavantaṁ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṁ arahantaṁ sammāsambuddhaṁ. Tomorrow morning is a good time.” Svedāni tvaṁ kālena taṁ bhagavantaṁ dassanāya upasaṅkamissasi arahantaṁ sammāsambuddhan”ti.

The Buddha then gave him a progressive talk—Atha kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa anupubbiṁ kathaṁ kathesi, seyyathidaṁ—on generosity, morality, and heaven; on the downside, degradation, and defilement of worldly pleasures; and he revealed the benefits of renunciation. dānakathaṁ sīlakathaṁ saggakathaṁ, kāmānaṁ ādīnavaṁ okāraṁ saṅkilesaṁ, nekkhamme ānisaṁsaṁ pakāsesi. When the Buddha knew that his mind was ready, supple, without hindrances, joyful, and confident, he revealed the teaching unique to the Buddhas: Yadā bhagavā aññāsi anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ kallacittaṁ muducittaṁ vinīvaraṇacittaṁ udaggacittaṁ pasannacittaṁ, atha yā buddhānaṁ sāmukkaṁsikā dhammadesanā taṁ pakāsesi—suffering, its origin, its end, and the path. dukkhaṁ, samudayaṁ, nirodhaṁ, maggaṁ. And just as a clean and stainless cloth absorbs dye properly, Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṁ vatthaṁ apagatakāḷakaṁ sammadeva rajanaṁ paṭiggaṇheyya; so too, while he was sitting right there, Anāthapiṇḍika experienced the stainless vision of the Truth: evameva anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa tasmiṁyeva āsane virajaṁ vītamalaṁ dhammacakkhuṁ udapādi—“Anything that has a beginning has an end.” “yaṁ kiñci samudayadhammaṁ sabbaṁ taṁ nirodhadhamman”ti.

He had seen the Truth, had reached, understood, and penetrated it. He had gone beyond doubt and uncertainty, had attained to confidence, and had become independent of others in the Teacher’s instruction. He then said to the Buddha, Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati diṭṭhadhammo pattadhammo viditadhammo pariyogāḷhadhammo tiṇṇavicikiccho vigatakathaṅkatho vesārajjappatto aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṁ etadavoca—“Wonderful, sir, wonderful! “abhikkantaṁ, bhante, abhikkantaṁ, bhante. Just as one might set upright what’s overturned, or reveal what’s hidden, or show the way to one who’s lost, or bring a lamp into the darkness Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṁ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṁ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṁ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṁ dhāreyya—so that one with eyes might see what’s there—‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; just so has the Buddha made the Teaching clear in many ways. evamevaṁ bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. I go for refuge to the Buddha, the Teaching, and the Sangha of monks. Esāhaṁ, bhante, bhagavantaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi, dhammañca, bhikkhusaṅghañca. Please accept me as a lay follower who’s gone for refuge for life. Upāsakaṁ maṁ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṁ saraṇaṁ gataṁ. And please accept tomorrow’s meal from me together with the Sangha of monks.” Adhivāsetu ca me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṁ saddhiṁ bhikkhusaṅghenā”ti. The Buddha consented by remaining silent. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena.

Knowing that the Buddha had consented, Anāthapiṇḍika got up from his seat, bowed down, circumambulated the Buddha with his right side toward him, and left. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavato adhivāsanaṁ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā pakkāmi.

The merchant heard Assosi kho rājagahako seṭṭhī—that Anāthapiṇḍika had invited the Sangha headed by the Buddha for the meal on the following day. “anāthapiṇḍikena kira gahapatinā svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito”ti. He said to Anāthapiṇḍika, Atha kho rājagahako seṭṭhī anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ etadavoca—“You’ve invited the Sangha headed by the Buddha, “tayā kira, gahapati, svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito. yet you’ve just arrived here. Tvañcāsi āgantuko. I’ll pay for it.” Demi te, gahapati, veyyāyikaṁ yena tvaṁ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṁ kareyyāsī”ti.

“There’s no need. I have the means.” “Alaṁ, gahapati, atthi me veyyāyikaṁ yenāhaṁ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṁ karissāmī”ti.

The householder association of Rājagaha heard Assosi kho rājagahako negamo—that Anāthapiṇḍika had invited the Sangha headed by the Buddha for a meal on the following day. “anāthapiṇḍikena kira gahapatinā svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito”ti. They said to Anāthapiṇḍika, Atha kho rājagahako negamo anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ etadavoca—“You’ve invited the Sangha headed by the Buddha, “tayā kira, gahapati, svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito. yet you’ve just arrived here. Tvañcāsi āgantuko. We’ll pay for it.” Demi te, gahapati, veyyāyikaṁ yena tvaṁ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṁ kareyyāsī”ti.

“There’s no need, sirs. “Alaṁ, ayya; I have the means.” atthi me veyyāyikaṁ yenāhaṁ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṁ karissāmī”ti.

King Seniya Bimbisāra of Magadha heard Assosi kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro—that Anāthapiṇḍika had invited the Sangha headed by the Buddha for a meal on the following day. “anāthapiṇḍikena kira gahapatinā svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito”ti. He said to Anāthapiṇḍika, Atha kho rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ etadavoca—“You’ve invited the Sangha headed by the Buddha, “tayā kira, gahapati, svātanāya buddhappamukho saṅgho nimantito. yet you’ve just arrived here. Tvañcāsi āgantuko. I’ll pay for it.” Demi te, gahapati, veyyāyikaṁ yena tvaṁ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṁ kareyyāsī”ti.

“There’s no need, sir. “Alaṁ, deva; I have the means.” atthi me veyyāyikaṁ yenāhaṁ buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa bhattaṁ karissāmī”ti.

The following morning, in that wealthy merchant’s house, Anāthapiṇḍika had various kinds of fine foods prepared. He then had the Buddha informed Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati tassā rattiyā accayena rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa nivesane paṇītaṁ khādanīyaṁ bhojanīyaṁ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṁ ārocāpesi—that the meal was ready. “kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṁ bhattan”ti. The Buddha robed up, took his bowl and robe, and went to that merchant’s house where he sat down on the prepared seat together with the Sangha of monks. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena rājagahakassa seṭṭhissa nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṁ bhikkhusaṅghena. Anāthapiṇḍika then personally served the various kinds of fine foods to the Sangha of monks headed by the Buddha. When the Buddha had finished his meal and had washed his hands and bowl, Anāthapiṇḍika sat down to one side Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati buddhappamukhaṁ bhikkhusaṅghaṁ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā, bhagavantaṁ bhuttāviṁ onītapattapāṇiṁ, ekamantaṁ nisīdi. and said, Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavantaṁ etadavoca—“Sir, please spend the rainy-season residence at Sāvatthī together with the Sangha of monks.” “adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ vassāvāsaṁ saddhiṁ bhikkhusaṅghenā”ti.

“Buddhas delight in solitude, householder.” “Suññāgāre kho, gahapati, tathāgatā abhiramantī”ti.

“I understand, sir, I understand!” “Aññātaṁ, bhagavā, aññātaṁ, sugatā”ti.

Then, after instructing, inspiring, and gladdening him with a teaching, the Buddha got up from his seat and left. Atha kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṁsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.

After finishing his business in Rājagaha, Tena kho pana samayena anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bahumitto hoti bahusahāyo ādeyyavāco. Anāthapiṇḍika set out for Sāvatthī. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati rājagahe taṁ karaṇīyaṁ tīretvā yena sāvatthi tena pakkāmi. Now at that time Anāthapiṇḍika had many friends and acquaintances who took his advice. On his way to Sāvatthī he told people Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati antarāmagge manusse āṇāpesi—to establish monasteries, build dwellings, and prepare offerings, saying, “ārāme, ayyā, karotha, vihāre patiṭṭhāpetha, dānāni paṭṭhapetha. “There’s a Buddha in the world! Buddho loke uppanno. He’s been invited by me and will be traveling this way.” So ca mayā bhagavā nimantito iminā maggena āgacchissatī”ti. And that’s what they did. Atha kho te manussā anāthapiṇḍikena gahapatinā uyyojitā ārāme akaṁsu, vihāre patiṭṭhāpesuṁ, dānāni paṭṭhapesuṁ. When he arrived at Sāvatthī, Anāthapiṇḍika searched all over the town for a place for the Buddha to stay, thinking, Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati sāvatthiṁ gantvā samantā sāvatthiṁ anuvilokesi—“Where might the Buddha stay “kattha nu kho bhagavā vihareyya? that’s neither too far from habitation nor too close, that has good access roads and is easily accessible for people who seek him, that has few people during the day and is quiet at night, that’s free from chatter and offers solitude, a private resting place suitable for seclusion?” Yaṁ assa gāmato neva atidūre na accāsanne, gamanāgamanasampannaṁ, atthikānaṁ atthikānaṁ manussānaṁ abhikkamanīyaṁ, divā appākiṇṇaṁ, rattiṁ appasaddaṁ, appanigghosaṁ, vijanavātaṁ, manussarāhasseyyakaṁ, paṭisallānasāruppan”ti.

Anāthapiṇḍika saw that Prince Jeta’s park Addasā kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati jetassa kumārassa uyyānaṁ—had all these qualities. gāmato neva atidūre na accāsanne, gamanāgamanasampannaṁ, atthikānaṁ atthikānaṁ manussānaṁ abhikkamanīyaṁ, divā appākiṇṇaṁ, rattiṁ appasaddaṁ, appanigghosaṁ, vijanavātaṁ, manussarāhasseyyakaṁ, paṭisallānasāruppaṁ. He then went to Prince Jeta and said, Disvāna yena jeto kumāro tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā jetaṁ kumāraṁ etadavoca—“Sir, please give me your park to set up a monastery.” “dehi me, ayyaputta, uyyānaṁ ārāmaṁ kātun”ti.

“I wouldn’t give it away even if you covered the park with ten million gold coins.” “Adeyyo, gahapati, ārāmo api koṭisantharenā”ti.

“It’s a deal!” “Gahito, ayyaputta, ārāmo”ti.

“No it isn’t!” “Na, gahapati, gahito ārāmo”ti.

They then asked judges to decide on the matter. “Gahito na gahito”ti vohārike mahāmatte pucchiṁsu. They said, Mahāmattā evamāhaṁsu—“Sir, since you gave a price, the park is sold.” “yato tayā, ayyaputta, aggho kato, gahito ārāmo”ti.

Anāthapiṇḍika then had gold coins brought out in carts and covered the Jeta Grove with ten million coins. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati sakaṭehi hiraññaṁ nibbāhāpetvā jetavanaṁ koṭisantharaṁ santharāpesi. After yet another load had been brought out, there was still a small area near the gatehouse that was not covered. Sakiṁ nīhaṭaṁ hiraññaṁ thokassa okāsassa koṭṭhakasāmantā nappahoti. Anāthapiṇḍika told his people, Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati manusse āṇāpesi—“Go and get more coins. “gacchatha, bhaṇe, hiraññaṁ āharatha; We’ll cover this area too.” imaṁ okāsaṁ santharissāmā”ti.

But Prince Jeta thought, Atha kho jetassa kumārassa etadahosi—“This must be really worthwhile, as he’s giving up so much money.” “na kho idaṁ orakaṁ bhavissati, yathāyaṁ gahapati tāva bahuṁ hiraññaṁ pariccajatī”ti. And he said to Anāthapiṇḍika, Anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ etadavoca—“That’s enough, householder, “alaṁ, gahapati; don’t cover that area. mā taṁ okāsaṁ santharāpesi. Let me keep it. Dehi me etaṁ okāsaṁ. It will be my gift.” Mametaṁ dānaṁ bhavissatī”ti.

Anāthapiṇḍika thought, Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati—“Prince Jeta is a well-known person. ayaṁ kho jeto kumāro abhiññāto ñātamanusso; It’s very beneficial that such well-known people gain confidence in this spiritual path.” mahatthiko kho pana evarūpānaṁ ñātamanussānaṁ imasmiṁ dhammavinaye pasādoti—And he granted that area to Prince Jeta. taṁ okāsaṁ jetassa kumārassa pādāsi. Prince Jeta then had a gatehouse built at that place. Atha kho jeto kumāro tasmiṁ okāse koṭṭhakaṁ māpesi.

But Anāthapiṇḍika had dwellings built in the Jeta Grove, and yards, gatehouses, assembly halls, water-boiling sheds, food-storage huts, restrooms, walking-meditation paths, indoor walking-meditation paths, wells, well houses, saunas, sauna sheds, ponds, and roof-covers. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati jetavane vihāre kārāpesi, pariveṇāni kārāpesi, koṭṭhake kārāpesi, upaṭṭhānasālāyo kārāpesi, aggisālāyo kārāpesi, kappiyakuṭiyo kārāpesi, vaccakuṭiyo kārāpesi, caṅkame kārāpesi, caṅkamanasālāyo kārāpesi, udapāne kārāpesi, udapānasālāyo kārāpesi, jantāghare kārāpesi, jantāgharasālāyo kārāpesi, pokkharaṇiyo kārāpesi, maṇḍape kārāpesi.

10. Putting in charge of building work 2.2. Navakammadāna

When the Buddha had stayed at Rājagaha for as long as he liked, he set out wandering toward Vesālī. Atha kho bhagavā rājagahe yathābhirantaṁ viharitvā yena vesālī tena cārikaṁ pakkāmi. When he eventually arrived, Anupubbena cārikaṁ caramāno yena vesālī tadavasari. he stayed in the hall with the peaked roof in the Great Wood. Tatra sudaṁ bhagavā vesāliyaṁ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṁ.

At that time people were doing building work out of respect. Tena kho pana samayena manussā sakkaccaṁ navakammaṁ karonti. And the monks who supervised the building work were respectfully supported with robe-cloth, almsfood, dwellings, and medicinal supplies. Yepi bhikkhū navakammaṁ adhiṭṭhenti tepi sakkaccaṁ upaṭṭhenti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena. Then a certain poor tailor thought, Atha kho aññatarassa daliddassa tunnavāyassa etadahosi—“This must be really worthwhile, seeing as these people do building work with such respect. “na kho idaṁ orakaṁ bhavissati, yathayime manussā sakkaccaṁ navakammaṁ karonti; Why don’t I too do building work?” yannūnāhampi navakammaṁ kareyyan”ti. He then made a mixture of mud, made bricks out of it, and built a wall. Atha kho so daliddo tunnavāyo sāmaṁ cikkhallaṁ madditvā iṭṭhakāyo cinitvā kuṭṭaṁ uṭṭhāpesi. But because of his lack of skill, the wall was crooked and fell down. Tena akusalakena citā vaṅkā bhitti paripati. A second Dutiyampi kho …pe… and a third time the same thing happened. tatiyampi kho so daliddo tunnavāyo sāmaṁ cikkhallaṁ madditvā iṭṭhakāyo cinitvā kuṭṭaṁ uṭṭhāpesi. Tena akusalakena citā vaṅkā bhitti paripati. He then complained and criticized the monks, Atha kho so daliddo tunnavāyo ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti—“These Sakyan monastics teach and instruct only those who give them robe-cloth, almsfood, dwellings, and medicinal supplies. They only supervise their building work. “ye imesaṁ samaṇānaṁ sakyaputtiyānaṁ denti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṁ, te ime ovadanti anusāsanti, tesañca navakammaṁ adhiṭṭhenti. But since I’m poor, Ahaṁ panamhi daliddo. nobody teaches, instructs, or supervises me.” Na maṁ koci ovadati vā anusāsati vā navakammaṁ vā adhiṭṭhetī”ti.

The monks heard the complaints of that poor tailor. Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tassa daliddassa tunnavāyassa ujjhāyantassa khiyyantassa vipācentassa. They told the Buddha, Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ. who then gave a teaching and addressed the monks: Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—

“You should put a monk in charge of the building work. “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, navakammaṁ dātuṁ.

He should make an effort Navakammiko, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ussukkaṁ āpajjissati—to complete the dwelling as quickly as possible ‘kinti nu kho vihāro khippaṁ pariyosānaṁ gaccheyyā’ti; and should repair what’s broken or damaged. khaṇḍaṁ phullaṁ paṭisaṅkharissati.

And he should be put in charge like this. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbaṁ. First a monk should be asked, and then a competent and capable monk should inform the Sangha: Paṭhamaṁ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo—

11. The instruction on the best seat, etc. 2.3. Aggāsanādianujānana

When the Buddha had stayed at Vesālī for as long as he liked, he set out wandering toward Sāvatthī. Atha kho bhagavā vesāliyaṁ yathābhirantaṁ viharitvā yena sāvatthi tena cārikaṁ pakkāmi. On that occasion the monks who were the pupils of the monks from the group of six went ahead of the Sangha headed by the Buddha. They then took possession of dwellings and beds, thinking, Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ antevāsikā bhikkhū buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa purato purato gantvā vihāre pariggaṇhanti, seyyāyo pariggaṇhanti—“This will be for our preceptors and teachers, and also for ourselves.” “idaṁ amhākaṁ upajjhāyānaṁ bhavissati, idaṁ amhākaṁ ācariyānaṁ bhavissati, idaṁ amhākaṁ bhavissatī”ti.

Following behind the Sangha, Venerable Sāriputta was unable to get a bed—the dwellings and beds having all been taken. And so he sat down at the foot of a tree. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa piṭṭhito piṭṭhito gantvā vihāresu pariggahitesu, seyyāsu pariggahitāsu, seyyaṁ alabhamāno aññatarasmiṁ rukkhamūle nisīdi.

Getting up early in the morning, the Buddha cleared his throat. Atha kho bhagavā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṁ paccuṭṭhāya ukkāsi. Sāriputta, too, cleared his throat. Āyasmāpi sāriputto ukkāsi.

“Who’s there?” “Ko etthā”ti?

“It’s me, sir, Sāriputta.” “Ahaṁ, bhagavā, sāriputto”ti.

“Why are you sitting here?” “Kissa tvaṁ, sāriputta, idha nisinno”ti?

Sāriputta told the Buddha what had happened. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesi. Soon afterwards the Buddha had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṁ sannipātāpetvā bhikkhū paṭipucchi—

“Is it true, monks, that the monks who are the pupils of the monks from the group of six did this?” “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ antevāsikā bhikkhū buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa purato purato gantvā vihāre pariggaṇhanti, seyyāyo pariggaṇhanti—idaṁ amhākaṁ upajjhāyānaṁ bhavissati, idaṁ amhākaṁ ācariyānaṁ bhavissati, idaṁ amhākaṁ bhavissatī”ti?

“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

The Buddha rebuked them … Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… “How can they act like this? kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa purato purato gantvā vihāre pariggahessanti, seyyāyo pariggahessanti—idaṁ amhākaṁ upajjhāyānaṁ bhavissati, idaṁ amhākaṁ ācariyānaṁ bhavissati, idaṁ amhākaṁ bhavissatīti. This will affect people’s confidence …” Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… After rebuking them … vigarahitvā …pe… the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—

“Who, monks, deserves the best seat, the best water, and the best almsfood?” “ko, bhikkhave, arahati aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan”ti?

Some monks said, Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—“Those who’ve gone forth from an aristocratic family deserve the best seat, water, and almsfood.” “yo, bhagavā, khattiyakulā pabbajito so arahati aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan”ti. Others said, Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—“Those who’ve gone forth from a brahmin family deserve the best seat, water, and almsfood.” “yo, bhagavā, brāhmaṇakulā pabbajito so arahati aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan”ti. Still others said, Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—“Those who’ve gone forth from a householder family, “yo, bhagavā, gahapatikulā pabbajito so arahati aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan”ti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—the experts on the discourses, “yo, bhagavā, suttantiko so arahati aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan”ti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—the experts on the Monastic Law, “yo, bhagavā, vinayadharo so arahati aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan”ti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—the expounders of the Teaching, “yo, bhagavā, dhammakathiko so arahati aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan”ti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—those who obtain the first absorption, “yo, bhagavā, paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhī so arahati aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan”ti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—those who obtain the second absorption, “yo, bhagavā, dutiyassa jhānassa lābhī so arahati aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan”ti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—those who obtain the third absorption, “yo, bhagavā, tatiyassa jhānassa lābhī so arahati aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan”ti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—those who obtain the fourth absorption, “yo, bhagavā, catutthassa jhānassa lābhī so arahati aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan”ti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—the stream-enterers, “yo, bhagavā, sotāpanno so arahati aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan”ti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—the once-returners, “yo, bhagavā, sakadāgāmī …pe… the nonreturners, yo, bhagavā, anāgāmī …pe… the perfected ones, yo, bhagavā, arahā so arahati aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan”ti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—those who have attained the three true insights, “yo, bhagavā, tevijjo so arahati aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan”ti. Ekacce bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—or those who have attained the six direct knowledges deserve the best seat, water, and almsfood.” “yo, bhagavā, chaḷabhiñño so arahati aggāsanaṁ aggodakaṁ aggapiṇḍan”ti.

The Buddha then addressed the monks: Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi—

Jātaka

“Even those animals, monks, were respectful, deferential, and courteous toward one another. Te hi nāma, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā aññamaññaṁ sagāravā sappatissā sabhāgavuttikā viharissanti. Having gone forth on this well-proclaimed spiritual path, will you look good if you are disrespectful, undeferential, and rude toward one another? Idha kho taṁ, bhikkhave, sobhetha yaṁ tumhe evaṁ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā aññamaññaṁ agāravā appatissā asabhāgavuttikā vihareyyātha? This will affect people’s confidence …” Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… After rebuking them … vigarahitvā …pe… the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—

“You should do these things according to seniority: bowing down, standing up, raising your joined palms, doing acts of respect, giving the best seat, giving the best water, and giving the best almsfood. “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yathāvuḍḍhaṁ abhivādanaṁ, paccuṭṭhānaṁ, añjalikammaṁ, sāmīcikammaṁ, aggāsanaṁ, aggodakaṁ, aggapiṇḍaṁ.

But what belongs to the Sangha shouldn’t be reserved according to seniority. Na ca, bhikkhave, saṅghikaṁ yathāvuḍḍhaṁ paṭibāhitabbaṁ. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

12. Persons one should not pay respect to, etc. 2.4. Avandiyādipuggala

“Monks, you shouldn’t pay respect to any of these ten kinds of persons: “Dasayime, bhikkhave, avandiyā—one who’s been given the full ordination after you; one who isn’t fully ordained; one who belongs to a different Buddhist sect who’s senior to you, but who speaks contrary to the Teaching; a woman; a <i lang='pi' translate='no'>paṇḍaka</i>; one who’s on probation; one who deserves to be sent back to the beginning; one who deserves the trial period; one who’s undertaking the trial period; one who deserves rehabilitation. pure upasampannena pacchā upasampanno avandiyo, anupasampanno avandiyo, nānāsaṁvāsako vuḍḍhataro adhammavādī avandiyo, mātugāmo avandiyo, paṇḍako avandiyo, pārivāsiko avandiyo, mūlāyapaṭikassanāraho avandiyo, mānattāraho avandiyo, mānattacāriko avandiyo, abbhānāraho avandiyo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dasa avandiyā.

But you should pay respect to these three kinds of persons: Tayome, bhikkhave, vandiyā—one who’s been given the full ordination before you; one who belongs to a different Buddhist sect who’s senior to you and who speaks in accordance with the Teaching; and in this world with its gods, lords of death, and supreme beings, in this society with its monastics and brahmins, its gods and humans, you should pay respect to the Buddha, perfected and fully awakened.” pacchā upasampannena pure upasampanno vandiyo, nānāsaṁvāsako vuḍḍhataro dhammavādī vandiyo, sadevake bhikkhave loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya tathāgato arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vandiyo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo vandiyā”ti.

13. The prohibition against reserving seats 2.5. Āsanappaṭibāhanapaṭikkhepa

At that time people prepared roof covers, mats, and places to stay for the Sangha. Tena kho pana samayena manussā saṅghaṁ uddissa maṇḍape paṭiyādenti, santhare paṭiyādenti, okāse paṭiyādenti. The monks who were the pupils of the monks from the group of six, thought, Chabbaggiyānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ antevāsikā bhikkhū—“The Buddha has instructed that what belongs to the Sangha shouldn’t be reserved according to seniority. But he’s given no such instruction about what has merely been prepared for the Sangha.” They then went ahead of the Sangha headed by the Buddha and took possession of the roof-covers, mats, and places to stay, thinking, “saṅghikaññeva bhagavatā yathāvuḍḍhaṁ anuññātaṁ, no uddissakatan”ti buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa purato purato gantvā maṇḍapepi pariggaṇhanti, santharepi pariggaṇhanti, okāsepi pariggaṇhanti—“This will be for our preceptors and teachers, and also for ourselves.” “idaṁ amhākaṁ upajjhāyānaṁ bhavissati, idaṁ amhākaṁ ācariyānaṁ bhavissati, idaṁ amhākaṁ bhavissatī”ti.

Following behind the Sangha, Venerable Sāriputta was unable to find a place to stay—the roof-covers, the mats, and the places to stay having all been taken. And so he sat down at the foot of a tree. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa piṭṭhito piṭṭhito gantvā maṇḍapesu pariggahitesu, santharesu pariggahitesu, okāsesu pariggahitesu, okāsaṁ alabhamāno aññatarasmiṁ rukkhamūle nisīdi.

Getting up early in the morning, the Buddha cleared his throat. Atha kho bhagavā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṁ paccuṭṭhāya ukkāsi. Sāriputta, too, cleared his throat. Āyasmāpi sāriputto ukkāsi.

“Who’s there?” “Ko etthā”ti?

“It’s me, sir, Sāriputta.” “Ahaṁ, bhagavā, sāriputto”ti.

“Why are you sitting here?” “Kissa tvaṁ, sāriputta, idha nisinno”ti?

Sāriputta told the Buddha what had happened. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesi. Soon afterwards the Buddha had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṅghaṁ sannipātāpetvā bhikkhū paṭipucchi—“Is it true, monks, that the monks who are the pupils of the monks from the group of six did this?” “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, chabbaggiyānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ antevāsikā bhikkhū—‘saṅghikaññeva bhagavatā yathāvuḍḍhaṁ anuññātaṁ, no uddissakatan’ti buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa purato purato gantvā maṇḍape pariggaṇhanti, santhare pariggaṇhanti, okāse pariggaṇhanti—idaṁ amhākaṁ upajjhāyānaṁ bhavissati, idaṁ amhākaṁ ācariyānaṁ bhavissati, idaṁ amhākaṁ bhavissatī”ti?

“It’s true, sir.” … “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti …pe…

After rebuking them … vigarahitvā …pe… the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—

“Even what has merely been prepared for the Sangha shouldn’t be reserved according to seniority. “na, bhikkhave, uddissakatampi yathāvuḍḍhaṁ paṭibāhitabbaṁ. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

14. The allowance for what belongs to a householder 2.6. Gihivikataanujānana

At that time people prepared high and luxurious resting places in the dining halls in inhabited areas, that is: Tena kho pana samayena manussā bhattagge antaraghare uccāsayanamahāsayanāni paññapenti, seyyathidaṁ—high couches, luxurious couches, long-fleeced woolen rugs, multi-colored woolen rugs, white woolen rugs, red woolen rugs, cotton-down quilts, woolen rugs decorated with the images of predatory animals, woolen rugs with long fleece on one side, woolen rugs with long fleece on both sides, sheets of silk embroidered with gems, silken sheets, woolen rugs like a dancer’s rug, elephant-back rugs, horse-back rugs, carriage-seat rugs, rugs made of black antelope hide, exquisite sheets made of <i lang='pi' translate='no'>kadalī</i>-deer hide, seats with canopies, seats with red cushions at each end. āsandiṁ, pallaṅkaṁ, gonakaṁ, cittakaṁ, paṭikaṁ, paṭalikaṁ, tūlikaṁ, vikatikaṁ, uddalomiṁ, ekantalomiṁ, kaṭṭissaṁ, koseyyaṁ, kuttakaṁ, hatthattharaṁ, assattharaṁ, rathattharaṁ, ajinapaveṇiṁ, kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇaṁ, sauttaracchadaṁ, ubhatolohitakūpadhānaṁ. Being afraid of wrongdoing, the monks did not sit on them. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā nābhinisīdanti. They told the Buddha. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“Apart from “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ṭhapetvā tīṇi—high couches, luxurious couches, and cotton-down quilts, āsandiṁ, pallaṅkaṁ, tūlikaṁ—I allow you to sit down on what belongs to householders, but not to lie down on it.” gihivikataṁ abhinisīdituṁ, na tveva abhinipajjitun”ti.

At that time people prepared beds and benches upholstered with cotton down in the dining halls in inhabited areas. Tena kho pana samayena manussā bhattagge antaraghare tūlonaddhaṁ mañcampi pīṭhampi paññapenti. Being afraid of wrongdoing, the monks did not sit on them. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā nābhinisīdanti. They told the Buddha. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to sit down on what belongs to householders, but not to lie down on it.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gihivikataṁ abhinisīdituṁ, na tveva abhinipajjitun”ti.

15. The expression of appreciation for the Jeta Grove dwellings 2.7. Jetavanavihārānumodanā

Wandering on, the Buddha eventually arrived at Sāvatthī, Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṁ caramāno yena sāvatthi tadavasari. where he stayed in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery. Tatra sudaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Anāthapiṇḍika then went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down, Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. and said, Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavantaṁ etadavoca—“Sir, please accept tomorrow’s meal from me together with the Sangha of monks.” “adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya bhattaṁ saddhiṁ bhikkhusaṅghenā”ti. The Buddha consented by remaining silent. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Knowing that the Buddha had consented, Anāthapiṇḍika got up from his seat, bowed down, circumambulated the Buddha with his right side toward him, and left. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavato adhivāsanaṁ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā pakkāmi.

The following morning Anāthapiṇḍika had various kinds of fine foods prepared. He then had the Buddha informed Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati tassā rattiyā accayena paṇītaṁ khādanīyaṁ bhojanīyaṁ paṭiyādāpetvā bhagavato kālaṁ ārocāpesi—that the meal was ready. “kālo, bhante, niṭṭhitaṁ bhattan”ti. The Buddha robed up, took his bowl and robe, and went to Anāthapiṇḍika’s house where he sat down on the prepared seat together with the Sangha of monks. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena anāthapiṇḍikassa gahapatissa nivesanaṁ tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi saddhiṁ bhikkhusaṅghena. Anāthapiṇḍika then personally served various kinds of fine foods to the Sangha of monks headed by the Buddha. When the Buddha had finished his meal and had washed his hands and bowl, Anāthapiṇḍika sat down to one side Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati buddhappamukhaṁ bhikkhusaṅghaṁ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappetvā sampavāretvā, bhagavantaṁ bhuttāviṁ onītapattapāṇiṁ, ekamantaṁ nisīdi. and said, Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavantaṁ etadavoca—“Sir, what should I do in regard to the Jeta Grove?” “kathāhaṁ, bhante, jetavane paṭipajjāmī”ti?

“You should dedicate the Jeta Grove to the Sangha as a whole, both present and future.” “Tena hi tvaṁ, gahapati, jetavanaṁ āgatānāgatassa cātuddisassa saṅghassa patiṭṭhapehī”ti.

“Yes, sir.” And he did just that. “Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati bhagavato paṭissutvā jetavanaṁ āgatānāgatassa cātuddisassa saṅghassa patiṭṭhāpesi.

The Buddha then expressed his appreciation with these verses: Atha kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ imāhi gāthāhi anumodi—

“Cold and heat are kept away, “Sītaṁ uṇhaṁ paṭihanti, And so are predatory beasts, tato vāḷamigāni ca; And creeping animals and mosquitoes, Sarīsape ca makase, And also chill and rain. sisire cāpi vuṭṭhiyo.

They keep away the wind and burning sun, Tato vātātapo ghoro, When those awful things arise. sañjāto paṭihaññati; Their purpose is to shelter and for happiness, Leṇatthañca sukhatthañca, To attain absorption and to see clearly. jhāyituñca vipassituṁ.

Giving dwellings to the Sangha Vihāradānaṁ saṅghassa, Is praised as the best by the Buddha. aggaṁ buddhena vaṇṇitaṁ; Therefore the wise man, Tasmā hi paṇḍito poso, Seeing what’s beneficial for himself, sampassaṁ atthamattano.

Should build delightful dwellings Vihāre kāraye ramme, And have the learned stay there. vāsayettha bahussute; Food, drink, cloth, and dwellings—Tesaṁ annañca pānañca, With an inspired mind, vatthasenāsanāni ca.

He should give to them, Dadeyya ujubhūtesu, The upright ones. Vippasannena cetasā; They will give him the Teaching Te tassa dhammaṁ desenti, For removing all suffering; Sabbadukkhāpanūdanaṁ; And understanding this Teaching in this very life, Yaṁ so dhammaṁ idhaññāya, He attains extinguishment, free of corruptions.” Parinibbāti anāsavo”ti.

The Buddha then got up from his seat and left. Atha kho bhagavā anāthapiṇḍikaṁ gahapatiṁ imāhi gāthāhi anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.

16. Reservation of seats, etc. 2.8. Āsanappaṭibāhanādi

On one occasion a certain government official who was an Ājīvaka disciple was offering a meal to the Sangha. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa ājīvakasāvakassa mahāmattassa saṅghabhattaṁ hoti. Arriving late, Venerable Upananda the Sakyan made the nearest monk get up before he had finished his meal. Āyasmā upanando sakyaputto pacchā āgantvā vippakatabhojanaṁ ānantarikaṁ bhikkhuṁ vuṭṭhāpesi. There was an uproar in the dining hall. Bhattaggaṁ kolāhalaṁ ahosi. That official then complained and criticized him, Atha kho so mahāmatto ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti—“How can the Sakyan monastics arrive late and make the nearest monk get up in the middle of his meal? “kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā pacchā āgantvā vippakatabhojanaṁ ānantarikaṁ bhikkhuṁ vuṭṭhāpessanti. There was an uproar in the dining hall. Bhattaggaṁ kolāhalaṁ ahosi. It’s impossible to eat as much as you like when you’re not seated.” Nanu nāma labbhā aññatrāpi nisinnena yāvadatthaṁ bhuñjitun”ti?

The monks heard the complaints of that official, Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tassa mahāmattassa ujjhāyantassa khiyyantassa vipācentassa. and the monks of few desires complained and criticized Upananda, Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“How could he act like this?” “kathañhi nāma āyasmā upanando sakyaputto pacchā āgantvā vippakatabhojanaṁ ānantarikaṁ bhikkhuṁ vuṭṭhāpessati. Bhattaggaṁ kolāhalaṁ ahosī”ti. They told the Buddha what had happened. Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“Is it true, Upananda, that you acted like this?” “Saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, upananda, pacchā āgantvā vippakatabhojanaṁ ānantarikaṁ bhikkhuṁ vuṭṭhāpesi, bhattaggaṁ kolāhalaṁ ahosī”ti?

“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

The Buddha rebuked him … Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… “Foolish man, how could you act like this? kathañhi nāma tvaṁ, moghapurisa, pacchā āgantvā vippakatabhojanaṁ ānantarikaṁ bhikkhuṁ vuṭṭhāpessasi? Bhattaggaṁ kolāhalaṁ ahosi. This will affect people’s confidence …” Netaṁ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… After rebuking him … vigarahitvā …pe… the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—

“You shouldn’t make a monk get up who hasn’t finished his meal. “na, bhikkhave, vippakatabhojano bhikkhu vuṭṭhāpetabbo. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. Yo vuṭṭhāpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

If you’re asked to get up, and you’ve already refused an invitation to eat more, you should say, “Please go and get some water.” Sace vuṭṭhāpeti, pavārito ca hoti, ‘gaccha udakaṁ āharā’ti vattabbo. If the other goes, all is well. Evañcetaṁ labhetha, iccetaṁ kusalaṁ. If not, you should properly swallow the mouthful and give the seat to the more senior monk. No ce labhetha, sādhukaṁ sitthāni gilitvā vuḍḍhatarassa bhikkhuno āsanaṁ dātabbaṁ. Under no circumstances should you block a more senior monk from a seat. Na tvevāhaṁ, bhikkhave, kenaci pariyāyena vuḍḍhatarassa bhikkhuno āsanaṁ paṭibāhitabbanti vadāmi. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassāti”.

On one occasion the monks from the group of six asked the sick monks to get up. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū gilāne bhikkhū vuṭṭhāpenti. The sick monks said, Gilānā evaṁ vadenti—“We’re not able to get up. We’re sick.” “na mayaṁ, āvuso, sakkoma vuṭṭhātuṁ, gilānāmhā”ti.

Saying, “We’ll make the venerables get up,” they took hold of them, lifted them up, and then released them when they were standing. “Mayaṁ āyasmante vuṭṭhāpessāmā”ti pariggahetvā vuṭṭhāpetvā ṭhitake muñcanti. The sick monks fainted and collapsed. Gilānā mucchitā papatanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You shouldn’t make the sick get up. “Na, bhikkhave, gilāno vuṭṭhāpetabbo. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” Yo vuṭṭhāpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

The monks from the group of six took possession of the best beds, saying, Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū—“We’re sick and no-one can make us get up.” “gilānā mayamhā avuṭṭhāpanīyā”ti varaseyyāyo palibuddhenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You should give suitable beds to those who are sick.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānassa patirūpaṁ seyyaṁ dātun”ti.

The monks from the group of six used a pretext to reserve resting places. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū lesakappena senāsanaṁ paṭibāhanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You shouldn’t use a pretext to reserve a resting place. “Na, bhikkhave, lesakappena senāsanaṁ paṭibāhitabbaṁ. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

At that time the monks from the group of seventeen were repairing a large dwelling nearby, Tena kho pana samayena sattarasavaggiyā bhikkhū aññataraṁ paccantimaṁ mahāvihāraṁ paṭisaṅkharonti—intending to stay there for the rainy season. “idha mayaṁ vassaṁ vasissāmā”ti. The monks from the group of six saw this Addasaṁsu kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhū sattarasavaggiye bhikkhū vihāraṁ paṭisaṅkharonte. and said, Disvāna evamāhaṁsu—“These monks from the group of seventeen are repairing a dwelling. “ime, āvuso, sattarasavaggiyā bhikkhū vihāraṁ paṭisaṅkharonti. Let’s throw them out.” Handa ne vuṭṭhāpessāmā”ti. But some of them said, Ekacce evamāhaṁsu—“Let’s wait until they’ve finished repairing it.” “āgamethāvuso, yāva paṭisaṅkharonti, paṭisaṅkhate vuṭṭhāpessāmā”ti.

Soon afterwards the monks from the group of six said to those from the group of seventeen, Atha kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhū sattarasavaggiye bhikkhū etadavocuṁ—“Leave, this dwelling is ours.” “uṭṭhethāvuso, amhākaṁ vihāro pāpuṇātī”ti.

“Shouldn’t you have told us beforehand? “Nanu, āvuso, paṭikacceva ācikkhitabbaṁ? We would have repaired another one.” Mayañcaññaṁ paṭisaṅkhareyyāmā”ti.

“Doesn’t this dwelling belong to the Sangha?” “Nanu, āvuso, saṅghiko vihāro”ti?

“Yes it does.” “Āmāvuso, saṅghiko vihāro”ti.

“Well then, leave. This dwelling is ours.” “Uṭṭhethāvuso, amhākaṁ vihāro pāpuṇātī”ti.

“The dwelling is large. “Mahallako, āvuso, vihāro; You can stay here and so can we.” tumhepi vasatha, mayampi vasissāmā”ti.

But they said, “Leave, this dwelling is ours,” and they grabbed them by the necks and threw them out in anger. “Uṭṭhethāvuso, amhākaṁ vihāro pāpuṇātī”ti kupitā anattamanā gīvāyaṁ gahetvā nikkaḍḍhanti. The monks from the group of seventeen cried. Te nikkaḍḍhiyamānā rodanti. When other monks asked them why, Bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—“kissa tumhe, āvuso, rodathā”ti? they told them what had happened. “Ime, āvuso, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū kupitā anattamanā amhe saṅghikā vihārā nikkaḍḍhantī”ti.

The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“How could the monks from the group of six angrily throw other monks out of a dwelling belonging to the Sangha?” “kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū kupitā anattamanā bhikkhū saṅghikā vihārā nikkaḍḍhissantī”ti.

They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “Is it true, monks, that you did this?” “saccaṁ kira, tumhe bhikkhave, kupitā anattamanā saṅghikā vihārā bhikkhū nikkaḍḍhathā”ti?

“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti …pe…

The Buddha rebuked them … vigarahitvā …pe… and after giving a teaching, he addressed the monks: dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—

“You shouldn’t, in anger, throw a monk out of a dwelling belonging to the Sangha. “na, bhikkhave, kupitena anattamanena bhikkhu saṅghikā vihārā nikkaḍḍhitabbo. If you do, you should be dealt with according to the rule. Yo nikkaḍḍheyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo. You should allocate the dwellings.” Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, senāsanaṁ gāhetun”ti.

17. The appointment of allocators of dwellings 2.9. Senāsanaggāhāpakasammuti

The monks thought, Atha kho bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi—“Who should allocate the dwellings?” “kena nu kho senāsanaṁ gāhetabban”ti? They told the Buddha, who then gave a teaching and addressed the monks: Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…

“You should appoint a monk who has five qualities as the allocator of dwellings: “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṁ bhikkhuṁ senāsanaggāhāpakaṁ sammannituṁ—one who’s not biased by favoritism, ill will, confusion, or fear, and who knows which dwellings have and have not been allocated. yo na chandāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṁ gaccheyya, gahitāgahitañca jāneyya. And he should be appointed like this. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo—First a monk should be asked, and then a competent and capable monk should inform the Sangha: Paṭhamaṁ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo—

The allocators of dwellings thought, Atha kho senāsanaggāhāpakānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi—“How should we allocate the dwellings?” “kathaṁ nu kho senāsanaṁ gāhetabban”ti? They told the Buddha. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“First you should count the monks and the beds. You should then allocate one monk to each bed.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paṭhamaṁ bhikkhū gaṇetuṁ, bhikkhū gaṇetvā seyyā gaṇetuṁ, seyyā gaṇetvā seyyaggena gāhetun”ti.

When they had allocated the beds, there were beds left over. Seyyaggena gāhentā seyyā ussārayiṁsu …pe…

“You should allocate one monk to each dwelling.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vihāraggena gāhetun”ti.

When they had allocated the dwellings, there were dwellings left over. Vihāraggena gāhentā vihārā ussārayiṁsu …pe…

“You should allocate one monk to each yard.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pariveṇaggena gāhetun”ti.

When they had allocated the yards, there were yards left over. Pariveṇaggena gāhentā pariveṇā ussārayiṁsu …pe…

“You should give out additional shares. “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, anubhāgampi dātuṁ. If another monk arrives after the additional shares have been allocated, then, if you’re unwilling, you need not give him a share.” Gahite anubhāge añño bhikkhu āgacchati, akāmā na dātabbo”ti.

On one occasion the monks allocated a dwelling to one who was outside the monastery zone. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū nissīme ṭhitassa senāsanaṁ gāhenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You shouldn’t allocate a dwelling to one outside the monastery zone. “Na, bhikkhave, nissīme ṭhitassa senāsanaṁ gāhetabbaṁ. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” Yo gāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

After accepting a dwelling, the monks reserved it at all times. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū senāsanaṁ gahetvā sabbakālaṁ paṭibāhanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“After accepting a dwelling, you shouldn’t reserve it at all times. “Na, bhikkhave, senāsanaṁ gahetvā sabbakālaṁ paṭibāhitabbaṁ. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. I allow you to reserve it for the three months of the rainy-season residence, but not at other times.” Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vassānaṁ temāsaṁ paṭibāhituṁ, utukālaṁ pana na paṭibāhitun”ti.

The monks thought, Atha kho bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi—“How many times are there for the allocation of dwellings?” “kati nu kho senāsanaggāhā”ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“There are three times for the allocation of dwellings: “Tayo me, bhikkhave, senāsanaggāhā—the first, the second, and when given up in between. purimako, pacchimako, antarāmuttako. The first allocation is on the day after the full moon of July. Aparajjugatāya āsāḷhiyā purimako gāhetabbo. The second allocation is one month after the full moon of July. Māsagatāya āsāḷhiyā pacchimako gāhetabbo. The allocation of what is given up in between is on the day after the invitation ceremony and is for the purpose of spending the next rains residence.” Aparajjugatāya pavāraṇāya āyatiṁ vassāvāsatthāya antarāmuttako gāhetabbo. Ime kho, bhikkhave, tayo senāsanaggāhā”ti.

The second section for recitation is finished. Dutiyabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.

The third section for recitation

Regulations on dwellings, furniture, etc.

On one occasion Venerable Upananda the Sakyan had accepted a dwelling at Sāvatthī, but then went to a certain village monastery, Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā upanando sakyaputto sāvatthiyaṁ senāsanaṁ gahetvā aññataraṁ gāmakāvāsaṁ agamāsi. where he was also allocated a dwelling. Tatthapi senāsanaṁ aggahesi. The monks there thought, Atha kho tesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi—“This Upananda is quarrelsome and argumentative, and creates legal issues in the Sangha. “ayaṁ, āvuso, āyasmā upanando sakyaputto bhaṇḍanakārako kalahakārako vivādakārako bhassakārako saṅghe adhikaraṇakārako. If he spends the rainy season here, none of us will be at ease. Sacāyaṁ idha vassaṁ vasissati, sabbeva mayaṁ na phāsu bhavissāma. Well then, let’s question him.” Handa naṁ pucchāmā”ti.

And they said to Upananda, Atha kho te bhikkhū āyasmantaṁ upanandaṁ sakyaputtaṁ etadavocuṁ—“Haven’t you been allocated a dwelling at Sāvatthī?” “nanu tayā, āvuso upananda, sāvatthiyaṁ senāsanaṁ gahitan”ti?

“Yes, I have.” “Evamāvuso”ti.

“But if it’s only you, why do you reserve two dwellings?” “Kiṁ pana tvaṁ, āvuso upananda, eko dve paṭibāhasī”ti?

“I’ll give up this one “Idha dānāhaṁ, āvuso, muñcāmi; and take the one at Sāvatthī.” tattha gaṇhāmī”ti.

The monks of few desires complained and criticized him, Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“How could Upananda reserve two dwellings for himself?” “kathañhi nāma āyasmā upanando sakyaputto eko dve paṭibāhessatī”ti. They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned Upananda: Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “Is it true, Upananda, that you did this?” “saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, upananda, eko dve paṭibāhasī”ti?

“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

The Buddha rebuked him … Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… “Foolish man, how could you reserve two dwellings for yourself? kathañhi nāma tvaṁ, moghapurisa, eko dve paṭibāhissasi? When you accepted a dwelling there, the dwelling here was given up, and when you accepted a dwelling here, the dwelling there was given up. Tattha tayā, moghapurisa, gahitaṁ idha muttaṁ, idha tayā gahitaṁ tatra muttaṁ. You’re now excluded from both. Evaṁ kho tvaṁ, moghapurisa, ubhayattha paribāhiro. This will affect people’s confidence …” Netaṁ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… After rebuking him … vigarahitvā …pe… the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—

“A single monk shouldn’t reserve two dwellings. “na, bhikkhave, ekena dve paṭibāhitabbā. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

At one time the Buddha was giving many talks on the Monastic Law. He spoke in praise of it and of learning it, and he repeatedly praised Venerable Upāli. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā bhikkhūnaṁ anekapariyāyena vinayakathaṁ kathesi, vinayassa vaṇṇaṁ bhāsati, vinayapariyattiyā vaṇṇaṁ bhāsati, ādissa ādissa āyasmato upālissa vaṇṇaṁ bhāsati. When they heard this, the monks thought, Bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi—“bhagavā kho anekapariyāyena vinayakathaṁ katheti, vinayassa vaṇṇaṁ bhāsati, vinayapariyattiyā vaṇṇaṁ bhāsati, ādissa ādissa āyasmato upālissa vaṇṇaṁ bhāsati. “Well then, let’s learn the Monastic Law from Venerable Upāli.” Handa mayaṁ, āvuso, āyasmato upālissa santike vinayaṁ pariyāpuṇāmā”ti. And many monks, both senior and junior, as well as those of middle standing, learned the Monastic Law from Upāli. Tedha bahū bhikkhū therā ca navā ca majjhimā ca āyasmato upālissa santike vinayaṁ pariyāpuṇanti.

Out of respect for the senior monks, Upāli taught while standing. Āyasmā upāli ṭhitakova uddisati therānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ gāravena. And out of respect for the Teaching, the senior monks, too, were standing. Therāpi bhikkhū ṭhitakāva uddisāpenti dhammagāravena. They all became tired. Tattha therā ceva bhikkhū kilamanti, āyasmā ca upāli kilamati. They told the Buddha. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“A junior monk who’s teaching should sit on a similar or higher seat out of respect for the Teaching. “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, navakena bhikkhunā uddisantena samake vā āsane nisīdituṁ, uccatare vā dhammagāravena; A senior monk who’s being taught should sit on a similar or lower seat out of respect for the Teaching.” therena bhikkhunā uddisāpentena samake vā āsane nisīdituṁ, nīcatare vā dhammagāravenā”ti.

On one occasion many monks were standing in the presence of Upāli, honoring the recitation. They became tired. Tena kho pana samayena bahū bhikkhū āyasmato upālissa santike ṭhitakā uddesaṁ paṭimānentā kilamanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow those who are entitled to sit on the same seat to sit together.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, samānāsanikehi saha nisīditun”ti.

The monks thought, Atha kho bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi—“Who are entitled to sit on the same seat?” “kittāvatā nu kho samānāsaniko hotī”ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ—

“I allow those with a difference of three years or less in seniority to sit together.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tivassantarena saha nisīditun”ti.

On one occasion a number of monks who were entitled to sit on the same seat were seated on a bed. The bed broke. They were seated on the same bench, and the bench broke. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū samānāsanikā mañce nisīditvā mañcaṁ bhindiṁsu, pīṭhe nisīditvā pīṭhaṁ bhindiṁsu. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow a maximum of three on the same bed or bench.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tivaggassa mañcaṁ, tivaggassa pīṭhan”ti.

The beds and benches still broke. Tivaggopi mañce nisīditvā mañcaṁ bhindi, pīṭhe nisīditvā pīṭhaṁ bhindi …pe…

“I allow a maximum of two on the same bed or bench.” “anujānāmi, bhikkhave, duvaggassa mañcaṁ, duvaggassa pīṭhan”ti.

At that time, being afraid of wrongdoing, monks who were not entitled to sit on the same seat did not sit together on a long seat. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū asamānāsanikehi saha dīghāsane nisīdituṁ kukkuccāyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow those who aren’t entitled to sit on the same seat to sit together on a long seat, except with a <i lang='pi' translate='no'>paṇḍaka</i>, a woman, or a hermaphrodite.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ṭhapetvā paṇḍakaṁ, mātugāmaṁ, ubhatobyañjanakaṁ, asamānāsanikehi saha dīghāsane nisīditun”ti.

The monks thought, Atha kho bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi—“What’s the size of the smallest long seat?” “kittakaṁ pacchimaṁ nu kho dīghāsanaṁ hotī”ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“A seat for three is the smallest long seat.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, yaṁ tiṇṇaṁ pahoti, ettakaṁ pacchimaṁ dīghāsanan”ti.

At one time Visākhā Migāramātā wanted to build a stilt house for the benefit of the Sangha, including a porch and elephant globes. Tena kho pana samayena visākhā migāramātā saṅghassa atthāya sāḷindaṁ pāsādaṁ kārāpetukāmā hoti hatthinakhakaṁ. The monks thought, Atha kho bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi—“What stilt-house equipment has the Buddha allowed and what hasn’t he allowed?” “kiṁ nu kho bhagavatā pāsādaparibhogo anuññāto kiṁ ananuññāto”ti? They told the Buddha. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow all stilt-house equipment.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, sabbaṁ pāsādaparibhogan”ti.

At one time King Pasenadi of Kosala’s grandmother had just died. Tena kho pana samayena rañño pasenadissa kosalassa ayyikā kālaṅkatā hoti. As a result, many unallowable goods were offered to the Sangha, that is: Tassa kālaṅkiriyāya saṅghassa bahuṁ akappiyabhaṇḍaṁ uppannaṁ hoti, seyyathidaṁ—high couches, luxurious couches, long-fleeced woolen rugs, multi-colored woolen rugs, white woolen rugs, red woolen rugs, cotton-down quilts, woolen rugs decorated with the images of predatory animals, woolen rugs with long fleece on one side, woolen rugs with long fleece on both sides, sheets of silk embroidered with gems, silken sheets, woolen rugs like a dancer’s rug, elephant-back rugs, horse-back rugs, carriage-seat rugs, rugs made of black antelope hide, exquisite sheets made of <i lang='pi' translate='no'>kadalī</i>-deer hide, seats with canopies, and seats with red cushions at each end. āsandi, pallaṅko, gonako, cittako, paṭikā, paṭalikā, tūlikā, vikatikā, uddalomī, ekantalomī, kaṭṭissaṁ, koseyyaṁ, kuttakaṁ, hatthattharaṁ, assattharaṁ, rathattharaṁ, ajinapaveṇi, kadalimigapavarapaccattharaṇaṁ, sauttaracchadaṁ, ubhatolohitakūpadhānaṁ. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to use a high couch after cutting its legs down to size, to use a luxurious couch after removing the images of predatory animals, to make a pillow after removing the cotton down from the cotton-down quilt, and to make floor covers of the rest.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, āsandiyā pāde chinditvā paribhuñjituṁ, pallaṅkassa vāḷe bhinditvā paribhuñjituṁ, tūlikaṁ vijaṭetvā bibbohanaṁ kātuṁ, avasesaṁ bhūmattharaṇaṁ kātun”ti.

19. What is not to be given away 3.1. Avissajjiyavatthu

At one time in a village monastery not far from Sāvatthī the resident monks were fed up with assigning dwellings to monks who were coming and going. Tena kho pana samayena sāvatthiyā avidūre aññatarasmiṁ gāmakāvāse āvāsikā bhikkhū upaddutā honti āgantukagamikānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ senāsanaṁ paññapentā. They considered this Atha kho tesaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi—“etarahi kho mayaṁ, āvuso, upaddutā āgantukagamikānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ senāsanaṁ paññapentā. and thought, “Well, let’s give all the dwellings belonging to the Sangha to one of us. Handa mayaṁ, āvuso, sabbaṁ saṅghikaṁ senāsanaṁ ekassa dema. We’ll then use what belongs to him.” Tassa santakaṁ paribhuñjissāmā”ti. And they did just that. Te sabbaṁ saṅghikaṁ senāsanaṁ ekassa adaṁsu.

When newly-arrived monks said to them, Āgantukā bhikkhū te bhikkhū etadavocuṁ—“Please assign us a dwelling,” “amhākaṁ, āvuso, senāsanaṁ paññapethā”ti. they replied, “There aren’t any dwellings belonging to the Sangha. “Natthāvuso, saṅghikaṁ senāsanaṁ; We’ve given them to one monk.” sabbaṁ amhehi ekassa dinnan”ti.

“So you’ve given away the dwellings belonging to the Sangha?” “Kiṁ pana tumhe, āvuso, saṅghikaṁ senāsanaṁ vissajjethā”ti?

“Yes.” “Evamāvuso”ti.

The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“How could they give away the dwellings belonging to the Sangha?” “kathañhi nāma bhikkhū saṅghikaṁ senāsanaṁ vissajjessantī”ti. They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “Is it true, monks, that they did this?” “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhū saṅghikaṁ senāsanaṁ vissajjentī”ti?

“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

The Buddha rebuked them, Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… “How could those foolish men give away dwellings belonging to the Sangha? kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā saṅghikaṁ senāsanaṁ vissajjessanti? This will affect people’s confidence …” Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… After rebuking them … vigarahitvā …pe… the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—

“There are five things not to be given away, either by a sangha, a group, or an individual. “Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, avissajjiyāni, na vissajjetabbāni, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Even if given away, they’re not actually given away. Vissajjitānipi avissajjitāni honti. If you give any of them away, you commit a serious offense. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.

What five? Katamāni pañca?

1. A monastery or the site of a monastery Ārāmo, ārāmavatthu—idaṁ paṭhamaṁ avissajjiyaṁ, na vissajjetabbaṁ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitampi avissajjitaṁ hoti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
2. A dwelling or the site of a dwelling Vihāro, vihāravatthu—idaṁ dutiyaṁ avissajjiyaṁ, na vissajjetabbaṁ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitampi avissajjitaṁ hoti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
3. A bed, bench, mattress, or pillow Mañco, pīṭhaṁ, bhisi, bibbohanaṁ—idaṁ tatiyaṁ avissajjiyaṁ, na vissajjetabbaṁ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitampi avissajjitaṁ hoti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
4. A metal pot, a metal jar, a metal bucket, a metal bowl, an adz, a hatchet, an ax, a spade, or a chisel Lohakumbhī, lohabhāṇakaṁ, lohavārako, lohakaṭāhaṁ, vāsi, parasu, kuṭhārī, kudālo, nikhādanaṁ—idaṁ catutthaṁ avissajjiyaṁ, na vissajjetabbaṁ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitampi avissajjitaṁ hoti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
5. A creeper, bamboo, reed, grass, clay, wooden goods, or ceramic goods.” Valli, veḷu, muñjaṁ, pabbajaṁ, tiṇaṁ, mattikā, dārubhaṇḍaṁ, mattikābhaṇḍaṁ—idaṁ pañcamaṁ avissajjiyaṁ, na vissajjetabbaṁ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitampi avissajjitaṁ hoti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.

Imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca avissajjiyāni, na vissajjetabbāni, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vissajjitānipi avissajjitāni honti. Yo vissajjeyya, āpatti thullaccayassā”ti.

20. What is not to be distributed 3.2. Avebhaṅgiyavatthu

When the Buddha had stayed at Sāvatthī for as long as he liked, he set out wandering toward Kīṭāgiri with a large sangha of five hundred monks, including Sāriputta and Mahāmoggallāna. Atha kho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ yathābhirantaṁ viharitvā yena kīṭāgiri tena cārikaṁ pakkāmi mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sāriputtamoggallānehi ca. The monks Assaji and Punabbasuka heard about this and said, Assosuṁ kho assajipunabbasukā bhikkhū—“bhagavā kira kīṭāgiriṁ āgacchati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sāriputtamoggallānehi ca. “Well then, let’s distribute all the dwellings belonging to the Sangha. Handa mayaṁ, āvuso, sabbaṁ saṅghikaṁ senāsanaṁ bhājema. Sāriputta and Mahāmoggallāna are in the grip of bad desires. Pāpicchā sāriputtamoggallānā, pāpikānaṁ icchānaṁ vasaṁ gatā; So let’s not assign them any dwellings.” And they distributed all the dwellings belonging to the Sangha. na mayaṁ tesaṁ senāsanaṁ paññapessāmā”ti, te sabbaṁ saṅghikaṁ senāsanaṁ bhājesuṁ.

When the Buddha eventually arrived at Kīṭāgiri, Atha kho bhagavā anupubbena cārikaṁ caramāno yena kīṭāgiri tadavasari. he said to a group of monks, Atha kho bhagavā sambahule bhikkhū āmantesi—“gacchatha tumhe, bhikkhave; “Go to the monks Assaji and Punabbasuka and say, assajipunabbasuke bhikkhū upasaṅkamitvā evaṁ vadetha—‘The Buddha is coming with a large sangha of five hundred monks, including Sāriputta and Mahāmoggallāna. ‘bhagavā, āvuso, āgacchati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sāriputtamoggallānehi ca. Please assign dwellings to the Buddha, to the Sangha of monks, and to Sāriputta and Mahāmoggallāna.’” Bhagavato ca, āvuso, senāsanaṁ paññapetha, bhikkhusaṅghassa ca, sāriputtamoggallānānañcā’”ti.

Saying, “Yes, sir,” they did just that. “Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paṭissutvā yena assajipunabbasukā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṁsu, upasaṅkamitvā assajipunabbasuke bhikkhū etadavocuṁ—“bhagavā, āvuso, āgacchati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṁ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi sāriputtamoggallānehi ca. Bhagavato ca, āvuso, senāsanaṁ paññapetha, bhikkhusaṅghassa ca, sāriputtamoggallānānañcā”ti.

The monks Assaji and Punabbasuka replied, “There aren’t any dwellings belonging to the Sangha. “Natthāvuso, saṅghikaṁ senāsanaṁ. We’ve shared them all out. Sabbaṁ amhehi bhājitaṁ. The Buddha is welcome Svāgataṁ, āvuso, bhagavato. and he may stay wherever he likes. Yasmiṁ vihāre bhagavā icchissati tasmiṁ vihāre vasissati. But Sāriputta and Mahāmoggallāna are in the grip of bad desires. Pāpicchā sāriputtamoggallānā, pāpikānaṁ icchānaṁ vasaṁ gatā. We won’t assign them any dwellings.” Na mayaṁ tesaṁ senāsanaṁ paññapessāmā”ti.

“So you’ve distributed the dwellings belonging to the Sangha?” “Kiṁ pana tumhe, āvuso, saṅghikaṁ senāsanaṁ bhājitthā”ti?

“Yes.” “Evamāvuso”ti.

The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“How could they distribute the dwellings belonging to the Sangha?” “kathañhi nāma assajipunabbasukā bhikkhū saṅghikaṁ senāsanaṁ bhājessantī”ti. They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks: Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “Is it true, monks, that they did this?” “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave …pe…

“It’s true, sir.” “Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.

The Buddha rebuked them, Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe… “How could those foolish men distribute the dwellings belonging to the Sangha? kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā saṅghikaṁ senāsanaṁ bhājessanti? This will affect people’s confidence …” Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe… After rebuking them … vigarahitvā …pe… the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—

“There are five things not to be distributed, either by a sangha, a group, or an individual. “Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, avebhaṅgiyāni, na vibhajitabbāni, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Even if distributed, they’re not actually distributed. Vibhattānipi avibhattāni honti. If you distribute any of them, you commit a serious offense. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.

What five? Katamāni pañca?

1. A monastery or the land of a monastery Ārāmo, ārāmavatthu—idaṁ paṭhamaṁ avebhaṅgiyaṁ, na vibhajitabbaṁ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattampi avibhattaṁ hoti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
2. A dwelling or the land of a dwelling Vihāro, vihāravatthu—idaṁ dutiyaṁ avebhaṅgiyaṁ, na vibhajitabbaṁ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattampi avibhattaṁ hoti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
3. A bed, bench, mattress, or pillow Mañco, pīṭhaṁ, bhisi, bibbohanaṁ—idaṁ tatiyaṁ avebhaṅgiyaṁ, na vibhajitabbaṁ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattampi avibhattaṁ hoti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
4. A metal pot, a metal jar, a metal bucket, a metal bowl, an adz, a hatchet, an ax, a spade, or a chisel Lohakumbhī, lohabhāṇakaṁ, lohavārako, lohakaṭāhaṁ, vāsī, parasu, kuṭhārī, kudālo, nikhādanaṁ—idaṁ catutthaṁ avebhaṅgiyaṁ, na vibhajitabbaṁ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattampi avibhattaṁ hoti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.
5. A creeper, bamboo, reed, grass, clay, wooden goods, or ceramic goods.” Vallī, veḷu, muñjaṁ, pabbajaṁ, tiṇaṁ, mattikā, dārubhaṇḍaṁ, mattikābhaṇḍaṁ—idaṁ pañcamaṁ avebhaṅgiyaṁ, na vibhajitabbaṁ, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattampi avibhattaṁ hoti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassa.

Imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca avebhaṅgiyāni, na vibhajitabbāni, saṅghena vā gaṇena vā puggalena vā. Vibhattānipi avibhattāni honti. Yo vibhajeyya, āpatti thullaccayassā”ti.

21. Discussion on putting in charge of building work 3.3. Navakammadānakathā

When the Buddha had stayed at Kīṭāgiri for as long as he liked, he set out wandering toward Āḷavī. Atha kho bhagavā kīṭāgirismiṁ yathābhirantaṁ viharitvā yena āḷavī tena cārikaṁ pakkāmi. When he eventually arrived, Anupubbena cārikaṁ caramāno yena āḷavī tadavasari. he stayed at Aggāḷava Shrine. Tatra sudaṁ bhagavā āḷaviyaṁ viharati aggāḷave cetiye.

At that time the monks of Āḷava put monks in charge of building work such as this: Tena kho pana samayena āḷavakā bhikkhū evarūpāni navakammāni denti—the mere filling of gaps, piṇḍanikkhepanamattenapi navakammaṁ denti; the mere plastering of walls, kuṭṭalepanamattenapi navakammaṁ denti; the mere hanging of doors, dvāraṭṭhapanamattenapi navakammaṁ denti; the mere making of door jambs, aggaḷavaṭṭikaraṇamattenapi navakammaṁ denti; the mere making of windows, ālokasandhikaraṇamattenapi navakammaṁ denti; the mere application of white coloring, setavaṇṇakaraṇamattenapi navakammaṁ denti; the mere application of black coloring, kāḷavaṇṇakaraṇamattenapi navakammaṁ denti; the mere treatment with red ocher, gerukaparikammakaraṇamattenapi navakammaṁ denti; the mere covering with a roof, chādanamattenapi navakammaṁ denti; the mere fastening of a roof, bandhanamattenapi navakammaṁ denti; the mere fixing of cornices, bhaṇḍikāṭṭhapanamattenapi navakammaṁ denti; the mere repair of what was defective or broken, khaṇḍaphullapaṭisaṅkharaṇamattenapi navakammaṁ denti; and the mere plastering of floors; paribhaṇḍakaraṇamattenapi navakammaṁ denti; and they put monks in charge of building work for twenty years, vīsativassikampi navakammaṁ denti; for thirty years, tiṁsavassikampi navakammaṁ denti; and for life; yāvajīvikampi navakammaṁ denti; and they put monks in charge of building work for life on finished dwellings. dhūmakālikampi pariyositaṁ vihāraṁ navakammaṁ denti.

The monks of few desires complained and criticized them, Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“How can the monks at Āḷavī put monks in charge of such kinds of work?” “kathañhi nāma āḷavakā bhikkhū evarūpāni navakammāni dassanti—piṇḍanikkhepanamattenapi navakammaṁ dassanti; kuṭṭalepanamattenapi … dvāraṭṭhapanamattenapi … aggaḷavaṭṭikaraṇamattenapi … ālokasandhikaraṇamattenapi … setavaṇṇakaraṇamattenapi … kāḷavaṇṇakaraṇamattenapi … gerukaparikammakaraṇamattenapi … chādanamattenapi … bandhanamattenapi … bhaṇḍikāṭṭhapanamattenapi … khaṇḍaphullapaṭisaṅkharaṇamattenapi … paribhaṇḍakaraṇamattenapi … vīsativassikampi … tiṁsavassikampi … yāvajīvikampi … dhūmakālikampi pariyositaṁ vihāraṁ navakammaṁ dassantī”ti. They told the Buddha. … Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe… “Is it true, monks, that they do this?” “saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave …pe… “It’s true, sir.” … “saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti …pe… After rebuking them … vigarahitvā …pe… the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks: dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—

“You shouldn’t put monks in charge of building work such as this: the mere filling of gaps, “na, bhikkhave, piṇḍanikkhepanamattena navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ …pe… the mere plastering of walls, na kuṭṭalepanamattena navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. the mere hanging of doors, Na dvāraṭṭhapanamattena navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. the mere making of door jambs, Na aggaḷavaṭṭikaraṇamattena navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. the mere making of windows, Na ālokasandhikaraṇamattena navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. the mere application of white coloring, Na setavaṇṇakaraṇamattena navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. the mere application of black coloring, Na kāḷavaṇṇakaraṇamattena navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. the mere treatment with red ocher, Na gerukaparikammakaraṇamattena navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. the mere covering with a roof, Na chādanamattena navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. the mere fastening of a roof, Na bandhanamattena navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. the mere fixing of cornices, Na bhaṇḍikāṭṭhapanamattena navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. the mere repair of what is defective or broken, Na khaṇḍaphullapaṭisaṅkharaṇamattena navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. or the mere plastering of floors; Na paribhaṇḍakaraṇamattena navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. and you shouldn’t put monks in charge of building work for twenty years, Na vīsativassikaṁ navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. for thirty years, Na tiṁsavassikaṁ navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. or for life, Na yāvajīvikaṁ navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. or put monks in charge of building work for life on finished dwellings. Na dhūmakālikampi pariyositaṁ vihāraṁ navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. Yo dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

I allow you to put monks in charge of building work that isn’t yet started or that’s partially complete. For a small dwelling, you should inspect the work and then put a monk in charge of the building work for five or six years. For a small stilt house, you should inspect the work and then put a monk in charge of the building work for seven or eight years. For a large dwelling or stilt house, you should inspect the work and then put a monk in charge of the building work for ten or twelve years.” Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, akataṁ vā vippakataṁ vā navakammaṁ dātuṁ, khuddake vihāre kammaṁ oloketvā chappañcavassikaṁ navakammaṁ dātuṁ, aḍḍhayoge kammaṁ oloketvā sattaṭṭhavassikaṁ navakammaṁ dātuṁ, mahallake vihāre pāsāde vā kammaṁ oloketvā dasadvādasavassikaṁ navakammaṁ dātun”ti.

On one occasion the monks put one person in charge of the building work on all the dwellings. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū sabbe vihāre navakammaṁ denti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You shouldn’t put one person in charge of the building work on all the dwellings. “Na, bhikkhave, sabbe vihāre navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” Yo dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

On one occasion the monks put one person in charge of the building work on two dwellings. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū ekassa dve denti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You shouldn’t put one person in charge of the building work on two dwellings. “Na, bhikkhave, ekassa dve dātabbā. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” Yo dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

On one occasion the monks who had taken on building work had someone else stay in that dwelling. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū navakammaṁ gahetvā aññaṁ vāsenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“When you have taken on building work, you shouldn’t have someone else stay in that dwelling. “Na, bhikkhave, navakammaṁ gahetvā añño vāsetabbo. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” Yo vāseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

At one time monks who had taken on building work reserved what belonged to the Sangha. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū navakammaṁ gahetvā saṅghikaṁ paṭibāhenti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“When you have taken on building work, you shouldn’t reserve what belongs to the Sangha. “Na, bhikkhave, navakammaṁ gahetvā saṅghikaṁ paṭibāhitabbaṁ. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. I allow you to take one good bed.” Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, ekaṁ varaseyyaṁ gahetun”ti.

On one occasion the monks put one who was outside the monastery zone in charge of building work. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū nissīme ṭhitassa navakammaṁ denti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You shouldn’t put one who’s outside the monastery zone in charge of building work. “Na, bhikkhave, nissīme ṭhitassa navakammaṁ dātabbaṁ. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” Yo dadeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

At one time the monks who had taken on building work reserved a dwelling at all times. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū navakammaṁ gahetvā sabbakālaṁ paṭibāhanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“When you have taken on building work, you shouldn’t reserve a dwelling at all times. “Na, bhikkhave, navakammaṁ gahetvā sabbakālaṁ paṭibāhitabbaṁ. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. Yo paṭibāheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. I allow you to reserve it for the three months of the rainy-season residence, but not at other times.” Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, vassānaṁ temāsaṁ paṭibāhituṁ, utukālaṁ pana na paṭibāhitun”ti.

At that time monks who had taken on building work left, disrobed, died, Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū navakammaṁ gahetvā pakkamantipi, vibbhamantipi, kālampi karonti; admitted to being novice monks, sāmaṇerāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to having renounced the training, sikkhaṁ paccakkhātakāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to having committed the worst kind of offense, antimavatthuṁ ajjhāpannakāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to being insane, ummattakāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to being deranged, khittacittāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to being overwhelmed by pain, vedanāṭṭāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to having been suspended for not recognizing an offense, āpattiyā adassane ukkhittakāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to having been suspended for not making amends for an offense, āpattiyā appaṭikamme ukkhittakāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to having been suspended for not giving up a bad view, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge ukkhittakāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to being a <i lang='pi' translate='no'>paṇḍaka</i>, paṇḍakāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to being fake monks, theyyasaṁvāsakāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to previously having left to join the monastics of another religion, titthiyapakkantakāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to being an animal, tiracchānagatāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to being a matricide, mātughātakāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to being a patricide, pitughātakāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to being a murderer of a perfected one, arahantaghātakāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to having raped a nun, bhikkhunidūsakāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to having caused a schism in the Sangha, saṅghabhedakāpi paṭijānanti; admitted to having caused the Buddha to bleed, lohituppādakāpi paṭijānanti; or admitted to being a hermaphrodite. ubhatobyañjanakāpi paṭijānanti. They told the Buddha. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“If a monk who’s taken on building work departs, “Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṁ gahetvā pakkamati—it should be given to another, with the thought, ‘What belongs to the Sangha shouldn’t be allowed to deteriorate.’ mā saṅghassa hāyīti aññassa dātabbaṁ.

If a monk who’s taken on building work disrobes, Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṁ gahetvā vibbhamati …pe… dies, admits to being a novice monk, admits to having renounced the training, admits to having committed the worst kind of offense, admits to being insane, admits to being deranged, admits to being overwhelmed by pain, admits to having been suspended for not recognizing an offense, admits to having been suspended for not making amends for an offense, admits to having been suspended for not giving up a bad view, admits to being a <i lang='pi' translate='no'>paṇḍaka</i>, admits to being a fake monk, admits to previously having left to join the monastics of another religion, admits to being an animal, admits to being a matricide, admits to being a patricide, admits to being a murderer of a perfected one, admits to having raped a nun, admits to having caused a schism in the Sangha, admits to having caused the Buddha to bleed, or admits to being a hermaphrodite, kālaṁ karoti, sāmaṇero paṭijānāti, sikkhaṁ paccakkhātako paṭijānāti, antimavatthuṁ ajjhāpannako paṭijānāti, ummattako paṭijānāti, khittacitto paṭijānāti, vedanāṭṭo paṭijānāti, āpattiyā adassane ukkhittako paṭijānāti, āpattiyā appaṭikamme ukkhittako paṭijānāti, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge ukkhittako paṭijānāti, paṇḍako paṭijānāti, theyyasaṁvāsako paṭijānāti, titthiyapakkantako paṭijānāti, tiracchānagato paṭijānāti, mātughātako paṭijānāti, pitughātako paṭijānāti, arahantaghātako paṭijānāti, bhikkhunidūsako paṭijānāti, saṅghabhedako paṭijānāti, lohituppādako paṭijānāti, ubhatobyañjanako paṭijānāti—it should be given to another, with the thought, ‘What belongs to the Sangha shouldn’t be allowed to deteriorate.’ mā saṅghassa hāyīti aññassa dātabbaṁ.

If a monk who’s taken on building work departs while it’s still unfinished, Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṁ gahetvā vippakate pakkamati—it should be given to another, with the thought, ‘What belongs to the Sangha shouldn’t be allowed to deteriorate.’ mā saṅghassa hāyīti aññassa dātabbaṁ.

If a monk who’s taken on building work disrobes while it’s still unfinished … Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṁ gahetvā vippakate vibbhamati …pe… or admits to being a hermaphrodite while it’s still unfinished, ubhatobyañjanako paṭijānāti—it should be given to another, with the thought, ‘What belongs to the Sangha shouldn’t be allowed to deteriorate.’ mā saṅghassa hāyīti aññassa dātabbaṁ.

If a monk who’s taken on building work departs when it’s finished, Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṁ gahetvā pariyosite pakkamati—then it’s still for him. tassevetaṁ.

If a monk who’s taken on building work disrobes when it’s finished; Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṁ gahetvā pariyosite vibbhamati …pe… dies when it’s finished; admits, when it’s finished, to being a novice monk; admits, when it’s finished, to having renounced the training; or admits, when it’s finished, to having committed the worst kind of offense—kālaṁ karoti, sāmaṇero paṭijānāti, sikkhaṁ paccakkhātako paṭijānāti, antimavatthuṁ ajjhāpannako paṭijānāti—then the Sangha is the owner. saṅgho sāmī.

If a monk who’s taken on building work admits, when it’s finished, to being insane; admits, when it’s finished, to being deranged; admits, when it’s finished, to being overwhelmed by pain; admits, when it’s finished, to having been suspended for not recognizing an offense; admits, when it’s finished, to having been suspended for not making amends for an offense; or admits, when it’s finished, to having been suspended for not giving up a bad view—Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṁ gahetvā pariyosite ummattako paṭijānāti, khittacitto paṭijānāti, vedanāṭṭo paṭijānāti, āpattiyā adassane ukkhittako paṭijānāti, āpattiyā appaṭikamme ukkhittako paṭijānāti, pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā appaṭinissagge ukkhittako paṭijānāti—then it’s still for him. tassevetaṁ.

If a monk who’s taken on building work admits, when it’s finished, to being a <i lang='pi' translate='no'>paṇḍaka</i>; admits, when it’s finished, to being a fake monk; admits, when it’s finished, to previously having left to join the monastics of another religion; admits, when it’s finished, to being an animal; admits, when it’s finished, to being a matricide; admits, when it’s finished, to being a patricide; admits, when it’s finished, to being a murderer of a perfected one; admits, when it’s finished, to having raped a nun; admits, when it’s finished, to having caused a schism in the Sangha; admits, when it’s finished, to having caused the Buddha to bleed; or admits, when it’s finished, to being a hermaphrodite—Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu navakammaṁ gahetvā pariyosite paṇḍako paṭijānāti, theyyasaṁvāsako paṭijānāti, titthiyapakkantako paṭijānāti, tiracchānagato paṭijānāti, mātughātako paṭijānāti, pitughātako paṭijānāti, arahantaghātako paṭijānāti, bhikkhunidūsako paṭijānāti, saṅghabhedako paṭijānāti, lohituppādako paṭijānāti, ubhatobyañjanako paṭijānāti—then the Sangha is the owner.” saṅgho sāmī”ti.

22. The prohibition against using equipment where it doesn’t belong, etc. 3.4. Aññatraparibhogapaṭikkhepādi

At one time the monks used a certain lay follower’s equipment where it did not belong. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū aññatarassa upāsakassa vihāraparibhogaṁ senāsanaṁ aññatra paribhuñjanti. That lay follower complained and criticized them, Atha kho so upāsako ujjhāyati khiyyati vipāceti—“How can the venerables use the equipment where it doesn’t belong?” “kathañhi nāma bhadantā aññatra paribhogaṁ aññatra paribhuñjissantī”ti. They told the Buddha. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You shouldn’t use equipment where it doesn’t belong. “Na, bhikkhave, aññatra paribhogo aññatra paribhuñjitabbo. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” Yo paribhuñjeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

Being afraid of wrongdoing, the monks did not take any equipment to the observance-day hall or to meetings. They sat down on the bare ground, Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū uposathaggampi sannisajjampi harituṁ kukkuccāyantā chamāya nisīdanti. their limbs and robes becoming dirty. Gattānipi cīvarānipi paṁsukitāni honti.

Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to borrow.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tāvakālikaṁ haritun”ti.

At that time a large dwelling belonging to the Sangha was decaying. Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa mahāvihāro undriyati. Being afraid of wrongdoing, the monks did not remove the furniture. Bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā senāsanaṁ nātiharanti.

Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to move it for the purpose of protection.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, guttatthāya haritun”ti.

On one occasion the Sangha had been given a valuable, woolen furniture cloth. Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa senāsanaparikkhāriko mahaggho kambalo uppanno hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to do a beneficial trade.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, phātikammatthāya parivattetun”ti.

On one occasion the Sangha was offered a valuable furniture cloth. Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa senāsanaparikkhārikaṁ mahagghaṁ dussaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to do a beneficial trade.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, phātikammatthāya parivattetun”ti.

On one occasion the Sangha was offered a bear skin. Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa acchacammaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to make it into a doormat.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pādapuñchaniṁ kātun”ti.

On one occasion the Sangha was offered a round pad. Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa cakkalikaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to make it into a doormat.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pādapuñchaniṁ kātun”ti.

On one occasion the Sangha was offered a cloth. Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa coḷakaṁ uppannaṁ hoti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow you to make it into a doormat.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pādapuñchaniṁ kātun”ti.

At that time there were monks who stepped into the dwellings with dirty feet. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū adhotehi pādehi senāsanaṁ akkamanti. The dwellings became dirty. Senāsanaṁ dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You shouldn’t step into a dwelling with dirty feet. “Na, bhikkhave, adhotehi pādehi senāsanaṁ akkamitabbaṁ. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” Yo akkameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

At that time there were monks who stepped into the dwellings with wet feet. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū allehi pādehi senāsanaṁ akkamanti. The dwellings became dirty. Senāsanaṁ dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You shouldn’t step into a dwelling with wet feet. “Na, bhikkhave, allehi pādehi senāsanaṁ akkamitabbaṁ. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” Yo akkameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

At that time there were monks who stepped into the dwellings with their sandals on. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū saupāhanā senāsanaṁ akkamanti. The dwellings became dirty. Senāsanaṁ dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You shouldn’t step into a dwelling with your sandals on. “Na, bhikkhave, saupāhanena senāsanaṁ akkamitabbaṁ. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct.” Yo akkameyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.

At that time there were monks who spat on treated floors. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū parikammakatāya bhūmiyā niṭṭhubhanti. The coloring was spoiled. Vaṇṇo dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You shouldn’t spit on treated floors. “Na, bhikkhave, parikammakatāya bhūmiyā niṭṭhubhitabbaṁ. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. Yo niṭṭhubheyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. I allow spittoons.” Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, kheḷamallakan”ti.

At that time the legs of the beds and benches scratched the treated floors. The coloring was spoiled. Tena kho pana samayena mañcapādāpi pīṭhapādāpi parikammakataṁ bhūmiṁ vilikhanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You should wrap the legs in cloth.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, coḷakena paliveṭhetun”ti.

At that time there were monks who leaned on treated walls. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū parikammakataṁ bhittiṁ apassenti. The coloring was spoiled. Vaṇṇo dussati. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You shouldn’t lean on treated walls. “Na, bhikkhave, parikammakatā bhitti apassetabbā. If you do, you commit an offense of wrong conduct. Yo apasseyya, āpatti dukkaṭassa. I allow leaning boards.” Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, apassenaphalakan”ti.

The lower edge of the leaning boards scratched the floor and the upper edge scratched the wall. Apassenaphalakaṁ heṭṭhato bhūmiṁ vilikhati, uparito bhittiñca. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You should wrap the lower and upper edges in cloth.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, heṭṭhato ca uparito ca coḷakena paliveṭhetun”ti.

Being afraid of wrongdoing, the monks did not lie down with washed feet. Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū dhotapādakā nipajjituṁ kukkuccāyanti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You should spread a sheet and then lie down.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, paccattharitvā nipajjitun”ti.

23. The allowance for meals for the Sangha, etc. 3.5. Saṅghabhattādianujānana

When the Buddha had stayed at Āḷavī for as long as he liked, he set out wandering toward Rājagaha. Atha kho bhagavā āḷaviyaṁ yathābhirantaṁ viharitvā yena rājagahaṁ tena cārikaṁ pakkāmi. When he eventually arrived, Anupubbena cārikaṁ caramāno yena rājagahaṁ tadavasari. he stayed in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrel sanctuary. Tatra sudaṁ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe.

At that time Rājagaha was short of food Tena kho pana samayena rājagahaṁ dubbhikkhaṁ hoti. and people were unable to make meals for the whole Sangha. Manussā na sakkonti saṅghabhattaṁ kātuṁ; Instead they wished to make meals for designated monks, invitational meals, meals for which lots are drawn, half-monthly meals, meals on the observance day, and meals on the day after the observance day. icchanti uddesabhattaṁ nimantanaṁ salākabhattaṁ pakkhikaṁ uposathikaṁ pāṭipadikaṁ kātuṁ. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“I allow meals for the Sangha, meals for designated monks, invitational meals, meals for which lots are drawn, half-monthly meals, meals on the observance days, and meals on the days after the observance day.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, saṅghabhattaṁ uddesabhattaṁ nimantanaṁ salākabhattaṁ pakkhikaṁ uposathikaṁ pāṭipadikan”ti.

24. The appointment of a designator of meals 3.6. Bhattuddesakasammuti

At that time the monks from the group of six took the best meals for themselves and gave the inferior ones to the other monks. Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū attano varabhattāni gahetvā lāmakāni bhattāni bhikkhūnaṁ denti. They told the Buddha. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You should appoint a monk who has five qualities as the designator of meals: “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṁ bhikkhuṁ bhattuddesakaṁ sammannituṁ—he’s not biased by favoritism, ill will, confusion, or fear, and he knows what has and has not been designated. yo na chandāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṁ gaccheyya, uddiṭṭhānuddiṭṭhañca jāneyya. And he should be appointed like this. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. First a monk should be asked, and then a competent and capable monk should inform the Sangha: Paṭhamaṁ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo—

The monks who were designator of meals thought, Atha kho bhattuddesakānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ etadahosi—“How should we designate the meals?” “kathaṁ nu kho bhattaṁ uddisitabban”ti? Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You should mark tickets, make a heap of them, and then designate the meals.” “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, salākāya vā paṭṭikāya vā upanibandhitvā opuñjitvā bhattaṁ uddisitun”ti.

25. The appointment of an assigner of dwellings, etc. 3.7. Senāsanapaññāpakādisammuti

At that time there was no assigner of dwellings … Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa senāsanapaññāpako na hoti …pe… no storeman … bhaṇḍāgāriko na hoti …pe… no receiver of robe-cloth … cīvarappaṭiggāhako na hoti …pe… no distributor of robe-cloth … cīvarabhājako na hoti …pe… no distributor of congee … yāgubhājako na hoti …pe… no distributor of fruit … phalabhājako na hoti …pe… no distributor of fresh food. khajjakabhājako na hoti. Because it was not distributed, the fresh food perished. Khajjakaṁ abhājiyamānaṁ nassati. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You should appoint a monk who has five qualities as the distributor of fresh food: “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṁ bhikkhuṁ khajjakabhājakaṁ sammannituṁ—he’s not biased by favoritism, ill will, confusion, or fear, and he knows what has and has not been distributed. yo na chandāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṁ gaccheyya, bhājitābhājitañca jāneyya. And he should be appointed like this. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. First a monk should be asked, and then a competent and capable monk should inform the Sangha: Paṭhamaṁ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo—

26. The appointment of a distributor of minor requisites 3.8. Appamattakavissajjakasammuti

At that time there were minor requisites in the storeroom. Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa bhaṇḍāgāre appamattako parikkhāro uppanno hoti. They told the Buddha. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You should appoint a monk who has five qualities as the distributor of minor requisites: “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṁ bhikkhuṁ appamattakavissajjakaṁ sammannituṁ—he’s not biased by favoritism, ill will, confusion, or fear, and he knows what has and has not been distributed. yo na chandāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṁ gaccheyya, vissajjitāvissajjitañca jāneyya. And he should be appointed like this. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. First a monk should be asked, and then a competent and capable monk should inform the Sangha: Paṭhamaṁ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo—

The monk who is the distributor of minor requisites should give things out one by one: needles, knives, sandals, belts, shoulder straps, water filters, and water strainers, and also robe material for long inter-panel strips, for short inter-panel strips, for large panels, for medium-sized panels, for lengthwise borders, and for crosswise borders. Tena appamattakavissajjakena bhikkhunā ekā sūci dātabbā, satthakaṁ dātabbaṁ, upāhanā dātabbā, kāyabandhanaṁ dātabbaṁ, aṁsabaddhako dātabbo, parissāvanaṁ dātabbaṁ, dhammakaraṇo dātabbo, kusi dātabbā, aḍḍhakusi dātabbā, maṇḍalaṁ dātabbaṁ, aḍḍhamaṇḍalaṁ dātabbaṁ, anuvāto dātabbo, paribhaṇḍaṁ dātabbaṁ.

If the Sangha has ghee, oil, honey, or syrup, he should give it out for a single use. Sace hoti saṅghassa sappi vā telaṁ vā madhu vā phāṇitaṁ vā, sakiṁ paṭisāyituṁ dātabbaṁ. If it is needed again, he should give it out again. Sace punapi attho hoti, punapi dātabbaṁ.

27. The appointment of a distributor of rainy-season bathing cloths, etc. 3.9. Sāṭiyaggāhāpakādisammuti

At that time there was no distributor of rainy-season bathing cloths … Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa sāṭiyaggāhāpako na hoti …pe… no distributor of almsbowls … pattaggāhāpako na hoti …pe… no supervisor of monastery workers … ārāmikapesako na hoti …pe… no supervisor of novice monks. sāmaṇerapesako na hoti. Not being supervised, the novice monks didn’t do their work. Sāmaṇerā apesiyamānā kammaṁ na karonti. Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.

“You should appoint a monk who has five qualities as the supervisor of novice monks: “Anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcahaṅgehi samannāgataṁ bhikkhuṁ sāmaṇerapesakaṁ sammannituṁ—he’s not biased by favoritism, ill will, confusion, or fear, and he knows who is and isn’t supervised. yo na chandāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṁ gaccheyya, pesitāpesitañca jāneyya. And he should be appointed like this. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. First a monk should be asked, and then a competent and capable monk should inform the Sangha: Paṭhamaṁ bhikkhu yācitabbo, yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo—

The third section for recitation is finished. Tatiyabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.

The sixth chapter on resting places is finished. Senāsanakkhandhako chaṭṭho.